Critical Bone Defect and Deformity Correction with a Custom 3D Printed Cage by Jacob Priester MD, Justin Haghverdian MD, Christopher Kreulen MD

“…The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fusion and complication rates following treatment of critical bone defects of the ankle and hindfoot with a patient-specific, 3D-printed titanium cage. …”
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Visualization of defects in perovskite solar cells using electroluminescence, photoluminescence, and thermal imaging methods by Koki Kimura, Itaru Raifuku, Tatsuro Kawamura, Yasuaki Ishikawa

“…Establishing a method to easily evaluate the defects present in PSCs is a key factor in achieving efficient large area PSCs. …”
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Photonic crystal with a defect layer of silicon containing polymer nanocomposites as radiation detector by Zaky A. Zaky, V. D. Zhaketov, S. V. Kozhevnikov, Mohammed Sallah

“…Abstract This paper presents a photonic crystal-based gamma radiation detector featuring a defect layer of silicon embedded with polymer nanocomposites. …”
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Improved faster R-CNN for steel surface defect detection in industrial quality control by Yuefeng Leng, Jiazhi Liu

“…Abstract Steel surface defect detection constitutes a critical inspection task in industrial production. …”
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Thermographic Data Processing and Feature Extraction Approaches for Machine Learning-Based Defect Detection by Alexey Moskovchenko, Michal Svantner

“…Infrared thermography is a non-destructive testing method used to detect defects in materials and structures. Machine learning algorithms have been applied to thermographic data to automate the defect detection process. …”
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A VCO with Harmonic Suppressed and Output Power Improved Using Defected Ground Structure by Haiwen Liu, Xiaowei Sun, Zhengfan Li

“…In this paper, a novel defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed for suppressing harmonic and increasing the output power of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) in microwave circuits. …”
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Enhancing Defect Classification in Solar Panels With Electroluminescence Imaging and Advanced Machine Learning Strategies by Fatih Demir

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Aero-Engine Blade Defect Detection: A Systematic Review of Deep Learning Models by Yusra Abdulrahman, M. A. Mohammed Eltoum, Abdulla Ayyad, Brain Moyo, Yahya Zweiri

“…However, there is a need for more research on integrating deep learning models into practical applications and developing robust and reliable systems for defect detection. This review framework provides a comprehensive methodology for selecting and evaluating relevant studies, which researchers can use for future investigations in this area. …”
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Developing an Ontology for Concrete Surface Defects to Enhance Inspection, Diagnosis and Repair Information Modeling by Fardin Bahreini, Amin Hammad

“…OCSD aims to enhance future asset management systems by providing comprehensive knowledge about concrete surface defects, encompassing inspection, diagnosis, 3R (Repair, Rehabilitation, and Replacement), and defect concepts. …”
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Advances and Challenges in Deep Learning for Automated Welding Defect Detection: A Technical Survey by Abdulrahim Mohammed, Muhammad Hussain

“…A critical analysis of single-stage and two-stage architectures is conducted to evaluate their ability to address issues like small defect sizes, low image contrast, and diverse defect geometries. …”
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Heterologous demineralised bone matrix is efficient for the repair of critical-sized rat calvarial defects by A. V. Veremeev, R. N. Bolgarin, V. G. Nesterenko, A. A. Andreev-Andrievskiy

“…Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of heterologous demineralised bone matrix (DBM) for the replacement of bone defects using a critical-sized rat calvarial defect model. …”
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Influence of the Level of Defective Insulation Resistance of Electrical Machine Windings on Parameters of no-Load Current by A. V. Isaev, Yu. V. Suhodolov, S. V. Sizikov, A. A. Lomtev, V. A. Lychkovsky

“…Diagnostic methods that will change at present for monitoring the condition of windings of electric machines do not allow to detect defect formation in them at early stages of development. …”
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Research on the Influence of the Defects of Materials on Thermal Runaway in Microwave Hybrid Heating for Sintering Processes by Sorin Vasile Savu, Daniela Tarniță, Iulian Stefan, Gabriel Constantin Benga, Ionel Danut Savu, Nicușor-Alin Sîrbu, Ilie Dumitru, Marin Andretti Ciungu, Mihai Ursu, Cristian Cosma

“…Modeling and simulation of temperature distributions alongside defects created by the compaction process are performed in order to evaluate their influence on the stability of MHH. …”
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Photovoltaic panel defect detection algorithm based on infrared imaging and improved YOLOv8 by Jingdong Wang, Zhu Cheng

“…The method is evaluated on the PV-Multi-Defect-main dataset and further validated through a generalization test on the PVEL-AD dataset. …”
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An empirical study on the effectiveness of data resampling approaches for cross‐project software defect prediction by Kwabena Ebo Bennin, Amjed Tahir, Stephen G. MacDonell, Jürgen Börstler

“…Abstract Cross‐project defect prediction (CPDP), where data from different software projects are used to predict defects, has been proposed as a way to provide data for software projects that lack historical data. …”
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Study on the Optimization of <i>b</i>-Value for Analyzing Weld Defects in the Primary System by Do-Yun Jung, Young-Chul Choi, Byun-Young Chung

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Enhancing Defect Detection on Surfaces Using Transfer Learning and Acoustic Non-Destructive Testing by Michele Lo Giudice, Francesca Mariani, Giosuè Caliano, Alessandro Salvini

“…We designed a planar test object embedded with controlled subsurface cavities to simulate the presence of defects of adhesion and air among the layers. This was rigorously evaluated using non-destructive testing using PICUS, augmented by artificial intelligence (AI). …”
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Effect of collagen-based scaffolds with hydroxyapatite on the repair of cartilage defects in the rabbit knee joint by Xiaoliang He, Qiuping Han, Yuxin Zhang, Huan Zhang, Jun Liu, Xiaohui Zhou

“…The rabbit knee cartilage defect model with a diameter of approximately 3 mm and a thickness of approximately 4 mm was selected to evaluate the regenerative potential of the scaffolds using histological and immunohistochemical analyses. …”
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A bilayer scaffold of collagen and nanohydroxyapatite promotes osteochondral defect in rabbit knee joints by Yayuan Guo, Xueliang Peng, Bin Cao, Qian Liu, Shen Li, Fulin Chen, Dalong Zhi, Shequn Zhang, Zhuoyue Chen

“…Then, biocompatibility and repair capability of the CHA scaffold were further evaluated using a rabbit knee cartilage defect model. …”
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Earlobe‐based advancement flap for helical rim defect: A review of 30 cases by Aurore Le Guern, Manon Gillard, Marion Oberle, Damien Lebas

“…The earlobe‐based advancement flap (ELBAF) by Zilinsky, introduced in 2014, has emerged as a simple and effective method for helical rim ear defect reconstruction. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and complications of ELBAF in the reconstruction of helical rim defects. …”
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