Improving winter condition simulations in SURFEX-TEB v9.0 with a multi-layer snow model and ice by G. Colas, V. Masson, F. Bouttier, L. Bouilloud, L. Pavan, V. Karsisto

“…Additionally, we have enhanced the TEB representation of snow on road, moving from a single-layer snow model (1-L), to a more precise multi-layer snow model known as Explicit Snow (ES). …”
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Improvement of protective oxide layers formed by high-frequency plasma electrolytic oxidation on Mg-RE alloy with LPSO-phase by Alisa O. Cheretaeva, Pavel A. Glukhov, Marat R. Shafeev, Alyona G. Denisova, Eugeny D. Borgardt, Anton V. Polunin, Alexander V. Katsman, Mikhail M. Krishtal

“…The reason for a significant improvement in the complex of protective properties of the oxide layers with an increase in the current pulse frequency is supposed to be a decrease in the power and duration of individual microarc discharges with simultaneous increase in their number per unit oxidized area.…”
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The effect of residual mechanical stresses and vacancy defects on the diffusion expansion of the damaged layer during irradiation of BeO ceramics by Azamat E. Ryskulov, Igor A. Ivanov, Artem L. Kozlovskiy, Marina Konuhova

“…Analysis of changes in thermophysical parameters revealed that a rise in structural distortions associated with the accumulation of complex defects results in thermal conductivity reduction and a deterioration in heat transfer processes associated with partial amorphization of the damaged layer. …”
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The Influence of the Outdoor Atmospheric Environment on the Airflow Pattern in a Multi-Layer Plant with Vertically Connected Space and Heat Sources by Yingxue Cao, Keke Li, Yi Wang, Yihan Xu, Yang Yang, Honggang Yang, Chaowei Liu

“…The findings indicate that with no outdoor thermal and wind pressure, the airflow crosses the layers from the bottom to the top, while intermediate layers tend to present independent airflows. …”
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Vibratory Pile Driving in High Viscous Soil Layers: Numerical Analysis of Penetration Resistance and Prebored Hole of CEL Method by Caihui Li, Changkai Qiu, Xuejin Liu, Junhao Wang, Xiaofei Jing

“…High-viscosity stratified strata, characterized by complex geotechnical properties such as strong cohesion, low permeability, and pronounced layered structures, exhibit significant lateral friction resistance and high-end resistance during steel sheet pile installation. …”
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Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) screening and abnormality detection based on multi-layer fluorescence imaging signal enhancement and compensation by Lemin Shi, Ping Gong, Mingye Li, Dianxin Song, Hao Zhang, Zhe Wang, Xin Feng

“…An improved Cycle-GAN network was introduced, incorporating residual connections and layer-wise supervision to accurately model and compensate for complex signal characteristics. …”
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A call for research and policy into building multi-layered social resilience toward a sustainable agricultural workforce in Switzerland by Julia Doetzer, Julia Doetzer, Andrea Kaiser-Grolimund, Andrea Kaiser-Grolimund, Andrea Kaiser-Grolimund, Priska Ammann, Priska Ammann, Medea Imboden, Medea Imboden, Ayoung Jeong, Ayoung Jeong, Aline Veillat, Aline Veillat, Karin Ingold, Karin Ingold, Karin Ingold, Mirko S. Winkler, Mirko S. Winkler, Samuel Fuhrimann, Samuel Fuhrimann, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nicole Probst-Hensch

“…This perspective benefits from insights of the first agricultural cohort in Switzerland, illustrating the complex field that farmers operate in. Consequently, we call for a paradigm shift in research and policy from individual vulnerability to multi-layered social resilience toward building an agricultural workforce with the capacity to create pathways for a sustainable agriculture.…”
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A Shipborne Doppler Lidar Investigation of the Winter Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Southeastern China’s Coastal Waters by Xiaoquan Song, Wenchao Lian, Fuyou Wang, Ping Jiang, Jie Wang

“…The Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL), as a critical component of Earth’s climate system, governs the exchange of matter and energy between the ocean surface and the lower atmosphere. …”
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Features of the integration of two-layer metal knitwear made of titanium nickelide during the replacement of a thoracoabdominal defect in the experiment by E. B. Topolnitskiy, N. A. Shefer, E. S. Marchenko, T. I. Fomina, R. A. Mikhed, А. N. Tsydenova, A. S. Garin

“…In Group B, on the contrary, the reaction of the body caused by the implanted polypropylene prosthesis was characterized by more pronounced fibrosis, and tissue integration through the mesh structure of the implant was not observed.Conclusion. Two-layer TiNi knitwear in the replacement of complex structures of the thoracoabdominal zone showed promising results, which opens up prospects for further clinical research.…”
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Unravelling the structure-stability interplay of O3-type layered sodium cathode materials via precision spacing engineering by Meng Li, Haoxiang Zhuo, Jiuwei Lei, Yaqing Guo, Yifei Yuan, Kuan Wang, Zhou Liao, Wei Xia, Dongsheng Geng, Xueliang Sun, Jiangtao Hu, Biwei Xiao

“…Abstract The O3-type layered oxide represents a highly promising candidate for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). …”
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Multi-layer perceptron-particle swarm optimization: A lightweight optimization algorithm for the model predictive control local planner by Xiaoqing Guan, Tao Hu, Ziang Zhang, Yixu Wang, Yifan Liu, You Wang, Jie Hao, Guang Li

“…The average solving time has been reduced by over 90%, enabling the robot to increase its control frequency or adopt higher-quality complex motion primitives. The multi-layer perceptron-particle swarm optimization algorithm can also be used for various robots and motion primitives, with a wide range of potential applications.…”
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Additive–Subtractive Manufacturing Based on Water-Soluble Sacrificial Layer: High-Adhesion Metal Patterning via Inkjet Printing by Mengyang Su, Jin Huang, Hongxiao Gong, Zihan Zhu, Pan Li, Huagui Wang, Pengbing Zhao, Jianjun Wang, Jie Zhang

“…The adhesion strength of the sputtered metal layer is 5.2 times greater than that of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticles. …”
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Protocol-Agnostic and Packet-Based Intrusion Detection Using a Multi-Layer Deep-Learning Architecture at the Network Edge by Rodolphe Picot, Felipe Gohring de Magalhaes, Ahmad Shahnejat Bushehri, Maroua Ben Atti, Gabriela Nicolescu, Alejandro Quintero

“…Unlike existing approaches that transform packets into alternative representations such as images or NLP-based techniques, which introduce additional overhead, our method processes packets directly, eliminating the need for complex components like Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) or convolutional layers. …”
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MACA-Net: Mamba-Driven Adaptive Cross-Layer Attention Network for Multi-Behavior Recognition in Group-Housed Pigs by Zhixiong Zeng, Zaoming Wu, Runtao Xie, Kai Lin, Shenwen Tan, Xinyuan He, Yizhi Luo

“…Additionally, an Adaptive Multi-Path Attention (AMPA) mechanism integrates spatial-channel attention to enhance feature focus, ensuring robust performance in complex environments and low-light conditions. To further improve detection, a Cross-Layer Feature Pyramid Transformer (CFPT) neck employs non-upsampled feature fusion, mitigating semantic gap issues where small target features are overshadowed by large target features during feature transmission. …”
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Unique microbial communities in ancient volcanic ash layers within deep marine sediments are structured by the composition of iron phases by Sönke Rolfes, Jack Longman, Jack Longman, Katharina Pahnke, Bert Engelen

“…These predictions suggest a higher potential for the assimilatory use of more complex Fe(III) sources in tephra, indicating the microbes are able to exploit the “reducible” Fe(III) found in high quantities in these layers. …”
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Machine‐Learning Based Multi‐Layer Soil Moisture Forecasts—An Application Case Study of the Montana 2017 Flash Drought by J. Du, J. S. Kimball, K. Jencso, Z. Hoylman, C. Brust, D. Ketchum, Y. Xu, H. Lu, J. Sheffield

“…A satellite‐driven machine‐learning approach was developed in this study to build complex relationships between diversified predictor data sets and in situ multi‐layer SM measurements from the Montana Mesonet, a regionally dense environmental station network in the US upper Missouri and Columbia basins. …”
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Modelling multi-layer fine fuel loads in temperate eucalypt forests using airborne LiDAR and inventory data by Trung H. Nguyen, Simon Jones, Karin J Reinke, Mariela Soto-Berelov

“…Model interpretation revealed that integrating ALS metrics from multiple forest layers maximised accuracy and highlighted the complex role of vertical forest structure in predicting FFL. …”
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Biodegradable Double-Layer Hydrogels with Sequential Drug Release for Multi-Phase Collaborative Regulation in Scar-Free Wound Healing by Xinyu Zhang, Qianhe Zu, Chunlin Deng, Xin Gao, Hongxu Liu, Yi Jin, Xinjian Yang, Enjun Wang

“…The lower layer, containing curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, shows early anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, while the upper layer, with pirfenidone-encapsulated gelatin microspheres, presents late-stage anti-fibrotic activity. …”
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On markedness in locative and existential predication: “Existential takeover”, frequency and complexity in Siberian languages by Chris Lasse Däbritz

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STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX-COMPOSITE STRUCTURES ON THE THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POLYMER ADDITIVE MATERIALS by N. V. Bekrenev, V. M. Makarova, S. P. Pavlov

“…Objectives The use of additive technologies is one of the promising areas for improving the production of products for various purposes in the transition to a digital economy. Method. Layered construction of objects of complex shape in accordance with the developed solid-state model from materials with different mechanical and thermal properties allows directionally controlling the distribution of various components in the volume of the composite material and forming topological structures that provide a rational balance between various performance characteristics and reliability of the product. …”
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