Control of Complex Nonlinear Dynamic Rational Systems by Quanmin Zhu, Li Liu, Weicun Zhang, Shaoyuan Li

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Application of the Turbulent Potential Model to Unsteady Flows and Three-Dimensional Boundary Layers by J. Blair Perot, Sasanka Are, Xing Zhang

“…The flow in a spanwise-driven channel flow and over a swept bump are used to evaluate the turbulent potential model's ability to predict complex three-dimensional boundary layers. Results of turbulent vortex shedding behind a triangular and a square cylinder are also presented in order to evaluate the model's ability to predict unsteady flows. …”
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Securing Communication Networks at the Physical Layer: A DRL and Phase Optimization Approach by Mian Muhammad Kamal, Syed Zain Ul Abideen, Amin Sharafian, Anwar Hassan Ibrahim, Muhammad Islam, Shabana Habib

“…This paper extends on earlier research, moving from a single-user and single-eavesdropper scenario to a complex multiuser and multieavesdropper context, and incorporates an advanced physical layer security (PLS) technique for the first time. …”
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Non-Monotonic Variation of Acoustic Spectrum with the Mass or Thickness of a Layered Structure by Sergiu Cojocaru

“…This exploration has revealed a complex parametric dependence of the phase velocities and their mass loading response. …”
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Challenges and control strategies for disrupting passive oxide layer formation in electrochemical machining by Ritesh Kumar Upadhyay

“…It is commonly utilized for machining complex geometries in conductive materials, especially in aerospace, biomedical, and automotive sectors. …”
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Cross-Layer Scheduling and Resource Allocation for Heterogeneous Traffic in 3G LTE by Richard Musabe, Hadi Larijani

“…Our proposed algorithm is formulated using the cross-layer technique. The goal of our proposed algorithm is to maximize the expected total user satisfaction (total-utility) under different constraints. …”
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Design of Swarm Intelligence Control Based on Double-Layer Deep Reinforcement Learning by Xiangpei Yan, Guorui Yu, Guoke Huang, Ruchuan Zhou, Liu Hao

“…This method uses a double architecture where the inner layer is responsible for dynamic decision-making and behavior optimization, and the outer layer manages resource allocation and strategy optimization. …”
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A review on atomically modified materials by atomic layer deposition for wastewater treatment by Asif Jan, Melike Begum Tanis-Kanbur, Luuk C. Rietveld, Sebastiaan G.J. Heijman

“…The growing global water crisis necessitates advanced wastewater treatment technologies capable of addressing complex contaminants. Adsorbents and membrane technologies provide viable solutions for wastewater treatment, and their performance can be significantly enhanced through surface modification by atomic layer deposition (ALD). …”
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The uniaxial mechanical properties and damage mechanism of layered surrounding rock-backfill composite by Pengyu Wang, Hao Liu, Haiyan Wang, Tianjiao Yang, Shuhong Wang

“…The coupling of the filling body with the surrounding rock constitutes a complex mechanical support system. Additionally, the layered structure enhances the stress distribution and deformation patterns within the rock-filling composite. …”
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Three layers thermal protection system modeling by Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative by Rafał Brociek, Edyta Hetmaniok, Damian Słota

“…The system is considered as a three-layer structure, where the temperature distribution in the first two layers follows the classical heat conduction equation. …”
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Efficient Identification Method of Fractured Leaky Layers Based on Pressure Gauge Arrays by XING Xuesong, ZHOU Changsuo, WANG Yumei, WU Yi, SHI Jian, GU Jijun

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EMISSION PROCESSES OF QUANTUM WELL INTERACTION WITH DELTA-LAYER IN pHEMT-HETEROSTRUCTURES by Yana V. Ivanova, George E. Yakovlev, Vasily I. Zubkov

“…The potential line-up for the conduction band bottom is obtained, and the quantized energy levels are calculated. The complex analysis of series of samples is carried out in order to understand the influence of delta-layer position on the level depth and at the carrier concentration. …”
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Object Tracking Algorithm Based on Multi-Layer Feature Fusion and Semantic Enhancement by Jing Wang, Yanru Wang, Dan Yuan, Yuxiang Que, Weichao Huang, Yuan Wei

“…To overcome this problem, this paper constructs a semantic enhancement model, which utilizes multi-layer feature representations extracted from deep networks, and correlates and fuses shallow features with deep features by using cross-attention. …”
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Quantifying the influence of optical coherence tomography beam tilt in each retinal layer. by David Bissig, Shasha Gao, Haohua Qian

“…PurposeWell-aligned microstructures within the retina - like retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) axons - differentially reflect light depending on its angle. …”
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High-mobility transparent conductive layers based on indium oxide doped with tungsten by A.K. Akhmedov, A.Sh.. Asvarov, E.K. Murliev, Z.V. Shomakhov

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Noncanonical short-latency auditory pathway directly activates deep cortical layers by Michellee M. Garcia, Amber M. Kline, Koun Onodera, Hiroaki Tsukano, Pranathi R. Dandu, Hailey C. Acosta, Michael R. Kasten, Paul B. Manis, Hiroyuki K. Kato

“…Abstract Auditory processing in the cerebral cortex is considered to begin with thalamocortical inputs to layer 4 (L4) of the primary auditory cortex (A1). …”
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Advanced Leaf Classification Using Multi-Layer Perceptron for Smart Crop Management by Sara Mumtaz, Mohammed Alshehri, Yahya AlQahtani, Abdulmonem Alshahrani, Bayan Alabdullah, Haifa F. Alhasson, Hui Liu

“…To extract features, complex texture and shape details are captured using Local Ternary Patterns (LTP), KAZE, and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). …”
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Artifact estimation network for MR images: effectiveness of batch normalization and dropout layers by Tomoko Maruyama, Norio Hayashi, Yusuke Sato, Toshihiro Ogura, Masumi Uehara, Haruyuki Watanabe, Yoshihiro Kitoh

“…Optimizing deep learning networks with batch normalization (BN) and dropout layers enhances their convergence and accuracy. However, the influence of this strategy on U-Net has not been explored for artifact removal. …”
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Impact of Saharan Dust Intrusions on Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height over Madrid by Francisco Molero, Pedro Salvador, Manuel Pujadas

“…Advanced methods, such as the recently developed STRATfinder algorithm, are required to estimate the ABL height in the presence of residual layers. More complex situations occur due to the advection of aerosols (e.g., due to long-range transport of desert dust, volcanic eruptions, or pyrocloud convection), producing a lofted layer in the free troposphere that may remain decoupled from the local ABL but can also be mixed. …”
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On the Local Structure of Water Surrounding Inorganic Anions Within Layered Double Hydroxides by Abderrahmane Semmeq, Kanika Anand, Antoine Carof, Adolfo Bastida, Francesca Ingrosso

“…However, optimizing LDH-based technologies requires detailed insights into the local structure within the interlayer region, where complex interactions occur among anions, water molecules, and the inorganic surfaces. …”
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