A Convex Variational Interactive Model with Projection Method for Digital Images Partitioning by Abdul Kadir Jumaat, Mohamed Ammareza Mohamed Shariff, Nuruljannah Khairunnizam

“…This stems from the utilisation of a complex penalty term and the approximation of the regularisation term during the energy minimisation phase, which also impacts the accuracy of the partitioning results. …”
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Engineering in NIR‐responsive photothermal materials and their application in wound healing administration by Alsharafi Bassam, Mengxuan Du, Yuan Li, Xiaojun He

“…Abstract Wound healing is a complex process that involves multiple stages and is susceptible to various challenges, such as infection, insufficient blood flow, and the body's inadequate response to the healing process, which can be life‐threatening for the patient. …”
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A Novel Dangerous Goods Detection Network Based on Multi-Layer Attention Mechanism in X-Ray Baggage Images by Xu Yang, Ting Lan, Yili Xu

“…This paper proposes a novel dangerous goods detection network (DGDN) designed to address the challenges of detecting dangerous goods in complex X-ray baggage images. In the network, a multilevel refinement (MR) module is designed to improve multi-level feature representation, enabling the network to capture varied goods sizes and overlapping structures effectively. …”
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Heat Transfer and Pressure Loss Performance of Additively Manufactured Metamaterials in Annular Channels by Emanuele Vaglio, Federico Scalzo, Marco Sortino, Luca Casarsa

“…Additive manufacturing is revolutionizing the production of thermo-fluidic devices by enabling the creation of a wide variety of complex architectures, significantly enhancing performance and efficiency. …”
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Route Optimization for UGVs: A Systematic Analysis of Applications, Algorithms and Challenges by Dario Fernando Yépez-Ponce, William Montalvo, Ximena Alexandra Guamán-Gavilanes, Mauricio David Echeverría-Cadena

“…Fifty-seven percent of the recent studies focus on UGV optimization, with prominent applications in agriculture, aiming to maximize efficiency and reduce costs. Heuristic algorithms, such as Humpback Whale Optimization, Firefly Search and Particle Swarm Optimization, are commonly employed to solve complex search problems. …”
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ILN-YOLOv8: A Lightweight Image Recognition Model for Crimped Wire Connectors by Xiaojian Zhou, Jicheng Kan, Nur Fatin Liyana Mohd Rosely, Xu Duan, Jiajing Cai, Zihan Zhou

“…Additionally, the Efficient Local Attention(ELA) attention mechanism is introduced into the Cryptographic Service Provider(CSP) bottleneck with 2 convolutions(C2F) module in the Backbone, improving feature localization accuracy without increasing network complexity. …”
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Chemical analysis using miniaturized and Portable 3D printed systems: Where are we now? by Miryam Perrucci, Imran Ali, Fotouh R. Mansour, Halil I. Ulusoy, Songül Ulusoy, Abuzar Kabir, Ornella Abollino, Agnese Giacomino, Paolo Inaudi, Marcello Locatelli, Erika Maria Ricci

“…Each component has been subject to miniaturization, with careful attention to preserving analytical sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy when applied to real samples. …”
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Comparative study of data-based and covariance-based methods for flutter derivative identification of a trussed deck suspension bridge model with wind tunnel validation by Hoang Trong Lam, Phan Duc Tam, Vo Duy Hung

“…These findings provide practical guidance for selecting suitable identification strategies and underscore the potential of SSI methods—particularly SSI_data—for real-time aeroelastic analysis of long-span bridges operating in complex, turbulence-prone wind environments.…”
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Energy Management of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Autonomous Driving in a Following Environment Based on Fuzzy Adaptive PID Control by Jixin Wang, Yujin Zhou

“…This association pattern can determine good results in most cases, but it has drawbacks such as low robustness, poor energy-saving effect, and low safety under complex driving conditions such as the following environments. …”
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Monocular depth estimation via a detail semantic collaborative network for indoor scenes by Wen Song, Xu Cui, Yakun Xie, Guohua Wang, Jiexi Ma

“…Abstract Monocular image depth estimation is crucial for indoor scene reconstruction, and it plays a significant role in optimizing building energy efficiency, indoor environment modeling, and smart space design. …”
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A Trajectory Data-Driven Study on the Evolution Mechanism and Control Strategies of Lane-Changing Behavior in Intersection Areas of Expressways by Jiayou Wu, Yongwei Lei, Shaoliu Liu, Qiang Luo

“…Vehicle interactions in weaving sections are relatively frequent and complex, posing significant challenges to traffic congestion management and safety. …”
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A Frequency-Aware Transformer for Multiscale Fault Diagnosis in Electrical Machines by Yurim Choi, Inwhee Joe

“…However, conventional fault diagnosis methods struggle to effectively capture complex time-frequency patterns, limiting their ability to perform early fault detection and accurate classification. …”
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Methodology for determining and controlling the load capacity of integrated circuits by Gennady P. Shopin, Alina A. Denisyuk, Mikhail N. Piganov

“…Performs the functions of selecting the initial and maximum values of load elements, the signal level by which the load capacity is determined. …”
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Effects of walking long distances by ECD learners in Shamva district, Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe by Lucky Mutonhodza

“…It is unearthed that when ECD learners walk long distances to school, it is a complex and heterogeneous problem that can lead to several issues. …”
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Modeling Passengers’ Reserved Time Before High-Speed Rail Departure by Zhenyu Zhang, Jian Wang

“…Understanding how passengers select their PDRV is not only important for developing effective strategies to improve HSR efficiency but also for optimizing the integration between HSR hubs and urban transportation networks. …”
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Research on collaborative scheduling strategies of multi-agent agricultural machinery groups by Ziyi Wang, Fan Zhang, Shiji Ma, Hailong Wang, Shunyao Zhang, Xiaozhong Gao

“…In this study, three dispatch centers were selected within the maize growing area of Hebei Province, and comparative analyses were conducted for 20, 40, 50, 100 and 120 farmlands, respectively.The results indicate that the MCMPP-DRL algorithm achieves a reduction in total scheduling costs of at least 9.66%, 14.34% and 24.41% compared to Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Simulated Annealing (SA) and Genetic Algorithms(GA), respectively.The significant optimization in scheduling costs demonstrates that the MCMPP-DRL algorithm establishes a robust theoretical foundation and offers technical support for addressing complex scheduling problems involving multiple dispatch centers and multiple.…”
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Transfection of unmodified oligodeoxynucleotide with polyethylenimine reduces the level of hepatitis B surface antigen by Junyu Lin, Jing Li

“…IntroductionThe delivery of nucleic acid into cells using polyethylenimine (PEI) as non-viral carrier is a potential candidate technique for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.MethodsIn the present study, PEI was used as cationic polymers and transfected with unmodified oligodeoxynucleotides in cell cultures and the BALB/c mouse model to investigate its efficiency in blocking HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) secretion.Results and discussionPEI/oligonucleotide complexes selectively inhibited HBsAg secretion in the culture supernatant, while there were no evident alterations in HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, thereby suggesting its potential inhibitory activity against the production of HBsAg. …”
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A Multistep Iterative Ranking Learning Method for Optimal Project Portfolio Planning of Smart Grid by Cong Liu, Xianghua Li, Jian Liang, Kun Sheng, Lingzhao Kong, Xiaoyan Peng, Wenxin Zhao

“…This paper proposes a novel multistep iterative ranking learning method (MIRL) to solve this complex combinatorial optimization problem from massive infrastructure projects of smart grid. …”
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Renewable energy forecasting using optimized quantum temporal model based on Ninja optimization algorithm by Mona Ahmed Yassen, El-Sayed M. El-kenawy, Mohamed Gamal Abdel-Fattah, Islam Ismael, Hossam El.Deen Salah Mostafa

“…NiOA functions through critical optimization processes when enhancing deep learning models with high accuracy for large complex datasets by selecting the most appropriate features. …”
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Explainable correlation-based anomaly detection for Industrial Control Systems by Ermiyas Birihanu, Imre Lendák

“…Current methods often ignore these correlations and poorly select parameters, missing valuable insights. Additionally, they lack interpretability, operating efficiently with limited resources, and root cause identification. …”
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