Chest CT in Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Narrative Review of Imaging Patterns and Their Prognostic Significance by Mehrshad Dabbagh, Mohammad Amin Shajareh Pour Salavati, Yas Zeinaly Parizi

“…UIP pattern on HRCT is strongly associated with IPF and confers a worse prognosis compared to NSIP or other non-UIP patterns. …”
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Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative delirium in older patients with hip fracture: protocol for a randomised controlled trial by Liang Zhang, Hui Zhang, Hongyan Zhou, Ailin Song

“…The findings will be published in the international peer-reviewed academic journals and presented orally at academic conferences.Trial registration number ChiCTR2400085508.…”
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Genetic Basis of Reproductive Isolation in Torrey Pine (Pinus torreyana Parry): Insights From Hybridization and Adaptation by Lionel N. Di Santo, Alayna Mead, Jessica W. Wright, Jill A. Hamilton

“…SNPs with reduced F1 heterozygosity were enriched for growth and pollination functions, suggesting genetic variants that could be involved in the evolution of reproductive barriers between populations. …”
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Shortest-path network analysis is a useful approach toward identifying genetic determinants of longevity. by J R Managbanag, Tarynn M Witten, Danail Bonchev, Lindsay A Fox, Mitsuhiro Tsuchiya, Brian K Kennedy, Matt Kaeberlein

“…Further, we report the identification of previously unknown longevity genes, several of which function in a conserved longevity pathway believed to mediate life span extension in response to dietary restriction.…”
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Genetic association analysis of ATP binding cassette protein family reveals a novel association of ABCB1 genetic variants with epilepsy risk, but not with drug-resistance. by Shabeesh Balan, Sumitha Prameela Bharathan, Neetha Nanoth Vellichiramal, Sanish Sathyan, Vijai Joseph, Kurupath Radhakrishnan, Moinak Banerjee

“…We conclude that the ABCB1 and ABCG2 variants do not confer to AED-resistance in the study population. …”
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Comparative (meta)genomic analysis and ecological profiling of human gut-specific bacteriophage φB124-14. by Lesley A Ogilvie, Jonathan Caplin, Cinzia Dedi, David Diston, Elizabeth Cheek, Lucas Bowler, Huw Taylor, James Ebdon, Brian V Jones

“…In doing so we illuminate a fraction of the biological dark matter extant in this ecosystem and its surrounding eco-genomic landscape, identifying a novel and uncharted bacteriophage gene-space in this community. φB124-14 infects only a subset of closely related gut-associated Bacteroides fragilis strains, and the circular genome encodes functions previously found to be rare in viral genomes and human gut viral metagenome sequences, including those which potentially confer advantages upon phage and/or host bacteria. …”
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Tensor decomposition reveals concurrent evolutionary convergences and divergences and correlations with structural motifs in ribosomal RNA. by Chaitanya Muralidhara, Andrew M Gross, Robin R Gutell, Orly Alter

“…This demonstrates that structural motifs involved in rRNA folding and function are evolutionary degrees of freedom. Third, two previously unknown coexisting subgenic relationships between Microsporidia and Archaea are revealed in both the 16S and 23S rRNA alignments, a convergence and a divergence, conferred by insertions and deletions of these motifs, which cannot be described by a single hierarchy. …”
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Combined Randomised and Observational Study of Surgery for Type B Ankle Fracture Treatment (CROSSBAT) Minimum 5 Year Follow-Up by Rajat Mittal PhD, Michael Symes FRACS, MBBS, MPH, Ryan O'Keefe MBBS, Justine Naylor PhD, Ian Harris PhD

“…Surgery was not superior for ankle function score or SF-12v2 compared with non-surgical group in the randomised or observational cohorts. …”
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The efflux pump SugE2 involved in protection of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- against quaternary ammonium salts and inhibition of virulence. by Yuqi Tian, Yaya Wen, Xueying Wang, Youkun Zhang, Xilong Kang, Chuang Meng, Zhiming Pan, Xinan Jiao, Dan Gu

“…In conclusion, our findings provide the pivotal role of the SugE2 efflux pump in conferring resistance to DDAB disinfectants and influencing bacterial virulence in S. 4,[5],12:i:-.…”
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Comparative effects of transcatheter versus surgical pulmonary valve replacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Bunchai Chongmelaxme, Kok Pim Kua, Chanokpol Amornvetchayakul, Nichapond Chawviriyathep, Thunyapat Kerdklinhom

“…All patients who had undergone valve replacement showed improvements in heart function and experienced relevant post-procedural complications.…”
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NEK7 induces lactylation in Alzheimer’s disease to promote pyroptosis in BV-2 cells by Jing Cheng, Hui Zhao

“…Furthermore, AD mice with NEK7 knockdown exhibited shorter escape latencies and increased time spent in the target quadrant, suggesting that NEK7 inhibition improved cognitive function and memory retention. Mechanistically, Aβ treatment induced histone lactylation in BV-2 cells, and suppression of lactylation attenuated NEK7 transcriptional activity and mRNA levels. …”
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Improved detection of microbiome-disease associations via population structure-aware generalized linear mixed effects models (microSLAM). by Miriam Goldman, Chunyu Zhao, Katherine S Pollard

“…Step two calculates the association between population structure and the trait, enabling detection of species for which a subset of related strains confer risk. To identify specific genes whose presence/absence across diverse strains is associated with the trait, step three models the trait as a function of gene occurrence plus random effects estimated from step two. …”
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Significant Microsynteny with New Evolutionary Highlights Is Detected through Comparative Genomic Sequence Analysis of Maize CCCH IX Gene Subfamily by Wei-Jun Chen, Yang Zhao, Xiao-Jian Peng, Qing Dong, Jing Jin, Wei Zhou, Bei-Jiu Cheng, Qing Ma

“…Finally, we investigated the evolutionary patterns of some gene pairs conferring tolerance to abiotic stress, laying the foundation for future functional studies of these transcription factors.…”
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Cas12h is a crRNA-guided DNA nickase that can be utilized for precise gene editing by Wenwen Xiang, Xiaofeng Lin, Yunqian Yang, Linglong Huang, Ying Chen, Jiyun Chen, Liang Liu

“…Summary: Type V-H CRISPR-Cas system, an important subtype of type V CRISPR-Cas systems, has remained enigmatic in terms of its structure and function despite being discovered several years ago. …”
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High‐affinity interactions and signal transduction between Aβ oligomers and TREM2 by Christian B Lessard, Samuel L Malnik, Yingyue Zhou, Thomas B Ladd, Pedro E Cruz, Yong Ran, Thomas E Mahan, Paramita Chakrabaty, David M Holtzman, Jason D Ulrich, Marco Colonna, Todd E Golde

“…Abstract Rare coding variants in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) are associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but how they confer this risk remains uncertain. We assessed binding of TREM2, AD‐associated TREM2 variants to various forms of Aβ and APOE in multiple assays. …”
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Neuroprotective potential of quercetin in Alzheimer’s disease: targeting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and amyloid-β aggregation by Mohd Adnan, Mohd Adnan, Arif Jamal Siddiqui, Fevzi Bardakci, Malvi Surti, Malvi Surti, Riadh Badraoui, Mitesh Patel, Mitesh Patel

“…It preserved mitochondrial integrity by stabilizing ΔΨm and inhibited AChE activity, thereby supporting cholinergic function. Additionally, quercetin reduced Aβ aggregation and the formation of toxic amyloid fibrils.DiscussionThese findings suggest that quercetin confers neuroprotection by targeting multiple pathological mechanisms involved in AD, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, AChE activity and Aβ aggregation. …”
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Targeting the Electron Transport System for Enhanced Longevity by Marko Radovic, Lucas P. Gartzke, Simon E. Wink, Joris A. van der Kleij, Frouwkje A. Politiek, Guido Krenning

“…Both compounds mimic caloric restriction, shift metabolism toward a catabolic state, and confer preclinical—and, in the case of metformin, clinical—longevity benefits. …”
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Epigenetic priming of mammalian embryonic enhancer elements coordinates developmental gene networks by Christopher D. Todd, Jannat Ijaz, Fereshteh Torabi, Oleksandr Dovgusha, Stephen Bevan, Olivia Cracknell, Tim Lohoff, Stephen Clark, Ricard Argelaguet, Juliette Pierce, Ioannis Kafetzopoulos, Alice Santambrogio, Jennifer Nichols, Ferdinand von Meyenn, Ufuk Günesdogan, Stefan Schoenfelder, Wolf Reik

“…We show that epigenetic priming occurs at lineage-specific enhancers for all three germ layers and that epigenetic priming of enhancers confers lineage-specific regulation of key developmental gene networks. …”
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Overexpression of chitinase PbChia1 from Plasmodiophora brassicae improves broad-spectrum disease resistance of Arabidopsis by Yanli Zhao, Chao Li, Xingfu Chen, Jiasen Cheng, Jiatao Xie, yang lin, Yanping Fu, Daohong Jiang, Tao Chen

“…However, there has been no report about the function of chitinase in P. brassicae. Here, wheat germ agglutinin staining and commercial chitinase treatment demonstrated that chitin is a functional component in P. brassicae. …”
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Potential protective regulatory effects on radiation−induced esophageal injury in TUT4−/− mice by Huiwen Ren, Wei Li, Zhigang Fan, Jianlin Wang, Zhiqiang Sun, Renhua Huang, Judong Luo, Bo Gao

“…IntroductionTerminal uridyl transferase 4 (TUT4), a nucleotide transferase that modifies miRNA sequences, plays a critical role in regulating miRNA target interactions and function. However, its involvement in radiation-induced esophageal injury remains poorly understood.MethodsTo investigate this, we performed computational analysis of RNA-seq data from irradiated esophageal tissues of wild-type and TUT4-knockout (TUT4–/–) mice, identifying 53 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), of which 30 were upregulated and 23 downregulated.ResultsGene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed that these DEmRNAs were significantly associated with biological processes including lipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, proteolysis, and broader metabolic functions. …”
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