Fluorescence Enhancement of Fluorescent Unnatural Streptavidin by Binding of a Biotin Analogue with Spacer Tail and Its Application to Biotin Sensing by Xianwei Zhu, Hiroaki Shinohara

“…We designed a novel molecular biosensing system for the detection of biotin, an important vitamin by the combination of fluorescent unnatural streptavidin with a commercialized biotin-(AC5)2-hydrazide. …”
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Gene VIII-Based, Phage-Display Vectors for Selection Against Complex Mixtures of Ligands by Karin Jacobsson, Lars Frykberg

“…This enables detection of putatively correct clones after selection of a shotgun phagedisplay library both against purified ligands and more complex materials like calf serum.…”
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Association between response to albendazole treatment and β-tubulin genotype frequencies in soil-transmitted helminths. by Aïssatou Diawara, Carli M Halpenny, Thomas S Churcher, Charles Mwandawiro, Jimmy Kihara, Ray M Kaplan, Thomas G Streit, Youssef Idaghdour, Marilyn E Scott, Maria-Gloria Basáñez, Roger K Prichard

“…<h4>Findings</h4>In T. trichiura, polymorphism was detected at codon 200. Following treatment, there was a significant increase, from 3.1% to 55.3%, of homozygous resistance-type in Haiti, and from 51.3% to 67.8% in Kenya (ERRs were 49.7% and 10.1%, respectively). …”
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UGA Read-Through Artifacts—When Popular Gene Expression Systems Need a pATCH by Gavin MacBeath, Peter Kast

“…Mass spectrometry indicated that tryptophan is inserted at the UGA (opal) stop codon in the examined non-opal suppressor strains; no evidence for translational frameshifting was detected. …”
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Analysis of Isoniazid, Streptomycin and Ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Morocco by Imane Chaoui, Radia Sabouni, Moussa Kourout, Annemie M. Jordaan, Ouafae Lahlou, Rajae Elouad, Mohammed Akrim, Thomas C. Victor, Mohammed Elmzibri

“…Nucleotide mutations at codons 43 and 88 of rpsL gene and at codon 512 of rrs gene were found respectively in 12.1% (7/58); 1.7% (1/58) and 3.4% (2/58) of the phenotypically SM resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. …”
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The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Thymus mongolicus</i> and Its Phylogenetic Relationship with Lamiaceae Species by Na Na, Zinian Wu, Zhiyong Wang, Yanting Yang, Chunyu Tian, Lin Zhu, Taiyou Ou, Xiaofei Chen, Hongyan Xia, Zhiyong Li

“…An analysis of the mitogenome codons revealed that synonymous codons generally end with A/U. …”
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Phylogenomic Signatures of a Lineage of Vesicular Stomatitis Indiana Virus Circulating During the 2019–2020 Epidemic in the United States by Selene Zarate, Miranda Bertram, Case Rodgers, Kirsten Reed, Angela Pelzel-McCluskey, Ninnet Gomez-Romero, Luis L. Rodriguez, Christie Mayo, Chad Mire, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas

“…Our analyses identified multiple codon sites under positive selection and the association of these sites with specific functional domains at P, M, G, and L proteins. …”
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Complete mitochondrial genome assembly and comparative analysis of Colocasia esculenta by Huinan Li, Lili Liu, Zuyang Qiu, Fanglian He, Weiqing Dong

“…A total of 55 genes, 157 simple sequence repeats, 29 tandem repeat sequences, 202 dispersed repeat sequences, and 625 RNA editing sites were detected. Most protein-coding genes use ATG as the start codon, and the third position of the codon tends to be A or T (U). …”
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PREVALENCE OF ß-THALASSEMIA MUTATIONS AMONG NORTHEASTERN IRANIAN POPULATION AND THEIR IMPACTS ON HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES AND APPLICATION OF PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, A SEVEN-YEARS STUDY by Mohammad Ehsan Jaripour, Kourosh Hayatigolkhatmi, Vahid Iranmanesh, Farhad Khadivi Zand, Zahra Badiei, Hamid Farhangi, Ali Ghasemi, Abdollah Banihashem, Reza Jafarzadeh Esfehani, Ariane Sadr-Nabavi

“…Results: Among 1273 ß-thalassemia carriers, the prevalence of the mutations were reported as follows: IVS-I-5 (42.03%), IVS-II-1 (11.23%), Codons 8/9 (4.79%), Codon 44 (4.56%), codon 15 (3.53%), Los Angeles (2.91%), Codon 5 (2.75%), IVS-I-110 (2.51%), -88 (2.20%) and other mutations were less than 2% of all of the reported mutations. 644 conceptions were subjected to prenatal diagnosis, using chorionic villus sampling. 118 cases were reported as normal. 352 cases were detected as carriers. 174 cases were diagnosed as affected. …”
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Case report of metastatic colorectal cancer associated with <i>KRAS</i> A146V and A59G mutations by O. I. Kit, N. N. Timoshkina, D. Yu. Gvaldin, N. V. Soldatkina, Yu. A. Gevorkyan

“…In the presented case 1, the KRAS A146V mutation was detected, the frequency of its detection in our practice of testing 2103 cases of CRC was 0.48%. …”
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The Sulfate-Rich and Extreme Saline Sediment of the Ephemeral Tirez Lagoon: A Biotope for Acetoclastic Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria and Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenic Archaea by Lilia Montoya, Irma Lozada-Chávez, Ricardo Amils, Nuria Rodriguez, Irma Marín

“…We also estimated amino acid composition, GC content, and preferential codon usage for the AprA and McrA sequences from halophiles, nonhalophiles, and Tirez phylotypes. …”
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A nucleolus-predominant piggyBac transposase, NP-mPB, mediates elevated transposition efficiency in mammalian cells. by Jin-Bon Hong, Fu-Ju Chou, Amy T Ku, Hsiang-Hsuan Fan, Tung-Lung Lee, Yung-Hsin Huang, Tsung-Lin Yang, I-Chang Su, I-Shing Yu, Shu-Wha Lin, Chung-Liang Chien, Hong-Nerng Ho, You-Tzung Chen

“…Here we describe the construction of a nucleolus-predominant PBase, NP-mPB, by adding a nucleolus-predominant (NP) signal peptide from HIV-1 TAT protein to a mammalian codon-optimized PBase (mPB). Although there is a predominant fraction of the NP-mPB-tGFP fusion proteins concentrated in the nucleoli, an insertion site preference toward nucleolar organizer regions is not detected. …”
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Preclinical evaluation of AAV9-coSMN1 gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy: efficacy and safety in mouse models and non-human primates by Wenhao Ma, Zhijie Wu, Tianyi Zhao, Yan Xia, Jing Qin, Xue Tian, Xin Li, Jun He, Yan Zhang, Lina Zhang, Li Li, Zheyue Dong, Zhichun Feng, Xiaoyan Dong, Wang Sheng, Xiaobing Wu

“…Our team has initiated clinical trials using adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vectors carrying a codon-optimized human SMN1 (coSMN1) gene, delivered via intrathecal (IT) injection. …”
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Dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene mutation study in HIV-Infected Indian patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia by Anuj Kumar Tyagi, Bijay Ranjan Mirdha, Kalpana Luthra, Randeep Guleria, Anant Mohan, Urvashi Balbir Singh, Jyotish Chandra Samantaray, Lalit Dar, Venkateswaran K Iyer, Rama Chaudhry

“…P. jirovecii DHPS gene was amplified by nested PCR protocol and sequenced for detecting mutations at the 55th and 57th codons. …”
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Somatic mutations in exocrine pancreatic tumors: association with patient survival. by P Sivaramakrishna Rachakonda, Andrea S Bauer, Huaping Xie, Daniele Campa, Cosmeri Rizzato, Federico Canzian, Stefania Beghelli, William Greenhalf, Eithne Costello, Michaela Schanne, Anette Heller, Aldo Scarpa, John P Neoptolemos, Jens Werner, Markus Büchler, Jörg D Hoheisel, Kari Hemminki, Nathalia Giese, Rajiv Kumar

“…Mutations in KRAS were detected in 134 tumors, with 131 in codon 12 and only 3 in codon 61. …”
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SPECTRUM OF BETA GLOBIN GENE MUTATIONS IN EGYPTIAN CHILDREN WITH β- THALASSEMIA by MR El-Shanshory, Adel Abd Elhaleim Hagag

“…PCR based techniques, including direct DNA sequencing are effective on the molecular detection and characterization of these mutations. …”
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A mouse model of early-onset renal failure due to a xanthine dehydrogenase nonsense mutation. by Sian E Piret, Christopher T Esapa, Caroline M Gorvin, Rosie Head, Nellie Y Loh, Olivier Devuyst, Gethin Thomas, Steve D M Brown, Matthew Brown, Peter Croucher, Roger Cox, Rajesh V Thakker

“…DNA sequencing of the xanthine dehydrogenase (Xdh) gene revealed a nonsense mutation at codon 26 that co-segregated with affected RENF mice. …”
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Genome-wide proximity between RNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase I supports transcription in Streptococcus pneumoniae. by María-José Ferrándiz, Pablo Hernández, Adela G de la Campa

“…Both enzymes occupied a narrow region close to the ATG codon. In addition, RNAP displayed a regular distribution throughout the coding regions. …”
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Comparative analysis of 18 chloroplast genomes reveals genomic diversity and evolutionary dynamics in subtribe Malaxidinae (Orchidaceae) by Lin Li, Wenting Yang, Qiang Liu, Xingyou Jiang, Kunlin Wu, Lin Fang, Mingzhi Li, Songjun Zeng, Shijin Li

“…Through codon usage bias analysis, we established that natural selection serves as the predominant evolutionary force shaping codon usage patterns in most Malaxidinae species. …”
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Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency caused by a deep intronic deletion leading to aberrant splicing by Thomas Cassini, Sarah Silverstein, Molly Behan, Cynthia J. Tifft, May Christine Malicdan, David R. Adams, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Sun‐Young Ahn, Debra S. Regier

“…Subsequent evaluation by the Undiagnosed Diseases Network with genome and transcriptome sequencing revealed a rare maternally inherited 17 base pair deletion in HADHB, NM_000183.3:c.1390‐515_1390‐499del, located in the final intron and resulting in a pseudoexon that harbors a premature termination codon. Both sisters were compound heterozygous for this and the paternal premature termination codon. …”
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