Normative Ideology, Transgressive Aesthetics: Depicting and Exploring the Urban Underworld in Oliver Twist (1838), Twist (2003) and Boy Called Twist (2004) by Clémence Folléa

“…In his preface to Oliver Twist, Dickens insists that his depiction of the London underworld is deprived of ‘allurements and fascinations’, and states his didactic ambition to offer a realistic description of this grim universe. …”
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Crimillegal Orders: Revisiting Organized Crime’s Political Power by Markus Schultze-Kraft

“…Taking recourse to the conceptions of political order put forward by Weber, Fukuyama and North, Wallis and Weingast, I explain how regular patterns of social exchange and interaction - involving public and private, and state and non-state actors - that span an assumed divide between the realms of legality (“legitimate upper world”) and criminality (“illegitimate underworld”) influence the character, shape and evolution of political order. …”
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Beyond Anything Realism Can Represent? Monstrous Crime in Marx’s Victorian Novel by Jayson Althofer

“…Murdered in her workplace, Walkley inhabits an underworld overpopulated by fellow workers killed by wage-labour. …”
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