Cloud federation three-layer architecture: game-theoretic QoS modeling by MA Kun, HU Chuangyue, ZHANG Yuzhi, MA Fangchao, WANG Xiaodong, DANG Zhonghua, XIAO Wenhong, CHEN Shuangxi

“…A QoS based cloud federation model was proposed to address the above issues, covering a three-layer architecture of cloud computing. At the application to virtual layer, an innovative task allocation strategy based on the differential evolution (DE) algorithm was proposed, specifically designed to handle multi-QoS task distribution challenges. …”
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LIMIT EQUILBRIUM SAFETY ANALYSIS OF PILE IN LATERAL SPREAD: THREE-LAYER by Reda Farag

“…This paper presents a simplified safety analysis method of the single piles subjected to lateral spread in three layered soils. With the suggested method the analyst can get a quick estimate of the pile safety using few simulations of the pile-soil structural model. …”
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Obstacle detection and avoidance system based on layered costmaps for robot tractors by Ricardo Ospina, Kota Itakura

“…This paper presents a novel obstacle detection and avoidance system based on layered costmaps, designed to enhance the safety and efficiency of robot tractors navigating farm roads. …”
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Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Mehmet Demir, Dilek Guven, Arzu Koc, Savas Ozdemir, Efe Can

“…To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness between women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy women. …”
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Incipient Separation for Hypersonic Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction by Haodong WANG, Bowen ZHU, Lin BAO

“…Shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction (STBLI) is a prevalent and complex flow phenomenon in the aerospace sector that significantly impacts the aerodynamic performance of vehicles. …”
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Dual-Layer Fusion Knowledge Reasoning with Enhanced Multi-modal Features by JING Boxiang, WANG Hairong, WANG Tong, YANG Zhenye

“…Most of the existing multi-modal knowledge reasoning methods use splicing or attention to directly fuse the multi-modal features extracted from the pre-trained model, often ignoring the heterogeneity and interaction complexity between different modes. Therefore, a two-layer fusion knowledge inference method with multi-modal feature enhancement is proposed. …”
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The Reliability of Diagnosing Schizophrenia Using the GRU Layer in Conjunction with EEG Rhythms by Pankaj Kumar Sahu, Karan Jain

“…The model includes multiple 1-D-Convolution (Con-1-D) folds with steps greater than 1, which enables the model to programmatically and effectively learn how to reduce the incoming signal. The Con-1-D layers and numerous Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) layers comprise the Exponential-Linear-Unit activation function. …”
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Layered Production Allocation Method for Dual-Gas Co-Production Wells by Guangai Wu, Zhun Li, Yanfeng Cao, Jifei Yu, Guoqing Han, Zhisheng Xing

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Layered Analysis of the 2022 Protests Based on the Conceptual Framework of "Manipulated Movements" by Saeed Naderi Asl, Seyed Javad Hosseini

“…The collected data were analyzed using the Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) method. CLA provides a multi-layered framework for deeper and more multidimensional analysis. …”
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Inner Plexiform Layer Substrata Are Discernible with Commercial OCT and Affected by Aging by Victor S.M.C. Correa, MD, Maria Emfietzoglou, MD, Gustavo Sakuno, MD, PhD, Rosanne Naafs, MSc, Joan W. Miller, MD, Alexander Charonis, MD, Demetrios G. Vavvas, MD, PhD

“…The secondary outcomes included inner retinal thickness measurements, including the IPL, nerve fiber layer (NFL), and ganglion cell complex (GCC). Results: The IPL exhibited a multilayered structure with 5 sublayers, 3 hyperreflective and 2 hyporeflective, arranged in an alternating pattern. …”
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A Contextualized Layered Risk Management Framework for Indian Medical Laboratories by Yogesh R Pawade, Anita S Chalak, Hemant S Dahake

“…By tailoring control measures in a layered fashion, building capacity through targeted training, and fostering collaborative partnerships, medical laboratories in India can more effectively mitigate risks, enhance the quality of their services, and ultimately contribute to improved patient safety within India's complex and diverse healthcare landscape.…”
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Hidden-layer configurations in reinforcement learning models for stock portfolio optimization by Patrick Kevin Aritonang, Sudarso Kaderi Wiryono, Taufik Faturohman

“…DDPG exhibited consistently strong performance, with its zero hidden-layer model showing the highest ASR. Conversely, PPO underperformed across all configurations, with negative returns in the zero-layer setup and marginal improvements with added complexity. …”
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Application oriented cross-layer multi-channel MAC protocol for VANET by Cai-xia SONG, Guo-zhen TAN, Nan DING, Jun-ling BU, Fu-xin ZHANG, Ming-jian LIU

“…An application oriented cross-layer multi-channel(AOCM)MAC protocol was proposed for VANET.The AOCM protocol could derive the optimal control channel(CCH)interval to ensure the timely and reliable transmission of safety messages on the CCH,based on real-time statistics and prediction for different types of sages coming from upper application layer.In the service channels(SCH),the proposed protocol relies on a reservation mechanism for con-tention-free transmission,so as to improve the throughput of SCH.The proposed protocol was suitable for both saturation and unsaturation conditions,and has low computational complexity and high scalability.Extensive simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the AOCM protocol compared with other existing protocols.…”
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Application oriented cross-layer multi-channel MAC protocol for VANET by Cai-xia SONG, Guo-zhen TAN, Nan DING, Jun-ling BU, Fu-xin ZHANG, Ming-jian LIU

“…An application oriented cross-layer multi-channel(AOCM)MAC protocol was proposed for VANET.The AOCM protocol could derive the optimal control channel(CCH)interval to ensure the timely and reliable transmission of safety messages on the CCH,based on real-time statistics and prediction for different types of sages coming from upper application layer.In the service channels(SCH),the proposed protocol relies on a reservation mechanism for con-tention-free transmission,so as to improve the throughput of SCH.The proposed protocol was suitable for both saturation and unsaturation conditions,and has low computational complexity and high scalability.Extensive simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the AOCM protocol compared with other existing protocols.…”
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SV-SAE: Layer-Wise Pruning for Autoencoder Based on Link Contributions by Joohong Rheey, Hyunggon Park

“…This paper introduces a layer-wise pruning algorithm specifically for multilayer perceptron-based autoencoders. …”
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DED Powder Modification for Single-Layer Coatings on High-Strength Steels by Unai Garate, Enara Mardaras, Jon Arruabarrena, Garikoitz Artola, Aitzol Lamikiz, Luis Norberto López de Lacalle

“…Although the application of multiple layers can gradually reduce this dilution effect, it introduces additional complexity and processing time. …”
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III-Nitride Deep UV LED Without Electron Blocking Layer by Zhongjie Ren, Yi Lu, Hsin-Hung Yao, Haiding Sun, Che-Hao Liao, Jiangnan Dai, Changqing Chen, Jae-Hyun Ryou, Jianchang Yan, Junxi Wang, Jinmin Li, Xiaohang Li

“…AlGaN-based deep UV (DUV) LEDs generally employ a p-type electron blocking layer (EBL) to suppress electron overflow. However, Al-rich III-nitride EBL can result in challenging p-doping and large valence band barrier for hole injection as well as epitaxial complexity. …”
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Art of Engineering Inspired by Nature by saeed mashayekh faridani

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Application of the Turbulent Potential Model to Unsteady Flows and Three-Dimensional Boundary Layers by J. Blair Perot, Sasanka Are, Xing Zhang

“…The flow in a spanwise-driven channel flow and over a swept bump are used to evaluate the turbulent potential model's ability to predict complex three-dimensional boundary layers. Results of turbulent vortex shedding behind a triangular and a square cylinder are also presented in order to evaluate the model's ability to predict unsteady flows. …”
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Three layers thermal protection system modeling by Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative by Rafał Brociek, Edyta Hetmaniok, Damian Słota

“…The system is considered as a three-layer structure, where the temperature distribution in the first two layers follows the classical heat conduction equation. …”
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