Defect detection in EBSM components through selective box fusion of modern object detection by Rui Han, Chenwei Wang, Yuzhong Wang, Yihui Zhang, Wenhua Guo, Yanyang Zi, Jiyuan Zhao

“…In this study, X-ray computed tomography (CT) was utilized to scan EBSM parts, and cross-sectional images were employed to train several state-of-the-art modern object detection models for evaluating their effectiveness in detecting internal defects. …”
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Incorporating long-tail data in complex backgrounds for visual surface defect detection in PCBs by Liying Zhu, Sen Wang, Mingfang Chen, Aiping Shen, Xuangang Li

“…The performance of LLM-Net was evaluated on a homemade dataset of PCB surface soldering defects, and the results show that LLM-Net achieves the best accuracy of mAP@0.5 for the evaluation metric of the COCO dataset, and it has a real-time inference speed of 188 frames per second (FPS).…”
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Open pneumothorax with extensive thoracic defects sustained in a fall: a case report by Rina Tokuda, Yohei Okada, Futoshi Nagashima, Makoto Kobayashi, Wataru Ishii, Ryoji Iizuka

“…A pulmonary suture for lung injury and closure of the left thorax were performed during the surgery. The defect was closed with the remaining tissue, but the anterior thoracic skin with poor blood flow was necrotic, so debridement was undertaken. …”
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The Potential for Hyperspectral Imaging and Machine Learning to Classify Internal Quality Defects in Macadamia Nuts by Michael B. Farrar, Marcela Martinez, Kim Jones, Negar Omidvar, Helen M. Wallace, Thomas Chen, Shahla Hosseini Bai

“…This technology will allow rapid and non-destructive evaluation of intact nut products that can then be marketed as a high-quality, defect-free product, compared with traditional methods that rely heavily on representative sub-sampling.…”
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Performance of Fine-Tuning Techniques for Multilabel Classification of Surface Defects in Reinforced Concrete Bridges by Benyamin Pooraskarparast, Son N. Dang, Vikram Pakrashi, José C. Matos

“…Machine learning models often face challenges in bridge inspections, especially in handling complex surface features and overlapping defects that make accurate classification difficult. …”
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Study on residual strength of oil and gas pipeline with corrosion defects under bending load by Song Chenxi, Shu Jie, Chen Han, Shi Tong, Wu Xiatong, Liu Xiaoben

“…The integrity evaluation of oil and gas pipelines has revealed that the width of corrosion defects does not appear to have a discernible impact on residual strength. …”
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Aircraft Skin Machine Learning-Based Defect Detection and Size Estimation in Visual Inspections by Angelos Plastropoulos, Kostas Bardis, George Yazigi, Nicolas P. Avdelidis, Mark Droznika

“…After a comprehensive dataset was constructed, multiple deep-learning architectures were developed and evaluated. The models were optimized for detecting various aircraft skin defects, with a focus on the challenging task of dent detection. …”
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Application Area and Scope of the Principle of Social Risk by Nemetullah Agahabaleı Fanıd

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Repair of the cerebral dura mater defect by temporalis muscle fascia or peritoneum as autografted tissues in dogs by Osama H. Al-Hyani, Abdullah M. Al-Saiegh, Khalid W. Alheyali

“…The defect was substituted with temporalis muscle fascia in the first group, while in the second group, the defect was substituted by a piece of the peritoneum. …”
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COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOMATERIALS FOR THE REPLACEMENT OF JAW BONE DEFECTS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF INFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONS by V.M. Havryliev, A.V. Kopchak, N.B. Kuzniak, D.V. Steblovski, O.A. Toropov, P.I. Yatsenko

“…This study presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various types of biomaterials and cellular components, as well as strategies aimed at improving the regeneration of bone defects. The functional characteristics of osteoconductive scaffolds, their microand nanostructural properties, and biomimetic features were evaluated. …”
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Short-term outcomes of transcatheter perimembranous ventricular septal defect closure using the konar-multifunctional occluder: the Taiwanese experience by Li-Chin Liao, Li-Chin Liao, Li-Chin Liao, Li-Chin Liao, Li-Chin Liao, Yun-Ching Fu, Yun-Ching Fu, Yun-Ching Fu, Pi-Chang Lee, Sheng-Ling Jan, Ming-Chih Lin, Ming-Chih Lin, Chieh-Mao Chuang, Hui-Chih Hung, Hui-Chih Hung, Hui-Chih Hung, Hui-Chih Hung

“…IntroductionTranscatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PmVSD) using the Lifetech KONAR-MF ventricular septal defect occluder (MFO) presents a promising and effective alternative to surgical repair.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the 6-month safety and efficacy of the MFO device for PmVSD closure.Materials and methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients who underwent percutaneous PmVSD closure using the MFO device at our institution between December 2021 and June 2024. …”
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Effects of initial defects on strain measurement and elastic modulus of 3D-printed CFRP by Keisuke IIZUKA, Takumi ITO, Satoru YONEYAMA

“…The effects of initial defects, such as fiber breakage, on the strain measurement of 3D-printed carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) are evaluated herein. …”
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The effects of local and systemic metronidazole on bone healing in mandibular defects: a rat model by Aysan Lektemur Alpan, Alper Kızıldağ, Özlem Özmen, Necati Zavrak, Zeynep Özdoğan, Aysun Akpınar

“…Abstract Objective This study evaluated the effects of local and systemic Metronidazole (MTZ) on bone healing in infected mandibular defects using a rat model. …”
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The ROX@PDA@PCL vascularized bionic nerve conduit facilitates the restoration of nerve defects by Daoyi Lin, Daoyi Lin, Jun Peng, Yichong Zhang, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaodong Xu, Jing Jia

“…In this study, we employed polydopamine (PDA) to modify polycaprolactone (PCL) and subsequently loaded it with roxadustat (ROX), thereby constructing a vascularized nerve conduit for the repair of a 10 mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. At 2 weeks post-surgery, new blood vessels were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. …”
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MRI monitoring of USPIO-labeled BMSCs combined with alginate scaffold for cartilage defect repair by Shanyu Lu, Shanyu Lu, Zhenyu Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Meiling Qi, Meiling Qi, Haocheng Zhen, Jing Luo, Yingchao Wang, Yingchao Wang, Le Chang, Le Chang, Xiaolong Bai, Xiaolong Bai, Yingguang Jiao, Yingguang Jiao, Xinyao Chen, Xinyao Chen, Junping Zhen, Junping Zhen

“…ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) combined with sodium alginate scaffolds in repairing knee cartilage defects in New Zealand rabbits. …”
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Deep learning-based automated defect classification for powder bed fusion – Laser beam by Natalie Kunkel, Daniel Thölken, Klaus Behler

“…The surface of the entire powder bed is evaluated by a CNN and the defect classification result is returned within seconds. …”
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Non-Contact Laser Ultrasound Detection of Internal Gas Defects in Lithium-Ion Batteries by Dongxia Tang, Chenguang Xu, Guidong Xu, Sen Cui, Sai Zhang

“…Non-contact laser ultrasonic detection technology provides an innovative solution for evaluating the internal conditions of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering significant advantages in gas defect assessment and structural defect identification. …”
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The use of thermal imaging survey to identify defects building envelope constructions and energy eqipment by D. M. Valiullina, V. N. Enyushin

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Reducing sewing defects to increase productivity in the apparel industry of Bangladesh by integrating lean methodology by Md. Limonur Lingkon, Pronab Saha, Abdulla Al Manzid, Md. Hasan, Showra Mahalanobish

“…Tools like cause-effect diagrams and Pareto charts were used to identify the defect correctly. The OEE was used to evaluate the actual efficiency. …”
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Enhancing osteogenesis and mandibular defect repair with magnesium-modified acellular bovine bone matrix by Peng Wang, Rui Ge, Biao Li, Li Li, Liwei Han, Xiantong Hu, Gang Xu, Kaitao Yu

“…Abstract An acellular bovine bone matrix modified to release Magnesium ions (Mg2+) (ABBM-Mg) was prepared and evaluated for its potential in osteogenesis and mandibular defect repair. …”
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