Awareness and adoption strategies for improved agricultural practices (IAPs) by smallholder farmers in the Mbeya Region, Tanzania by Phenson Justine, Ádám Csorba, Caleb Melenya Ocansey, Brian Rotich, Isaiah Maket, Azaria Stephano Lameck, Mustapha Abdulkadir, Mohammed Ahmed MohammedZein, Erika Michéli, Yuri Andrei Gelsleichter

“…A total of 206 active and registered households were surveyed by mixed sampling in the Mbeya region. The data was collected from smallholder farmers using the ODK collect tool through a well-structured questionnaire. …”
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‘It Just Makes Sense to Me’: A qualitative study exploring patient decision‐making and experiences with prostate MRI during active surveillance for prostate cancer by Ryan Sutherland, Cary P. Gross, Xiaomei Ma, Farah Jeong, Tyler M. Seibert, Matthew R. Cooperberg, William J. Catalona, Shellie D. Ellis, Stacy Loeb, Dena Schulman‐Green, Michael S. Leapman

“…Methods We performed a qualitative study consisting of in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews of patients with low‐ and intermediate‐risk prostate cancer managed with active surveillance. …”
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Pediatric Primary Care Physicians’ Perceptions of, and Processes for, Pediatric Blood Pressure Screening, Follow-Up, and Hypertension Management by Melissa Goulding, Grace W. Ryan, Elise M. Stevens, Sharina Person, Robert Goldberg, Arvin Garg, Stephenie C. Lemon

“…<b>Methods</b>: We conducted semi-structured interviews with pediatric and family medicine physicians from the largest healthcare system in central Massachusetts. …”
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Ethnomedicinal documentation of plants used for gastrointestinal disorders in Sahiwal District Pakistan by Nidaa Harun, Muhammad Waheed, Syeda Sitwat Rubab, Madeeha Arshad, Shiekh Marifatul Haq, Fahim Arshad, Syeda Maryam Hussain, Imrana Bukhari, Muhammad Shoaib, Kaneez Fatima, Rainer W. Bussmann, Abeer Hashem, Adel M. Al-Saif, Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah

“…The interviews of 125 respondents were conducted during August 2021–January 2022 via a semi-structured questionnaire. Floristic analysis yielded a total of 73 plant species in 65 genera and 35 families. …”
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Association of socio-demographic and dietary factors for metabolic syndrome: A comparative study among tribal and non-tribal population by Jayshri R. Ghate, Anshita Gulati, Akanksha Mishra, Rachita Nanda, Vinay Pandit, Sandip Kumar Chandraker, Suyesh Shrivastava, Ravindra Kumar

“…After taking written informed consent from the participants, socio-demographic data was recorded through structured questionnaire. …”
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Food assistance use barriers, facilitators, and recommendations: insights from a qualitative study of racially and ethnically diverse parents by Vivienne M. Hazzard, Alicia S. Kunin-Batson, Amanda C. Trofholz, Amy E. Noser, Junia N. de Brito, Rosabella T. Pitera, Jerica M. Berge

“…The objective of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to utilising a range of food assistance resources as reported by parents living with or at risk for food insecurity (FI), as well as parents’ recommendations for improving utilisation of these resources. Qualitative data from semi-structured interviews about parents’ perspectives on interventions to address FI were analysed using a hybrid deductive/inductive thematic approach. …”
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Validation of a Questionnaire on the Post-COVID-19 Condition (Long COVID): A Cross-Sectional Study in Italy by Angelo Cianciulli, Emanuela Santoro, Roberta Manente, Antonietta Pacifico, Gianni Comunale, Marika Finizio, Mario Capunzo, Francesco De Caro, Gianluigi Franci, Giuseppina Moccia, Giovanni Boccia

“…The questionnaire was self-administered and had open and structured questions. Results: The highest value of Cronbach’s alpha was found on 18 items (alpha = 0.97), which means that the questionnaire has satisfactory internal validity. …”
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Revitalizing tetanus vaccine literacy post road accidents: a comprehensive examination of knowledge and awareness initiative among non-medical university students in Lahore, Pakist... by Fiza Ayub, Wahaj Saleem, Muhammad Awais Shahid, Muhammad Afzal Hussain Khan, Amal K. Suleiman, Laiba Akram, Sadaf Sajid, Allah Bukhsh, Mirza Rafi Baig, Tahir Mehmood Khan

“…The sample size was calculated using the Raosoft sample calculator, and participants were selected via consecutive random sampling. Data was collected through a structured, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 22.0.ResultsGender distribution was 51.6% female and 48.4% male. …”
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REM sleep behavior disorder and Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease in patients with Essential Tremor by Paulo Bugalho, Bruna Meira, André Pinho, Rita Ventura, Marta Magriço, Miguel Serôdio, Danna Krupka, Vítor Mendes Ferreira

“…PPD risk factors and prodromic markers were assessed with a structured protocol. Patients were characterized regarding tremor features. …”
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Protective attributes and behaviors related to food provisioning for food security among U.S. low-income, Mexican-born mothers of young children: a qualitative study by Amanda C. McClain, Marian Marian, Katherine L. Dickin, Jamie S. Dollahite

“…Low-income Mexican-born mothers (n = 27) of young children (≤5 years) with ≤10 years in the U.S. completed two semi-structured interviews, including a participant-driven photo elicitation interview, and responded to the 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module. …”
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Qualitative assessment of proposed visual key information pages for informed consent by Krista E. Cooksey, Eliana Goldstein, Clara Lee, Jessica Mozersky, Kimberly A. Kaphingst, Victor Catalan Gallegos, Mary C. Politi

“…Materials and methods: From October 2023 to April 2024, we conducted semi-structured interviews with principal investigators, research staff, and Institutional Review Board (IRB) personnel, including those in oversight/management, and community partners. …”
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Developing a universal precautions approach to stigma reduction in health care: Insights from clinical and non-clinical health workers by Carla Treloar, Louise Maher, Emily Lenton, Gemma Nourse, Adrian Farrugia, Kate Seear, Amy Kirwan, Sophia Schroeder, Caitlin Douglass, Loren Brener, Timothy R Broady, Virginia Wiseman, Mark Stoové, Rob Monaghan, Elena Cama

“…To further develop this approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 health workers in clinical and non-clinical roles in Australia. …”
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Factors influencing accidents and injuries in the artisanal and small-scale gold mining industry in Ghana: A case of Adadiem in the Jaman North district of Ghana by Ebenezer Kwadwo Siabi, Peter Donkor, Michael Kwasi Sieh, Kwasi Frimpong, Samuel Kofi Mensah, Sarah Elikplim Siabi, Christopher Vuu

“…This study was undertaken to determine the prevalent occupational accidents/injuries characterizing Ghana's ASGM industry and to establish the specific types and underlying causes of injuries that occur during ASGM activities as the intricate factors which wield influence over the ASGM's compliance with safety regulations in Ghana. A structured questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data from 248 survey respondents. …”
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Guiding Principles for Transformation Towards Integrated Acute Care for Older Adults Close to Home: Lessons from Nine Dutch Regional Partnerships. A Realist Evaluation by Eline D. Kroeze, Gercora Hoitinga, Susanne M. Smorenburg, Janet L. MacNeil Vroomen, Anneke J. A. H. van Vught, Bianca M. Buurman

“…We conducted a document analysis (n = 19), semi-structured interviews (n = 11) and two focus groups (n = 8). …”
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The Ethical Significance of Brain-Computer Interfaces as Enablers of Communication by Toma Gruica

“…Ethical evaluation must therefore balance the immediate benefits of temporary communicative access against the structural vulnerabilities introduced by uncertain long-term provision. …”
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Non-medical costs incurred by critically ill patients with dengue, sepsis and tetanus within a major referral hospital in Southern Vietnam: a cost of illness study by Mike English, Linda Denehy, Tingting Zhu, Ping Lu, Andrew King, Sayem Ahmed, Nguyen Lam Vuong, Hugo C Turner, Nguyen Van Hao, Sophie Yacoub, Chris Paton, Alison Holmes, Reza Razavi, Jacob McKnight, Alberto Gomez, Marc Modat, Ronald Geskus, Nguyen Thanh Dung, Lam Minh Yen, Guy Thwaites, Huynh Trung Trieu, David Clifton, Ho Quang Chanh, Evelyne Kestelyn, Le Dinh Van Khoa, Dang Trung Kien, Dong Huu Khanh Trinh, Du Hong Duc, Ho Van Hien, Luu Phuoc An, Nguyen Than Ha Quyen, Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung, Phan Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Louise Thwaites, Tran Minh Duc, Trinh Manh Hung, Hugo Turner, Le Buu Chau, Luong Thi Hue Tai, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Nguyen Quoc Viet, Nguyen Thanh Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh Phong, Phan Tu Qui, Phan Vinh Tho, Kerri Hill-Cawthorne, Stefan Karolcik, Damien Ming, Nicolas Moser, Jesus Rodriguez Manzano, Hamideh Kerdegari, Walter Karlen, Thomas Rollinson, Luigi Pisani, Marcus Schultz, Angela McBride, Natasha Ali, Liane Canas, Thanh Nguyen Nguyen, Mau Toan Le, Phuc Hau Nguyen, Thanh Phong Nguyen, Thi Hue Tai Luong, Buu Chau Le, Ba Thanh Pham, Thi Trang Khiet Tieu, Thi Diem Thuy Tran, Minh Yen Lam, Dang Phuong Thao, Doan BuiXuan Thy, HoBich Hai, Le Thanh Phuong, Le Thuy Thuy Khanh, Luu Hoai Bao Tran, Nguyen Quang Huy, Nguyen Thanh Ngoc, Nguyen Thi Giang, Phung Khanh Lam, Phung TranHuy Nhat, Jennifer IloVan Nuil, Vo Tan Hoang, Vu NgoThanh Huyen, Le Mau Toan, Le NgocMinh Thu, Le Thi Mai Thao, Nguyen ThiKim Anh, Nguyen VanThanh Duoc, Pham KieuNguyet Oanh, Phan Thi Hong Van, Truong Thi Phuong Thao, Jannis Hagenah, Miguel Xochicale

“…Introduction Improving the knowledge of the costs of critical care is vital for informing health policy. However, cost data remain limited, particularly for low- and middle-income countries. …”
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Examining gender equality, diversity, and inclusion: a case study of the challenges and opportunities in community extension programs in a select philippine university by Rowena Raton-Hibanada, Nilo Jayoma Castulo, Nilo Jayoma Castulo, Jayson L. de Vera, Jayson L. de Vera, Jayson L. de Vera, Analyn C. Bituin, Analyn C. Bituin, Alvin B. Barcelona, Alvin B. Barcelona, Iona Ofelia B. Zanoria, Iona Ofelia B. Zanoria, Zyralie L. Bedural, Zyralie L. Bedural, James V. Bailon, Ma. Laarni D. Buenaventura, Ma. Laarni D. Buenaventura, Ma. Laarni D. Buenaventura, Carl O. Dellomos, Carl O. Dellomos

“…A qualitative case study design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with eight faculty members from five campuses at Y University. …”
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Evidence-based medicine: 5 steps to navigate uncertainty by Rafael Martín-Masot, Carlos Ochoa Sangrador, Jaime Javier Cuervo Valdés, Carolina Blanco Rodríguez, Paz González Rodríguez, Javier González de Dios, M. Salomé Albi Rodríguez, Pilar Aizpurua Galdeano, María Aparicio Rodrigo, Nieves Balado Insunza, Albert Balaguer Santamaría, Fernando Carvajal Encina, Eduardo Cuestas Montañes, M. Jesús Esparza Olcina, Sergio Flores Villar, Garazi Frailea Astorga, M. Victoria Martínez Rubio, Manuel Molina Arias, Eduardo Ortega Páez, Begoña Pérez-Moneo Agapito, M. José Rivero Martín, Álvaro Gimeno Díaz de Atauri, Laura Cabrera Morente, Elena Pérez González, Juan Ruiz-Canela Cáceres

“…Evidence-based medicine provides a structured and practical approach for addressing the challenges of modern medicine, which is characterized by an overload of information and the need for well-founded clinical decision-making. …”
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Poor sleep quality among bedtime smartphone user medical students in Ethiopia, 2024 by Dereje Esubalew, Amare Mebrat Delie, Liknaw Workie Limenh, Nigus Kassie Worku, Eneyew Talie Fenta, Mickiale Hailu, Alemwork Abie, Molla Getie Mehari, Tenagnework Eseyneh Dagnaw, Mihret Melese

“…Subject and methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 354 undergraduate medical students selected through simple random sampling from Debre Marko's University, the University of Gondar, and Debre Berhan University. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and structured interviews. …”
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Application of family-centered care in cardiac surgery: a scoping review by Duo Zhang, Haoyang Zheng, Yong Gan, Xichen Chai, Ying Zeng, Xiaoyan Yu, Wencan Cheng, Ya Zhao, Zelin Chen, Yanrong Zhou

“…The results were organized and synthesized using a structured spreadsheet. Results A total of 23 studies were included, 95.65% of which were quantitative, spanning nine countries. …”
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