Unraveling the Roles of Macrophages in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation by Hui-Yun Cheng, Madonna Rica Anggelia, Cheng-Hung Lin

“…The presence of vascularized bone marrow within some VCA grafts further suggests the involvement of donor bone marrow-derived macrophage population and adds another layer of complexity to immune dynamics. Collectively, current understanding highlights the macrophage as a promising target for therapeutic intervention and warrants continued investigation into their diverse functions and potential for improving VCA outcomes.…”
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An image encryption scheme using 4-D chaotic system and cellular automaton by Ibrahim Al-Dayel, Muhammad Faisal Nadeem, Meraj Ali Khan, Bahreselam Sielu Abraha

“…Traditional three-dimensional chaotic systems often have restricted key space and limited complexity, making them vulnerable to cryptanalysis. …”
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Human Activity Recognition Through Augmented WiFi CSI Signals by Lightweight Attention-GRU by Hari Kang, Donghyun Kim, Kar-Ann Toh

“…In this study, we investigate human activity recognition (HAR) using WiFi channel state information (CSI) signals, employing a single-layer gated recurrent unit (GRU) with an attention module. …”
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A Rare Case of Both Cardiac Myxoma and Left Coronary AVF, Diagnosis, and Management by Isa Khaheshi, Hamed Askarpour, Seyyed Amirhossein Salehi, Atoosa Gharib

“…Additionally, the angiography revealed a congenital arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the left coronary arteries and the left atrium, adding another layer of complexity to the patient's condition.…”
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Widespread and cell-type-specific transcriptomic reorganization following mild traumatic brain injury by Aditya Swaro, Brianna N. Bristow, Mehwish Anwer, Angela A. Zhang, Larissa Kraus, Riya K. Gandhi, Sarah R. Erwin, Tara R. Stach, Kaitlin E. Sullivan, Jianjia Fan, Wai Hang Cheng, Cheryl L. Wellington, Mark S. Cembrowski

“…Ultimately, our work here helps to distill the multiscale complexity of TBI into interpretable brain regions, cell types, and molecular sequelae.…”
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Blessing of dimensionality in spiking neural networks: the by-chance functional learning by Valeri A. Makarov, Sergey A. Lobov, Sergey A. Lobov

“…It exploits the fundamental trade-off between the complexity and simplicity of statistical sets in high-dimensional spaces without relying on global optimization techniques. …”
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BIMLP Model Based on Deep Learning for Predicting Electrical Load Demand by Somayeh Talebzadeh, Reza Radfar, Abbas Toloei Ashlaghi

“…The accurate prediction of electricity demand is crucial for efficient energy management and grid operation. However, the complexities of demand patterns, weather variability, and socioeconomic factors make it challenging to forecast demand with high accuracy. …”
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CSTFNet: A CNN and Dual Swin-Transformer Fusion Network for Remote Sensing Hyperspectral Data Fusion and Classification of Coastal Areas by Dekai Li, Harold Neira-Molina, Mengxing Huang, Syam M.S., Yu Zhang, Zhang Junfeng, Uzair Aslam Bhatti, Muhammad Asif, Nadia Sarhan, Emad Mahrous Awwad

“…However, due to the high dimensionality of HSI data and the complexity of spectral-spatial feature extraction, achieving accurate results in coastal areas remains challenging. …”
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Physical-Abstract Bidirectional-Guided Learning for High-Resolution Radar Target Recognition by Yuying Zhu, Yinan Zhao, Zhaoting Liu, Meilin He

“…Moreover, integrating the bidirectional-guided learning strategy with a lightweight network yields comparable recognition performance with lower computation complexity, requiring only 0.64 million parameters and 0.018 GFLOPs per layer for 2-D SAR images.…”
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Whale Optimization Algorithm-Enhanced Long Short-Term Memory Classifier with Novel Wrapped Feature Selection for Intrusion Detection by Haider AL-Husseini, Mohammad Mehdi Hosseini, Ahmad Yousofi, Murtadha A. Alazzawi

“…Intrusion detection in network systems is a critical challenge due to the ever-increasing volume and complexity of cyber-attacks. Traditional methods often struggle with high-dimensional data and the need for real-time detection. …”
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Microbiota-Accessible Borates as Novel and Emerging Prebiotics for Healthy Longevity: Current Research Trends and Perspectives by Andrei Biţă, Ion Romulus Scorei, Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa, George Dan Mogoşanu, Ionela Belu, Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu, Cristina Elena Biţă, Gabriela Rău, Cătălina Gabriela Pisoschi, Maria-Victoria Racu, Iurie Pinzaru, Alejandra Contreras-Ramos, Roxana Kostici, Johny Neamţu, Viorel Biciuşcă, Dan Ionuţ Gheonea

“…Microbiota-accessible borate (MAB) complexes, such as boron (B)–pectins (rhamnogalacturonan–borate) and borate–phenolic esters (diester chlorogenoborate), have a significant impact on healthy host–microbiota symbiosis (HMS). …”
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UAV LiDAR expands the understanding of forest tree diversity by Jianyang Liu, Ying Quan, Guoqiang Zhao, Baozhong Yuan, Bin Wang, Mingze Li

“…Our study suggests that using high-resolution UAV LiDAR data, combined with diversity indices based on importance values, can enhance biodiversity assessment and inform forest management strategies aimed at promoting structural complexity and supporting tree diversity.…”
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SAM2Former: Segment Anything Model 2 Assisting UNet-Like Transformer for Remote Sensing Image Semantic Segmentation by Xuewen Li, Xiaomin Tian, Zihong Wang, Feng Zhang, Yanting Zhang, Na Yang, Chuanzhao Tian

“…Firstly, we incorporate the lightweight Adapter to perform parameter-efficient fine-tuning on SAM2 and design a multi-scale information aggregation module (MIAM) to connect the dual-encoder, which weighted multi-scale features layer by layer of SAM2 Block and CNN, preserving key information in the image. …”
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An Efficient and Hybrid Deep Learning-Driven Model to Enhance Security and Performance of Healthcare Internet of Things by Muhammad Babar, Muhammad Usman Tariq, Basit Qureshi, Zabeeh Ullah, Fahim Arif, Zahid Khan

“…Sensors and actuators are used in smart medical devices to collect data about the human body, which is then sent to the fog layer for analysis. However, H-IoT devices present security and Quality of Service (QoS) concerns because of their critical nature, complexity, and dynamic features, which make them incompatible with conventional network topologies. …”
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Treatment for substance abuse in the 21st century: A South African perspective by Madhubala I. Kasiram, Anwar Jeewa

“…These had to complement traditional strategies, rather than replace them, in accordance with the multi-faceted and multi-layered complexities of substance abuse. In keeping with this finding was the call for in-depth interventions to make the transition from being an addict and substance dependent to a person who is empowered and free from dependence. …”
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SCL-YOLOv11: A Lightweight Object Detection Network for Low-Illumination Environments by Shulong Zhuo, Hao Bai, Lifeng Jiang, Xiaojian Zhou, Xu Duan, Yiqun Ma, Zihan Zhou

“…First, the StarNet architecture is introduced into the Backbone to enhance the extraction of shallow image features and significantly reduce computational complexity. Next, Star Blocks from the StarNet framework are employed to optimize the C3k2 module in the Neck stage, thereby improving the localization accuracy of deep features without increasing network complexity. …”
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Secure Beamforming via Amplify-and-Forward Relays in Machine-to-Machine Communications by Zhongjian Liu, Xiaoning Zhang, Lin Bai, Chen Chen, Haige Xiang

“…We consider the collaborative use of amplify-and-forward relays to form a beamforming system and provide physical layer security for a wireless machine-to-machine (M2M) communication network. …”
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Selective vulnerability of stellate cells to gut dysbiosis: neuroanatomical changes in the medial entorhinal cortex by Ayishal B. Mydeen, Mohammed M. Nakhal, Faheema Nafees, Reem Almazrouei, Rasha Alkamali, Mahra Alsulaimi, Omar Aleissaee, Abdulrahman Alzaabi, Mohamed Alfahim, Hamad Almansoori, Shamsa BaniYas, Shaikha Al Houqani, Marim Elkashlan, Safa Shehab, Mohammad I. K. Hamad

“…Golgi-stained neurons in mECII were assessed for dendritic complexity via Sholl analysis. Iba1 staining evaluated microglial activation in mECII. …”
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Non-Iterative Reconstruction and Selection Network-Assisted Channel Estimation for mmWave MIMO Communications by Jing Yang, Yabo Guo, Xinying Guo, Pengpeng Wang

“…To address these limitations, we propose a low-complexity channel estimator using a non-iterative reconstruction network (NIRNet) with a learning-based selection matrix (LSM). …”
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A novel security‐based adaptive reconfigurable intelligent surfaces assisted clustering strategy by Yue Tian, Xiaofan Zheng

“…This letter proposes an enhancement to the physical layer security (PLS) of a multi‐hop RIS‐assisted underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system. …”
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