Computing Idle Times in Fuzzy Flexible Job Shop Scheduling by Pablo García Gómez, Inés González-Rodríguez, Camino R. Vela

“…Unfortunately, fuzzy processing times add an extra layer of complexity to otherwise straightforward operations. …”
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A Resilience Quantitative Assessment Framework for Cyber–Physical Systems: Mathematical Modeling and Simulation by Zhigang Cao, Hantao Zhao, Yunfan Wang, Chuan He, Ding Zhou, Xiaopeng Han

“…As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity and persistence, resilience has become a critical requirement for cyber–physical systems (CPSs). …”
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Development of Adaptive Testing Method Based on Neurotechnologies by E. V. Chumakova, D. G. Korneev, M. S. Gasparian

“…The aim of the study is to create neural network models of modules in an adaptive testing system to design an individual testing trajectory.The research article discusses the implementation of an adaptive testing system in terms of introducing artificial neural network modules into its composition, which should solve the problem of choosing a topic and the complexity of the next question, taking into account previous answers and the complexity of previously asked questions, as well as the connectivity of topics and response time as a factor guessing or searching for an answer, thereby forming an individual testing trajectory.Materials and methods. …”
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Simulation and Modelling of C+L+S Multiband Optical Transmission for the OCATA Time Domain Digital Twin by Prasunika Khare, Nelson Costa, Marc Ruiz, Antonio Napoli, Jaume Comellas, Joao Pedro, Luis Velasco

“…In addition, in MB optical transmission, interchannel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) becomes a major effect, which adds more complexity. In view of that, the fourth-order Runge–Kutta in the interaction picture (RK4IP) method, complemented with an adaptive step size algorithm to further reduce the computation time, is evaluated as an alternative to reduce time complexity. …”
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Modeling the compressive strength of concrete at different curing regimes using machine learning by Kennedy C. Onyelowe, Ahmed M. Ebid, Rosa Belén Ramos Jiménez, Angel Geovanny Lozano Guamán, Diego Ramiro Ñacato Estrella, Juan Carlos Cayán Martínez, Eduardo Francisco García Cabezas, Paul Awoyera

“…Abstract In this research work, a representative data of 334 collected from literature of concrete admixed with highly pozzolanic industrial waste materials, which are nano-silica (nSi), nano-alumina (nAl) and micro-silica (mSi) has been deployed to the learning abilities of the artificial neural network (ANN), genetic programming (GP), and the evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) under the influence of the variable structure neuron interface in the hidden layer and the levels complexity of the techniques. …”
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A novel broadband reflectarray antenna employing equivalent magnetic dipole elements by Sen Li, Yang Cai, Hong Ma, Lijun Bu, Siyu Qi, Yufan Cao, Tao Wu

“…Compared with conventional magnetoelectric dipoles, the single-layer EMD element eliminates the vertically metallized via structure and generates an equivalent magnetic dipole with the help of displacement current rather than toroidal current, providing benefits including reduced complexity and enhanced bandwidth. …”
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Multi-Modal Dynamic Fusion for Defect Detection in Electronic Products: A Novel Approach Based on Energy and Deep Learning by Yulin Liu, Yang Gao

“…As electronic products continue to evolve in complexity, maintaining stringent quality standards during manufacturing presents mounting challenges. …”
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Towards a Digital Transformation Hyper-Framework: The Essential Design Principles and Components of the Initial Prototype by Ana Perisic, Branko Perisic

“…To cope with the complexity, the digital transformation of cyber-physical and socio-technology systems demands the utilization of heterogeneous tailorable development environments with dynamic configuring ability and transparent integration of independently developed dedicated frameworks. …”
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A sensation driven functional MRI study on brain activation during bladder filling in healthy participants by Anugrah D. Santoso, Stefan Sunaert, Dirk De Ridder

“…To prevent constant engagement of the viscerosensory cortex and to add a layer of complexity, a diversion continuous performance task (CPT) was randomly presented. …”
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Identification of the potential active site of the septal peptidoglycan polymerase FtsW. by Ying Li, Adrien Boes, Yuanyuan Cui, Shan Zhao, Qingzhen Liao, Han Gong, Eefjan Breukink, Joe Lutkenhaus, Mohammed Terrak, Shishen Du

“…SEDS (Shape, Elongation, Division and Sporulation) proteins are widely conserved peptidoglycan (PG) glycosyltransferases that form complexes with class B penicillin-binding proteins (bPBPs, with transpeptidase activity) to synthesize PG during bacterial cell growth and division. …”
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Improving computational drug repositioning through multi-source disease similarity networks by Duc-Hau Le

“…Experimental results show that both disease multiplex and multiplex-heterogeneous networks outperform their single-layer counterparts in leave-one-out cross-validation. …”
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Assessing the Impact of Concurrent Tunnel Excavations on Rock Mass Deformation Around Existing Structures by Maoyi Liu, Qiang Ou, Xuanxuan Ren, Xuanming Ding

“…Due to the complexity of planning and constructing underground lines, construction challenges—such as close proximity and multi-line interactions—are increasingly being recognized, along with their associated safety hazards. …”
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MLGL: An R Package Implementing Correlated Variable Selection by Hierarchical Clustering and Group-Lasso by Quentin Grimonprez, Samuel Blanck, Alain Celisse, Guillemette Marot

“… The R package MLGL, standing for multi-layer group-Lasso, implements a new procedure of variable selection in the context of redundancy between explanatory variables, which holds true with high-dimensional data. …”
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“LIVE AND LEARN!”: PHRASEOLOGY AS ASSIMILATIVE MATERIAL IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES (BY THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE) by M.S. Khmelevskii, A.V. Savchenko

“…However, at the same time, the teacher is required to make a clear and strict selection of direct phraseological material, taking into account the degree of usage of a particular phraseological unit by native speakers themselves, the degree of its comprehensibility - complexity for a foreign student, as well as taking into account the specific communicative tasks facing students. …”
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A quality-of-service evaluation method based on the cloud model for routing protocols in wireless sensor network by Wenxian Jiang, Chenzhe Gu, Jingjing Wu

“…The routing layer quality of service in wireless sensor network depends on different indices such as throughput, delay, packet loss rate, energy consumption, and degree of congestion. …”
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Enhancing UAV Object Detection in Low-Light Conditions with ELS-YOLO: A Lightweight Model Based on Improved YOLOv11 by Tianhang Weng, Xiaopeng Niu

“…ELS-YOLO features a re-parameterized backbone (ER-HGNetV2) with integrated Re-parameterized Convolution and Efficient Channel Attention mechanisms, a Lightweight Feature Selection Pyramid Network (LFSPN) for multi-scale object detection, and a Shared Convolution Separate Batch Normalization Head (SCSHead) to reduce computational complexity. Layer-Adaptive Magnitude-Based Pruning (LAMP) is employed to compress the model size. …”
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Securing the internet of things: A comprehensive review of ransomware attacks, detection, countermeasures, and future prospects by Peizhi Yan, Tala Talaei Khoei

“…Additionally, we propose a multi-layered defensive strategy integrating technological, legal, and policy measures to address the complexities of ransomware in IoT settings. …”
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Semantic untranslatability in Quranic discourse: challenges and contextual remedies in English translation by Sultan Samah A. Almjlad

“…The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on sacred text translation and provide pedagogical insights for training translators in handling semantically dense and theologically layered texts. Finally, this study advances Qur’anic translation research by introducing suggested SRMM—a model that balances flexibility with clear principles to address the semantic and theological complexities inherent in sacred texts.…”
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A Novel Tree Model-based DNN to Achieve a~High-Resolution DOA Estimation via Massive MIMO Receive Array by Y. Li, F. Shu, Y. Song, J. Wang

“…To satisfy the high-resolution requirements of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, conventional deep neural network (DNN)-based methods using grid idea need to significantly increase the number of output classifications and also produce a huge high model complexity. To address this problem, a multi-level tree-based DNN model (TDNN) is proposed as an alternative , where each level takes small-scale multi-layer neural networks (MLNNs) as nodes to divide the target angular interval into multiple sub-intervals, and each output class is associated to a MLNN at the next level. …”
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APPLICATION OF THE EVOLUTIONARY PARADIGM TO DESIGNING ARCHITEСTURE OF A NEURAL NETWORK FOR RECOGNIZING THE DISTORTED TEXT by Y. A. Bury, D. I. Samal

“…Nevertheless, the traditional heuristic approaches to design of multi-layer neural networks are based on the recombination of already existing neural network architectures.This approach allows us to solve a wide range of problems, but implies compliance with specific conditions for the quality work of algorithms.The natural analogues of such intelligent systems in living nature, however, are universal enough to adapt to virtually any habitat.Despite their extreme complexity and limited ability to study their structures, it is known that these structures were formed as a result of the evolutionary process. …”
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