Controllable Fabrication of Gallium Ion Beam on Quartz Nanogrooves by Peizhen Mo, Jinyan Cheng, Qiuchen Xu, Hongru Liu, Chengyong Wang, Suyang Li, Zhishan Yuan

“…This study proposes a method based on focused ion beam technology and a layer-by-layer etching process, successfully preparing V-shaped and rectangular nanogrooves on a silicon dioxide substrate. …”
Get full text

A Deep-learning based Model with Intra- and Inter-Well Constraints for Intelligent Identification of Stratigraphic Layers by Jinghua Yang, Bin Gong, Hu Huang, Heng Zhao, Haoqiang Wu, Chen Liu, Shifan Zhang, Hui Li

“…Traditional stratification methods rely heavily on manual interpretation, which is subjective, labor-intensive, and often inconsistent, making it inadequate for complex geological settings. To address these limitations, this study proposes a fine-scale stratification method based on a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), incorporating both intra-well and inter-well stratigraphic constraints into the model architecture. …”
Get full text

Enhancing Cognitive Workload Classification Using Integrated LSTM Layers and CNNs for fNIRS Data Analysis by Mehshan Ahmed Khan, Houshyar Asadi, Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani, Adetokunbo Arogbonlo, Siamak Pedrammehr, Adnan Anwar, Hailing Zhou, Lei Wei, Asim Bhatti, Sam Oladazimi, Burhan Khan, Saeid Nahavandi

“…The primary objective is to assess how incorporating LSTM layers enhances the performance of CNNs. The experimental results presented in this paper demonstrate that the integration of LSTM layers with convolutional layers results in an increase in the accuracy of deep learning models from 97.40% to 97.92%.…”
Get full text

Injectable elastin-like recombinamer hydrogels with layered degradation rates for osteochondral regeneration in a rabbit model by Desiré Venegas-Bustos, Gonzalo Martínez-Municio, S. Martínez-Páramo, Israel González de Torre, F. Lamus, M.I. Alonso, A. Gato, A.J. Álvarez-Barcia, A. Vega-Castrillo, Mercedes Alberca, J.C. Rodríguez-Cabello

“…Current strategies often employ multiphasic scaffolds to mimic the complex osteochondral unit. In this study, we developed an injectable hydrogel system with inner and outer layers exhibiting distinct degradation rates and cell combinations, designed to regenerate critical-sized osteochondral defects in a long-term rabbit model.The hydrogel system is based on elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), which promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and mechanical integrity. …”
Get full text

Physical Parameterization Sensitivity of Noah-MP for Hydrothermal Simulation Within the Active Layer on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau by Yongliang Jiao, Ren Li, Tonghua Wu, Xiaodong Wu, Shenning Wang, Jimin Yao, Guojie Hu, Xiaofan Zhu, Jianzong Shi, Yao Xiao, Erji Du, Yongping Qiao

“…The accurate modeling of complex freeze–thaw processes and hydrothermal dynamics within the active layer is challenging. …”
Get full text

Strong room-temperature ferromagnetism and magnetocaloric effect in anisotropic two-dimensional layered chromium indium telluride by Yong Wang, Dingyi Yang, Zixuan Cheng, Jie Wang, Jiawei Liu, Yu Zhang, Yongmei Wang, Yin Zhang, Ming Li, Yizhang Wu, Tianxiao Nie, Sen Yang, Yan Liu, Yue Hao, Genquan Han

“…Two-dimensional (2D) layered ferromagnets offer exciting opportunities for studying magnetic phenomena and developing advanced spintronic devices. …”
Get full text

Triple-layered security system: reliable and secured image communications over 5G and beyond networks by Tarek Srour, Mohsen A. M. El-Bendary, Mostafa Eltokhy, Atef E. Abouelazm

Get full text

Cooperative Beamforming for Physical-Layer Security in Power-Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks with Partial Relay Selection by Mujun Qian, Chen Liu, Yulong Zou

“…We investigate the physical-layer security of a wireless sensor network comprised of a source-destination pair, multiple decode-and-forward (DF) relays, and an eavesdropper. …”
Get full text

Layered double hydroxide-functionalized humic acid and magnetite by hydrothermal synthesis for optimized adsorption of malachite green by Nur Ahmad, Alfan Wijaya, Fitri Suryani Arsyad, Idha Royani, Aldes Lesbani

Get full text

Two-layer optimization model of distribution network line loss considering the uncertainty of new energy access by Xiping Ma, Xiping Ma, Xiaoyang Dong, Haitao Xiao, Yaxin Li, Rui Xu, Kai Wei, Juanjuan Cai, Juan Wei

“…Both layers are solved using the Improved Whale Optimization algorithm (IWOA). …”
Get full text

HEC-MAC: A Hybrid Energy-Aware Cross-Layer MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks by Luca Mainetti, Vincenzo Mighali, Luigi Patrono

“…The effectiveness of the proposed cross-layer approach has been evaluated through OMNeT++ simulation tool.…”
Get full text

A Cross-Layer Framework for Network Management in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Weighted Cognitive Maps by Amr El-Mougy, Mohamed Ibnkahla

“…In this paper, a novel cross-layer framework for network management is proposed that particularly targets WSN with challenging applications. …”
Get full text

Mammalian Expression Cloning of Nucleic Acid Binding Proteins by Agarose Thin-Layer Gelshift Clone Selection by A. Dobi, W. Debnam, C. Dalgard, A. Owusu, D.v. Agoston

“…In contrast to traditional polyacrylamide gels, the agarose thin-layer is significantly faster and resolves larger DNA-protein complexes. …”
Get full text

Influence of different hydrocarbons on impurities and minority carrier lifetime in 4H-SiC epitaxial layers by Misagh Ghezellou, Erlend Lemva Ousdal, Marianne E Bathen, Lasse Vines, Jawad Ul-Hassan

“…Furthermore, we have observed that methane contributes to a relatively longer carrier lifetime value compared to propane, though a similar lifetime limiting carbon vacancy defect concentration has been observed for both hydrocarbons in as-grown epitaxial layers. Moreover, additional defect levels are also suggested by deep-level transient spectroscopy, potentially related to chlorine complexes, with varying concentrations depending on the choice of hydrocarbon and C/Si ratio. …”
Get full text

Achromatic metalenses for full visible spectrum with extended group delay control via dispersion-matched layers by Shengyuan Chang, Lidan Zhang, Yao Duan, Md Tarek Rahman, Abrar Islam, Xingjie Ni

“…Multilayer metalenses offer some improvement but come with increased design and fabrication complexity. Here, we demonstrate a strategy using meta-atoms with material layers engineered for matching dispersion, allowing large and fine adjustments of group delay. …”
Get full text

Uncertainty Avoider Defuzzification of General Type-2 Multi-Layer Fuzzy Membership Functions for Image Segmentation by Sirwan Mohammad Kekshar, Sadegh Abdollah Aminifar

“…General type two fuzzy models are rarely used in practical problems due to their computational complexity, especially during fuzzification and defuzzification. …”
Get full text

Maximum Extractable Value (MEV) Mitigation Approaches in Ethereum and Layer-2 Chains: A Comprehensive Survey by Zeinab Alipanahloo, Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid, Kaiwen Zhang

“…Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) represents a pivotal challenge within the Ethereum ecosystem; it impacts the fairness, security, and efficiency of both Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2) networks. MEV arises when miners or validators manipulate transaction ordering (e.g., front-running) to extract additional value, often at the expense of other network participants. …”
Get full text

Atmospheric Boundary Layer Stability in Urban Beijing: Insights from Meteorological Tower and Doppler Wind Lidar by Linlin Wang, Bingcheng Wan, Yuanjian Yang, Sihui Fan, Yi Jing, Xueling Cheng, Zhiqiu Gao, Shiguang Miao, Han Zou

“…The limited understanding of the structure of the urban surface atmospheric boundary layer can be attributed to its inherent complexity, as well as a deficiency in comprehensive measurements. …”
Get full text

Low-volume and thin-layer panoponics in intensive artificial-light culture of cucumber: basics and results of application by O. R. Udalova, L. M. Anikina, G. V. Mirskaya, P. Yu. Kononchuk, G. G. Panova

“…The creation and widespread implementation of high-tech automated phytotechnological complexes based on innovative technologies for growing plants in intensive light culture, including the development of new-generation root-dwelling environments, low-volume and thin-layer analogs of soil and systems for providing plants with water and mineral nutrition elements, is one of the promising ways to solve this problem.The purpose. …”
Get full text

Influence of thin-layer soil analogues on the production process of lettuce plants in intensive artificial-light culture by O. R. Udalova, L. M. Anikina, Yu. V. Khomyakov, V. E. Vertebniy, V. I. Dubovitskaya, G. G. Panova

“…Relevance.The solution to the problem of providing the population of our country with high - quality plant production all year round is possible when creating high-tech automated phytotechnological complexes based on innovative, resource-saving technologies for growing plants in an artificial climate, including the development of a new generation of root inhabited thin-layer analogues of soils.Materials and methods. …”
Get full text