Comparison of Empirical Methods to Estimated Reference Evapotranspiration by Vivi Fitriani, Cahyoadi Bowo, Marga Mandala, La Gandri

“…The statistical analysis using in this research are RSME, MAE, coefficient Correlation, NSE, Average bias, index of agreement, and confidence index (c). …”
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Prevention of student attrition: a data-backed approach to school counselling using Delphi technique and multiple classification algorithms by Amiru Bakariwie, Dominic Asamoah, Abudu Ballu Duwiejuah

“…Average self-motivation and being part of extended or reconstituted families predicted moderate-risk. …”
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The Impact of Agricultural Investments on the Economic Efficiency of Production Factors: An Empirical Study of the Wielkopolska Voivodeship by Wawrzyniec Czubak, Krzysztof Piotr Pawłowski

“…The data source was unpublished individual data from the agricultural accounting “Polish FADN” results for all farms in the Wielkopolska Voivodship who had continuously participated in the data collection system from 2009 to 2021. The project’s complexity was determined by measuring the scale of investments, relating the sum of investment expenditures to the average annual value of fixed assets (reduced by land value). …”
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Underwater Sound Speed Profile Inversion Based on Res-SACNN from Different Spatiotemporal Dimensions by Jiru Wang, Fangze Xu, Yuyao Liu, Yu Chen, Shu Liu

“…The optimization ratio hits 71.8% and the average RMSE decreases by 7.39 m/s in the six-region experiment. …”
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Operation Polypharmacy: a pharmacist-led ambulatory care clinic design and evaluation for older patients by Nicha Tantipinichwong, Michelle S. Keller

“…Abstract The unintended consequences of polypharmacy pose significant risks to older adults. The complexities of managing numerous medications from multiple prescribers demand a comprehensive approach to mitigate harms. …”
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Compositional modeling of solution gas–oil ratio (Rs): a comparative study of tree-based models, neural networks, and equations of state by Aydin Larestani, Sara Sahebalzamani, Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Ali Naseri

“…While the ML models achieved high predictive reliability, their computational demands and complexity may limit deployment in resource-constrained environments and decision-critical applications. …”
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Impact of Optical Imagery and Topography Data Resolution on the Measurement of Surface Fault Displacement Using Sub‐Pixel Image Correlation by Solène L. Antoine, Zhen Liu

“…Consequently, we observe, on average, a decrease by a factor ∼0.7–0.8 of the measured horizontal displacement when using 10 m compared to 0.5 m resolution imagery. …”
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Lightweight deep learning system for automated bone age assessment in Chinese children: enhancing clinical efficiency and diagnostic accuracy by Pang Hai, Zhang Bin, Liu Kesheng, Li Cong, Xu Fei

“…This lightweight design reduces computational complexity, enabling faster inference while maintaining diagnostic precision. …”
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PlantHealthNet: Transformer-Enhanced Hybrid Models for Disease Diagnosis and Severity Estimation in Agriculture by Abid Iqbal

“…The framework has been extensively validated through experiments, and it performs significantly better on all the evaluation metrics: Average ROC AUC of 99.97%, Average Precision-Recall AUC of 98.47%, and F1-score of 94.46%. …”
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Patient characteristics and hospitalisation costs of spinal muscular atrophy in Spain: a retrospective multicentre database analysis by Josep Darbà, Alicia Marsà

“…The overall direct medical costs of spinal muscular atrophy were €291 525, excluding medication. The average annual cost per admission was €6274, with large variations likely to reflect disease complexity and that increases with length of stay.Conclusions The rarity of the disease difficulties the study of demographics and management; yet, an analysis of patient characteristics provides necessary information that can be used by governments to establish more efficient healthcare protocols. …”
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Implementation of IoT-based SCADA in MPS Processing Station Integrated with CtrlX Automation by Gun Gun Maulana, Ridwan Mada, Ismail Rokhim, Hendy Rudiansyah, Muhammad Giri Suhada

“…The increasing complexity of industrial automation technology today requires industries to upgrade their existing systems, such as IoT-based SCADA, which allows for real-time production monitoring from anywhere. …”
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Deep Q-Networks for Minimizing Total Tardiness on a Single Machine by Kuan Wei Huang, Bertrand M. T. Lin

“…This study introduces a novel approach utilizing DQNs to model the complexities of job scheduling for minimizing tardiness through an informed selection utilizing look-ahead mechanisms of actions within a defined state space. …”
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A Lightweight Deep Learning Network with an Optimized Attention Module for Aluminum Surface Defect Detection by Yizhe Li, Yidong Xie, Hu He

“…The experimental results show a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 94.25%, with individual Average Precision (AP) values exceeding 80%, meeting industrial standards for defect detection.…”
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Hybrid YOLOv8 and Fast R-CNN for Accurate Schematic Detection in Power Distribution Networks by Aviv Yuniar Rahman, Zuhaina Zakaria

“…Conventional edge detection methods often struggle with the complexity and scale of modern PDNs, while standalone deep learning approaches face challenges in balancing real-time performance and high precision. …”
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PREDICTION INDONESIA COMPOSITE INDEX USING INTEGRATION DECOMPOSITION- NEURAL NETWORK ENSEMBLE DURING VUCA ERA by Imelda Saluza, Ensiwi Munarsih, Faradillah Faradillah, Leriza Desitama Anggraini

“…The Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity (VUCA) era causes turmoil in the capital markets, stocks, commodities, etc. …”
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INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN WORKING MEMORY PERFORMANCE: «OVERLOAD» EFFECT by Yuri G. Pavlov

“…Specially prepared author’s complete set of the tasks which complexity varied from average to ultrahigh level was offered to participants of experiment –students and employees of the Ural Federal University and Ural Legal Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. …”
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Benthic foraminiferal diversity in the Arabian Gulf: spatial patterns in a basin-wide assessment. by Abduljamiu Olalekan Amao, Khalid Al-Ramadan, Michael Kaminski, Fabrizio Frontalini

“…This study provides the first basin-wide assessment of benthic foraminiferal diversity in the Arabian Gulf, revealing complex spatial patterns and environmental relationships. …”
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Introduction to Special Thematic Issue, part 2 "Microsaccades: Empirical Research and Methodological Advances“ by Rudolf Groner

“… Microsaccades are at the interface between basic oculomotor phenomena and complex processes of cognitive functioning, and they also have been a challenge for subtle experimentation and adequate statistical analysis. …”
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Quality of orthodontic care in an academic setting in the Middle East by Kabir Syed Gyasudeen, Abdelrahman Arafat Yousef, Raed Alrubaiaan, Osama Khader, Ahmed Ghoneima, Sabarinath Prasad

“…The average PAR score reduction (84.5%) showed that the majority of the patients showed significant improvement at the end of treatment. …”
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Fractal Geometry: Surface Characterization of Printing Paper by Yong Ju Lee, Geon-Woo Kim, Tai-Ju Lee, Hyoung Jin Kim

“…The results revealed that while conventional parameters, such as roughness average (<i>Ra</i>) and the average coefficient of friction, are highly sensitive to measurement conditions, MAD-based parameters demonstrate greater robustness and stability. …”
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