Who should be included in first-in-human trials? A systematic review of reasons by Lieke van Kempen, Martine C. de Vries, Eelco J. P. de Koning, Nienke de Graeff

“…These reasons relate to six themes: non-maleficence, beneficence, scientific value, efficiency, respect for persons, and justice. This review highlights multiple challenges in the existing literature, including ambiguous or poorly defined reasons and unspecified use of moral theory, framework, or method, the use of beneficence as an important theme for including participants in FIH trials, and the complexity of identifying and defining vulnerable populations. …”
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Disease-Related Knowledge, Stress, and Quality of Life of Parental Caregivers of Children with Cleft Lip and Palate in a Selected Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam by Phung Le Thi Kim, Leonora Collantes

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Species richness is not a good predictor for above-ground biomass in a warm temperate deciduous broadleaf forest by Chunmei He, Yushan Li, Xiaoxia Dai, Na Liu, Fangfang Wu, Jiangbo Yan, Meiping Gao, Yonghui Liang, Zuoqiang Yuan, Zhanqing Hao, Qiulong Yin

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An efficient privacy-preserving multilevel fusion-based feature engineering framework for UAV-enabled land cover classification using remote sensing images by S. Nagadevi, G. Abirami, R. Brindha, T. Prabhakara Rao, Gyanendra Prasad Joshi, Woong Cho

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Physicochemical characteristics and statistical analysis of groundwater (Drinking) quality parameters in the rural area of Dewanganj, Nepal by Shiv Narayan Yadav, Suman Kumari Yadav, Medha Yadav, Umesh Prasad Yadav, Summi Rai, Ajaya Bhattarai

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A satellite selection algorithm based on adaptive simulated annealing particle swarm optimization for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System/Global Positioning System receiver by Ershen Wang, Caimiao Sun, Chuanyun Wang, Pingping Qu, Yufeng Huang, Tao Pang

“…In this article, we propose a new particle swarm optimization–based satellite selection algorithm for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System/Global Positioning System receiver, which aims to reduce the computational complexity of receivers under the multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite System. …”
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Evaluating the Performance of Machine Learning Classifiers for Network Intrusion Detection: A Comparative Study Using the UNSW-NB15 Dataset by Iwan Handoyo Putro

“…It is because of their growing adoption and complexity of cyber-attacks. Therefore, protecting network infrastructures and identifying malicious behavior becomes a necessity. …”
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DenseNet-FPA: Integrating DenseNet and Flower Pollination Algorithm for Breast Cancer Histopathology Image Classification by Musa Adamu Wakili, Harisu Abdullahi Shehu, Mahdi Abdollahi, Badamasi Imam Ya'u, Md Haidar Sharif, Huseyin Kusetogullari

“…While histopathological image analysis plays a key role in breast cancer diagnosis, the complexity and heterogeneity of these images present significant challenges. …”
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A Novel Approach to Pine Nut Classification: Combining Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Image Shape Features with Soft Voting-Based Ensemble Learning by Yueyun Yu, Xin Huang, Danjv Lv, Benjamin K. Ng, Chan-Tong Lam

“…This study proposes a novel near-infrared (NIR) spectral feature selection algorithm, termed the improved binary equilibrium optimizer with selection probability (IBiEO-SP), which incorporates a dynamic probability adjustment mechanism to achieve efficient feature dimensionality reduction. …”
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An efficient trustworthy cyberattack defence mechanism system for self guided federated learning framework using attention induced deep convolution neural networks by Louai A. Maghrabi, Alanoud Subahi, Nouf Atiahallah Alghanmi, Turki Althaqafi, Nahla J. Abid, Nasser N. Albogami, Mahmoud Ragab

“…Abstract As cyberattacks become more advanced, conventional centralized threat intelligence models often fail to keep up with these threats’ growing complexity and frequency, highlighting the requirement for innovative approaches to strengthen cybersecurity resilience. …”
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City Logistics Solutions for CO₂ Emission Reduction and Energy Efficiency: A Comparative Study of Vitoria-Gasteiz, Tartu, and Sønderborg by Joanna Rut, Wiktoria Dziki, Ryszard Beniak, Michal Podpora, Arkadiusz Gardecki, Bartlomiej Klin

“…In a time of continuous urbanization, with more than half of the world’s population living in cities, city logistics plays a crucial role in managing complex urban environments. As part of the concept of sustainable development, city logistics aims to minimize the negative impact of transport on the environment, while increasing operational efficiency and improving the comfort of life of residents in urban agglomerations. …”
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Construction of 2D TiO₂@MoS₂ Heterojunction Nanosheets for Efficient Toluene Gas Detection by Dehui Wang, Jinwu Hu, Hui Xu, Ding Wang, Guisheng Li

“…Monitoring trace toluene exposure is critical for early-stage lung cancer screening via breath analysis, yet conventional chemiresistive sensors face fundamental limitations, including compromised selectivity in complex VOC matrices and humidity-induced signal drift, with prevailing p–n heterojunction architectures suffering from inherent charge recombination and environmental instability. …”
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Efficiently Learning an Encoder That Classifies Token Replacements and Masked Permuted Network-Based BIGRU Attention Classifier for Enhancing Sentiment Classification of Scientific... by Muhammad Inaam Ul Haq, Khalid Mahmood, Qianmu Li, Ashok Kumar Das, Sachin Shetty, Majid Hussain

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Tailoring Borate Mediator Species Enables Industrial CO Production with Improved Overall Energy Efficiency by Sustainable Molten Salt CO2 Electrolysis by Xinyu Li, Bowen Deng, Kaifa Du, Wenmiao Li, Di Chen, Xin Qu, Fangzhao Pang, Xiaodan Zhang, Hao Zha, Huayi Yin, Dihua Wang

“…In this study, a borate‐enhanced molten salt process for CO2 capture and electrochemical transformation is employed, achieving over 98% selectivity for CO and over 55% energy efficiency without the necessity for complex and costly electrocatalysts. …”
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An effectiveness assessment ensemble for transmission corridor mechanized construction schemes based on weighted itemset mining and factor criticality analysis by Xin Yang, Junyao Hu, Chenhao Sun, Yafei Huang, Ci Tang, Jie Huang

“…With this motivation, this paper establishes an ensemble to address the issue of effective level diagnoses, and thus the hidden patterns and regularities between scheme features and effective levels can be explored. Based on the complex characteristics of input data, the Pearson correlation coefficient is deployed to handle the multidimensional data from multiple sources, and K-means clustering is then employed to classify scheme indicators into classes. …”
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Highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9-RNP mediated CaPAD1 editing in protoplasts of three pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars by Hanyi Choi, Hyunjae Shin, Chan Yong Kim, Jeongbin Park, Hyeran Kim

“…We selected two sgRNAs, sgRNA2 and sgRNA5, which had high in vivo target efficiencies for the CaPAD1 gene across the three cultivars and were validated as potential off-targets in their genomes. …”
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Empirical analysis of control models for different converter topologies from a statistical perspective by Hole Shreyas Rajendra

“…Converter topologies including SEPIC, ZETA, etc. are controlled via selection of capacitive and inductive components, which assists in improving its conversion efficiency for different type of loads. …”
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Energy Distribution Optimization in Heterogeneous Networks with Min–Max and Local Constraints as Support of Ambient Intelligence by Alessandro Aloisio, Domenico D. Bloisi, Marco Romano, Cosimo Vinci

“…The approach centers on selecting the most appropriate communication protocols, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 5G, to connect devices. …”
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Optimal Planning of Wind-Based DG: A Two-Stage Approach Linking Penetration Factor, Turbine Type Selection, Capacity, and Power Factors to Minimize Line Losses by Sina Saboktakin, Tarek Medalel Masaud, Ehab F. El-Saadany

“…By aligning turbine type selection with the available wind resources at the site, the model maximizes energy production and operational efficiency. …”
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Design Improvement of Permanent Magnet Motor Using Single- and Multi-Objective Approaches by Cvetkovski Goga, Petkovska Lidija

“…Engineers and academics have been actively involved in optimising these systems to achieve better performance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Optimising electrical machines, including permanent magnet motors, is a complex task. …”
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