Double-diffusive convection in flow of Carreau fluid with variable density inside converging and diverging channels of rectilinear walls by Muhammad Hamza, Dil Nawaz Khan Marwat, Noureen

“…The shear thinning and shear thickening features of Carreau fluids with variable density cause them to exhibit lower axial velocity in the centre of a horizontal channel than Newtonian fluids due to variable wall configurations and complex flow conditions. By enhancing buoyancy driven convection, which promotes effective heat dispersion, increasing the solutal and thermal Grashof numbers (GrS=GrT>0) lowers the temperature field. …”
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A Blockchain-Based Architecture of Web3.0: A Comprehensive Decentralized Model With Relay Nodes, Unique IDs and P2P by Hyunjoo Yang, Sejin Park

“…Additionally, the model introduces a TPM+Reputation system that combines hardware-backed node attestation with blockchain-stored historical reputation scores, ensuring robust trust evaluations. This dual-layered approach mitigates risks associated with reputation inflation, identity manipulation, and malicious node behavior. …”
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68Ga-labeled fluorinated benzamide derivatives for positron emission tomography imaging of melanoma. by Chaewon Lee, Boreum Song, Eunsu Kim, Yejin Seo, Dagyeong Hong, Jiyu Kim, Wookyeong Jeong, Seong-Young Kwon, Dong-Yeon Kim, Ayoung Pyo

“…The radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity of the 68Ga chelation complex were confirmed by radio-thin layer chromatography (radio TLC). …”
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Understanding personality pathology in a clinical sample of youth: study protocol for the longitudinal research project ‘APOLO’ by Nagila Koster, Igor Lusin, Paul T van der Heijden, Odilia M Laceulle, Marcel A G van Aken

“…Primary research questions will be analysed using structural equation modelling.Ethics and dissemination The results will contribute to our understanding of (the development of) personality pathology as a complex phenomenon in which both structural personality characteristics as well as unique individual adaptations and experiences play a role. …”
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Feature-based enhanced boosting algorithm for depression detection by Muhammad Sadiq Rohei, Kasturi Dewi Varathan, Shivakumara Palaiahnakote, Nor Badrul Anuar

“…However, both types of boosting algorithms struggle with the analysis of complex feature sets, the enhancement of weak learners, and the handling of larger datasets. …”
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Intelligent brain tumor detection using hybrid finetuned deep transfer features and ensemble machine learning algorithms by Rakesh Salakapuri, Panduranga Vital Terlapu, Kishore Raju Kalidindi, Ramesh Naidu Balaka, D. Jayaram, T. Ravikumar

“…The mortality rate is over 251,000 deaths annually (IARC, 2020 reports). Detecting BTs is complex because they vary in nature. Early diagnosis is essential for better survival rates. …”
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Review on atomistic and quantum mechanical simulation approaches in chemical mechanical planarization by Seokgyu Ryu, Murali Ramu, Patrick Joohyun Kim, Junghyun Choi, Kangchun Lee, Jihoon Seo

“…Chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) faces critical challenges including non-uniform material removal, surface defect generation, and complex tribochemical interactions that limit process control at advanced semiconductor nodes. …”
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Mapping the Discourse. Architecture Periodicals in/for the Teaching of Architecture History by Gaia Caramellino, Valeria Casali, Nicole De Togni

“…By dissecting the overall structure of each journal and scrutinizing their constituting elements - including undervalued parts, often considered at the peripheries of the discourse -, the multi-layered study of this printed network brings to the light the interconnections between a constellation of actors and agents involved in the production of knowledge. …”
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An Investigation of Infrared Small Target Detection by Using the SPT–YOLO Technique by Yongjun Qi, Shaohua Yang, Zhengzheng Jia, Yuanmeng Song, Jie Zhu, Xin Liu, Hongxing Zheng

“…To detect and recognize small-size and submerged complex background targets in infrared images, we combine a dynamic receptive field fusion strategy and a multi-scale feature fusion mechanism to improve the detection performance of small targets significantly. …”
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Lightweight Deep Learning Model for Fire Classification in Tunnels by Shakhnoza Muksimova, Sabina Umirzakova, Jushkin Baltayev, Young-Im Cho

“…The proposed model offers a scalable, high-performance solution for tunnel fire monitoring and establishes a benchmark for future research in real-time video-based classification under complex environmental conditions.…”
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PoolRunner: An Extensible Performance Testing Simulation Tool for Thread-Pool Middleware by Faisal Bahadur, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Abdulmohsen Algarni

“…Furthermore, the testbed construction and configurations are complex, difficult, time-consuming, and expensive, especially for researchers. …”
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Cryogenic 3D printing of ice structures with embedded cells using 70 pL droplets by Takahiro KURASAWA, Hiroki WATANABE, Yoshitake AKIYAMA

“…At 5 Hz, droplets remained distinctly separated, forming a well-defined layered structure, whereas at 20 Hz, they partially merged while maintaining a high aspect ratio. …”
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Evaluation of Pore-Type Carbonate Reservoir Connectivity Based on Electrical Imaging by SUN Jianmeng, CHENG Yaodong, HE Juan, LIU Zhang, CHEN Peiyuan

“…Therefore, this parameter is of great significance for searching the permeability layer of carbonate reservoir.…”
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Empowering Dysarthric Communication: Hybrid Transformer-CTC-Based Speech Recognition System by R. Vinotha, D. Hepsiba, L. D. Vijay Anand, P. Malin Bruntha, Linh Dinh, Hien Dang

“…The Transformer architecture employs a self-attention mechanism that models complex dependencies between speech features, enabling it to identify and emphasize important patterns even when training data is limited. …”
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The Use of Abandoned Salt Caverns for Energy Storage and Environmental Protection: A Review, Current Status and Future Protections by Yun Luo, Wei Liu, Hongxing Wang, Keyao Li

“…The disposal of nuclear waste in salt caverns is not currently recommended due to the complex damage mechanism of layered salt rock and the specific locations of salt mines in China. …”
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Membrane Filtration of Nanoscale Biomaterials: Model System and Membrane Performance Evaluation for AAV2 Viral Vector Clarification and Recovery by Mara Leach, Kearstin Edmonds, Emily Ingram, Rebecca Dutch, Ranil Wickramasinghe, Malgorzata Chwatko, Dibakar Bhattacharyya

“…Fouling analysis revealed that real AAV2 systems experienced more severe and complex fouling compared to the model system, transitioning from intermediate blocking to irreversible cake layer formation, which was exacerbated by nanoscale impurities (~10–600 nm). …”
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Recognition of Maize Tassels Based on Improved YOLOv8 and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles RGB Images by Jiahao Wei, Ruirui Wang, Shi Wei, Xiaoyan Wang, Shicheng Xu

“…However, the sizes of the maize tassels are small, the background is complex, and the existing network has obvious recognition errors. …”
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Comparison of qRT-PCR and ddPCR for multi-strain probiotic detection after a randomized human clinical trial by Nicolas Yeung, Arthur C. Ouwehand

“…While bacterial plating is still a common method for detecting and counting bacteria, when dealing with complex matrices like fecal samples, and given that most probiotics share genera or even species with commensal bacteria, plate counting is not a precise or accurate enough method. …”
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Dual effects of digital technology on high quality development of road transportation in Heilongjiang Province China by Peng Li, Ke Chen, Lusheng Liu, Zhijia Hou, Dahong Yang, Huiji Zhang

“…Furthermore, the prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang are gradually transitioning towards a multi-layered and multidimensional comprehensive development stage, as traditional single-factor driven models are increasingly inadequate to meet the complex collaborative development needs of UDTL and HQDRT. …”
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Healthcare Futures: Opportunities, Challenges and Risks in a Blockchain-Driven Environment by Robert Goldberg, Peter J. Pitts, Jennifer Hinkel

“…By leveraging smart contracts, which automate transactions and ensure trust through pre-defined algorithms, the platform offers a seamless and secure environment for managing complex healthcare data and financial instruments. …”
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