Machine Learning Model for Predicting Global Ionospheric TEC Maps Based on Constraint Conditions by Qingfeng Li, Hanxian Fang, Chao Xiao, Die Duan, Hongtao Huang, Ganming Ren

“…The results show that the PGVAE-label model has superior TEC prediction capability, producing TEC prediction maps with the lowest average root-mean-square error values of 1.79, 1.80, and 1.83 TECU, and that the PGVAE-label model is also superior to the PGVAE and CODE models in the region of the peak ionospheric structure. …”
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Déjouer les dominations et les contraintes en ligne : un état des connaissances by Françoise DAUCÉ, Ksenia ERMOSHINA, Bella OSTROMOOUKHOVA

“…Web professionals, digital freedom activists, hackers and ordinary users create alternative knowledge or devise solutions to get round these constraints, typically on small scales with actions that are rooted in the materiality of the network. …”
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Large-Scale Completion of Ionospheric TEC Maps Using Machine Learning Models With Constraints Conditions by Qingfeng Li, Hanxian Fang, Chao Xiao, Die Duan, Hongtao Huang, Ganming Ren

“…Results show that the CGVAE-label model excels in TEC completion, achieving a mean structural similarity of 93.80% and a root mean square error of 2.20 TECU. It outperforms the baseline CGVAE model, particularly in reconstructing peak ionospheric structures. …”
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Velocity-Constraint Kalman Filtering for Enhanced Bubble Tracking in Motion-Compensated Ultrasound Localization Microscopy by Yifei Zhu, Lingyin Jiang, Qi Zhang, Jun Yin, Bingze Du, Guofeng Zhang, Haijun Zhang, Bo Ding, Han Lin, Honghui Xue, Xiasheng Guo, Xiao-Yang Zhang, Jing-Ning Zhu, Dong Zhang, Juan Tu, Ning Gu

“…Furthermore, velocity constraint was applied to minimize possible erroneous traces and enhance the contrast-to-noise ratio of ULM images, while ensuring the continuity of vascular reconstruction and the accuracy of the blood flow analysis to generate a reduced normalized root mean square error in velocity estimation, even at a relatively low frame rate of 146 Hz. …”
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Allelopathic and auto-toxic effects of aqueous extracts of Codonopsis pilosula root secretions. by Daiyu Qiu, Xue Wang, Fengbin Xu, Qian Li, Fengying Ren, Kan Jiang

“…To mitigate the constraints associated with the continuous cropping of C. pilosula, this study examined the impact of aqueous extracts from the root exudates at various developmental stages on seed germination and seedling growth. …”
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The Influence of Soil pH on Citrus Root Morphology and Nutrient Uptake Efficiency by Duplicate Sambani, Tripti Vashisth, Diane B. Bright, Davie M. Kadyampakeni

“…This study aimed to investigate the influence of soil pH on citrus root morphology, nutrient uptake dynamics, and overall root health. …”
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Method and Validation of Real‐Time Global Ionosphere Modeling Constraint by Multi‐Source GNSS/LEO Data by Jun Chen, Xiaodong Ren, Guozhen Xu, Pengxin Yang, Hang Liu, Xiaohong Zhang

“…During the experimental period, the mean differences of SGG Post‐GIM and SGG RT‐GIM relative to GIMs provided by the international Global Navigation Satellite System service, named IGSG, are −0.46 and −0.57 Total Electron Content Unit (TECU), respectively. The corresponding Root Mean Square (RMS) values are 1.64 and 3.08 TECU. …”
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Optimizing the Shape of Faster-Than-Nyquist (FTN) Signals With the Constraint on Energy Concentration in the Occupied Frequency Bandwidth by Sergey B. Makarov, Mingxin Liu, Anna S. Ovsyannikova, Sergey V. Zavjalov, Ilya I. Lavrenyuk, Wei Xue, Junwei Qi

“…This article proposes to synthesize optimal FTN signals that are more compact in the spectrum than RRC (root raised cosine) pulses-based signals. The criterion of maximum energy concentration in the occupied frequency bandwidth and the constraint on the cross-correlation coefficient are used to solve the optimization problem. …”
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Spatiotemporal Profiling of the Pathogen Complex Causing Common Bean Root Rot in China by Li Yang, Xiao-Hong Lu, Bo-Ming Wu, Zeng-Ming Zhong, Shi-Dong Li

“…Root rot, a globally devastating disease of common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.), remains a major constraint on bean production across China. …”
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Research on formant estimation algorithm for high order optimal LPC root value screening by Hua LONG, Shumeng SU

“…The root determination threshold, optimal LP root value distribution, peak distribution of formant in spectral envelope and formant estimation error of speech digital resonance model constraints under different orders are investigated. …”
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Study of root and shoot characteristics in reaction to drought stress in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by mandana Safavi, saeed Malekzadeh Shafaroudi, ali Ganjeali, abodol reza Bagheri

“…Drought is the main constraint limiting chickpea productivity which makes a considerable difference between the potential and actual yield. …”
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The Effectiveness of Linear and Nonlinear Pedagogical Approaches in Team-Invasion Ball Sports: A Systematic Review by Liam Bromilow, Nikki Milne, Carl T. Woods, Caroline K. Dowsett, Justin W. L. Keogh

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The role of strigolactone structural diversity in the host specificity and control of Striga, a major constraint to sub‐Saharan agriculture by Mahdere Z. Shimels, Stefano Rendine, Carolien Ruyter‐Spira, Patrick J. Rich, Gebisa Ejeta, Harro J. Bouwmeester

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Listening to the wind in the trees: meaning, interpretation and literary theory by H. du Plooy

“… In this article the literary theories which dominated textual studies during the twentieth century are discussed briefly, indicating the philosophical roots of these theories. The article points out that whereas theories during the greater part of the twentieth century tended to encourage a more “open” approach to meaning and textuality, there are clear indications of a new awareness of textual constraints in the last decade. …”
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Where do we go from here? Method and pedagogy in language teaching by Ur Penny

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Where do we go from here? Method and pedagogy in language teaching by Penny Ur

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An art-science perspective on artificial intelligence creativity: From problem finding to materiality and embodied cognition by Robert Root-Bernstein

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Internal fossil constraints have more effect on the age estimates of crown Palaeognathae than different phylogenomic data type by Alexandre Pedro Selvatti, Naoko Takezaki

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Identification and Evaluation of the Main Constraints on Cotton Production Within a Collective Drip Irrigation System in Southern Xinjiang, China by Zhanghao Sun, Zhen Wang, Jiusheng Li

“…Excessive irrigation depths (>500 mm) and coarse soil texture (sand content > 70%) were identified as the main constraints, affecting more than 45% of the plant area in the CDIS based on boundary line analysis (a typical analysis method to study the responses between variables) The results from the DISs revealed that the two constraints directly affected the soil moisture and soil inorganic nitrogen in the root zone, which reduced the effectiveness of irrigation and fertilization under drip irrigation. …”
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Leveraging petrophysical and geological constraints for AI-driven predictions of total organic carbon (TOC) and hardness in unconventional reservoir prospects by Nandito Davy, Ammar El-Husseiny, Umair bin Waheed, Korhan Ayranci, Manzar Fawad, Mohamed Mahmoud, Nicholas B. Harris

“…Data from five wells in the Horn River Basin (HRB) comprising 6366 data points were analyzed, with TOC and hardness values for 612 and 3492 points, respectively. Petrophysical constraints were derived from triple combo well logs (gamma ray, bulk density, neutron porosity), while geological constraints included stratigraphic data or spatial distance between training and target wells—petrophysical constraints most improved predictions, while stratigraphic and spatial constraints had progressively less impact. …”
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