Review of Acoustic Emission Detection Technology for Valve Internal Leakage: Mechanisms, Methods, Challenges, and Application Prospects by Dongjie Zheng, Xing Wang, Lingling Yang, Yunqi Li, Hui Xia, Haochuan Zhang, Xiaomei Xiang

“…Internal leakage within the valve body constitutes a severe potential safety hazard in industrial fluid control systems, attributable to its high concealment and the resultant difficulty in detection via conventional methodologies. …”
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Influenza A Virus Production Following Quality by Design Principles by Tilia Zinnecker, Kristin Thiele, Timo Schmidberger, Yvonne Genzel, Udo Reichl

“…Implementing Quality by Design (QbD) principles can support process optimization, while streamlining the chemistry, manufacturing, and control aspects for regulatory approval. …”
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Standardization and characterization of Mohanthal using response surface methodology by M. B. Chaudhary, K. Jayaraj Rao, Ankit Bihola, Shaikh Adil

“…Quadratic models developed for key attributes, such as sensory scores, textural parameters, and browning index, demonstrated excellent predictive capabilities with R2 values exceeding 0.90, confirming the robustness of the optimization approach. …”
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The Rapid Detection of Foreign Fibers in Seed Cotton Based on Hyperspectral Band Selection and a Lightweight Neural Network by Yeqi Fei, Zhenye Li, Dongyi Wang, Chao Ni

“…Moreover, this methodology demonstrates broad applicability for quality control in agricultural product processing.…”
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A Passive Radar System for Monitoring of Coastal Areas Ship Traffic Using Satellite Illumination Signals by Nguyen Van Quan

“…Materials and methods. Mathematical modeling, theory of signals, methods of digital signal processing. …”
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A Unification Between Deep-Learning Vision, Compartmental Dynamical Thermodynamics, and Robotic Manipulation for a Circular Economy by Federico Zocco, Wassim M. Haddad, Andrea Corti, Monica Malvezzi

“…We begin by reviewing the literature of the three abovementioned research areas, then we introduce the proposed unified framework and we report the initial application of the framework to plastics systems along with initial simulation results of reinforcement-learning control of robotic waste sorting. This shows the framework applicability, generality, scalability, and the similarity and difference between the optimization of artificial neural systems and the proposed compartmental networks. …”
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Age-related diseases and menopausal hormone therapy – focus on progestogens by E. N. Kareva

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A comprehensive protocol for PDMS fabrication for use in cell culture. by Aisling J Greaney, Clíona M McCarthy, Jishnu Padacherri Vethil, Mannthalah Abubaker, Erin C Reardon, Frederick D Crowley, Eoghan M Cunnane, John J E Mulvihill

“…Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates are widely used in cell culture for their ability to simulate tissue stiffness, but their optimization presents several challenges. Fabrication requires precise control over mixing, weighing, and curing to ensure reproducible mechanical properties. …”
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Integrating UAVs and RISs in Future Wireless Networks: A Review and Tutorial on IoTs and Vehicular Communications by Mohsen Eskandari, Andrey V. Savkin

“…This review covers essential areas such as channel modeling and position-aware beamforming in dynamic networks, including UAVs and IoVs. …”
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Research on switch migration method based on minimum cost path by Yingxu LAI, Yewei PU, Jing LIU

“…In order to protect the controller,especially the controller in backbone network,from security threats and attacks,improve the security of the software-defined network (SDN) control plane,a switch migration algorithm based on minimum cost path was proposed.A load prediction module was added to the migration model,which executed a controller load prediction algorithm to obtain a load prediction matrix,and then a migration-target controller set was determined according to the load prediction matrix.The improved Dijkstra algorithm was used to determine the minimum cost path.According to the load state of the controller and the traffic priority of the switch to be migrated,the optimal migration switch set was determined.The problem of isolated nodes was solved that may occur during the migration process.The experimental results show that the migration timing of the algorithm is more reasonable,the selection of the migration controller and the target controller is more reasonable,the load balancing of the control plane is realized,the number of migrations and cost are reduced,and the performance of the controller is improved.…”
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A technical survey on mechanism and influence factors for asphalt pavement skid-resistance by Xiyin Liu, Haoyuan Luo, Can Chen, Leyi Zhu, Siyu Chen, Tao Ma, Xiaoming Huang

“…The optimized aggregates and asphalt binders, reasonable gradation, reasonable geometric design, and strict construction quality control are necessary for good initial skid-resistance. …”
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Effects of osthole on renal tubular epithelial cell injury and Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway induced by high glucose，hypoxia and reoxygenation by Han Ming-yue, Ding Yue-mei, Song Kai-yun

“…ObjectiveTo explore the effects of osthole on renal tubular epithelial cell damage and Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway induced by high glucose，hypoxia and reoxygenation.MethodsHuman renal tubular epithelial cells HK-2 were cultured in high-glucose medium and subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation treatment to establish a cellular model.CCK-8 experiment was utilized for detecting the effects of 0，10，20，40，80，160 µg/ml osthole on its growth and screen the optimal concentration.HK-2 cells were divided into control，model，osthole （80 µg/ml），ML385 （Nrf2 inhibitor，20 nmol/ml） and osthole （80 µg/ml）+ML385 （20 nmol/ml） groups.Except for control group，the other groups were induced for establishing cellular models.After high glucose，hypoxia and reoxygenation，CCK-8 experiment was utilized for detecting cellular viability in each group.Kits were employed for measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species （reactive oxygen species，ROS），glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px），malondialdehyde （MDA），lactate dehydrogenase （LDH），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），interleukin-6 （IL-6） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）； Immunofluorescence for detecting the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway protein； Western blot for detecting the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway protein.ResultsCompared with control group，HK-2 cellular viability （100±0 <italic>vs</italic> 43.47±6.14），cellular GSH-Px level （9.53±1.64 <italic>vs</italic> 3.25±0.32） and cellular Nrf2 protein （1.78±0.30 <italic>vs</italic> 0.89±0.12） were markedly down-regulated in model group （all <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）； the levels of ROS （1.13±0.17 <italic>vs</italic> 6.52±1.03） and TNF-α spiked markedly （all <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）.Compared with model and osthole + ML385 groups，HK-2 cellular viability （43.47±6.14，44.83±7.06 <italic>vs</italic> 87.76±9.42），cellular GSH-Px level （3.25±0.32，3.27±0.38 <italic>vs</italic> 9.07±1.78） and cellular Nrf2 protein （0.89±0.12，0.90±0.18 <italic>vs</italic> 1.74±0.26） rose in osthole group （<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）； ROS （6.52±1.03，6.47±0.96 <italic>vs</italic> 1.59±0.21） and TNF-α declined （both <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）； HK-2 cellular viability （43.47±6.14，44.83±7.06 <italic>vs</italic> 24.80±3.79），cellular GSH-Px level （3.25±0.32，3.27±0.38 <italic>vs</italic> 0.88±0.15） and cellular Nrf2 protein （0.89±0.12，0.90±0.18 <italic>vs</italic> 0.30±0.05） decreased in ML385 group （all <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）； ROS （6.52±1.03，6.47±0.96 <italic>vs</italic> 9.76±2.02） and TNF-α increased （all <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）.ConclusionOsthole can up-regulate the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway protein，suppress ROS and inflammatory factors production induced by high glucose，hypoxia and reoxygenation，thereby relieving oxidative stress and inflammation and lessening the damage of renal tubular epithelial cells.…”
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Phasor estimation using micro-phasor measurement unit (μPMU) in distribution network for situational awareness by B. Deepa, Santoshkumar Hampannavar, Swapna Mansani

“…This study demonstrates the robustness and precision of the µPMU model, highlighting its potential for enhancing real-time monitoring and control in smart grid applications.…”
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Association of bundled care interventions in improving outcomes for pediatric patients with congenital heart disease: a retrospective clinical evaluation by Li Zhang, Li Zhang, Yu-Ting Song

“…Pediatric patients (n = 136) under 14 years of age diagnosed with CHD were included, with 70 receiving Bundled Care Interventions (observation group) and 66 receiving conventional care (control group). The bundled care model included preoperative education, optimized intraoperative management, personalized postoperative rehabilitation, home-based care, and medication management. …”
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Design of Variable Steering Ratio for Steer-by-Wire System Based on Driver’s Steering Characteristics by Kun Yang, Haobin Jiang, Long Chen, Yixiao Chen, Bin Tang

“…Through the analysis of the influencing factors of the steering ratio and the analysis of the driver’s steering characteristics, a yaw rate gain control model is established. Combined with the evaluation index of handling stability, the yaw rate gain is optimized, and the optimal yaw rate gain corresponding to different scenarios and different drivers’ steering characteristics is determined, so as to design the characteristics of the variable steering ratio that meet the preferences of different drivers. …”
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Deep Learning-Based MPPT Approach to Enhance CubeSat Power Generation by Abdulazez Abagero, Yoseph Abebe, Abera Tullu, Young Seok Jung, Sunghun Jung

“…The dataset was divided into 70% for training, 15% for testing, and 15% for validation to develop the DFFNN model. The trained DFFNN was integrated into a Simulink model and tested under variable illumination conditions. …”
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Preliminary Study on Cooperative Route Planning Reinforcement Learning with a Focus on Avoiding Intersection Congestion by Shintaro Katagiri, Tomio Miwa, Kosuke Nishijima

“…To investigate the feasibility of avoiding intersection conflicts through network-level route allocation, we propose a cooperative route allocation model using reinforcement learning than can model the relationship between the complex traffic environment and optimal route solutions. …”
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The Comparison and Selection of a Warm Mix Agent for Asphalt Based on Fuzzy Hierarchical Analysis by Haowu Wang, Shengkai Sun, Sen Hu

“…Three warm mix agents were selected for market research and indoor testing. And the evaluation model was applied to process the data. The calculation results show that the technical indicators have the greatest influence, with a weight proportion of 0.493; WM-2 had the best comprehensive evaluation, with a comprehensive score of 0.96, and its optimal mixing amount was 0.3%. …”
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Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch of Electric-Thermal Integrated Energy System Considering CCGT-P2HH-CAES and Demand Response by HE Liangce, ZHANG Yifei, LU Zhigang, CAI Yao

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Study on the propagation law of hydraulic fractures in heterogeneous permeability reservoirs. by Linhao Zou, Yinao Su, Xingsheng Xu, Wei Li, Huan Zhao, Mingxiu Zhang, Shengjie Jiao

“…The development of unconventional oil and gas resources is increasingly shifting toward heterogeneous reservoirs with complex permeability distributions, making the effective control of hydraulic fracture propagation patterns critical for optimizing production. …”
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