Rapid, Sensitive Detection of Mutant Alleles in Codon 12 of K-ras by REMS-PCR by N.J. Roberts, H.L. Impey, T.L. Applegate, C.J. Fuery, R.L. Ward, A.V. Todd

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Assays to detect beta-tubulin codon 200 polymorphism in Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides. by Aissatou Diawara, Lesley J Drake, Richard R Suswillo, Jimmy Kihara, Donald A P Bundy, Marilyn E Scott, Carli Halpenny, J Russell Stothard, Roger K Prichard

“…<h4>Method and findings</h4>Pyrosequencing assays were developed and evaluated for detecting the TTC or TAC SNP at codon 200 in beta-tubulin in A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura. …”
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Single-Tubed Wild-Type Blocking Quantitative PCR Detection Assay for the Sensitive Detection of Codon 12 and 13 KRAS Mutations. by Jun-Fu Huang, Dong-Zhu Zeng, Guang-Jie Duan, Yan Shi, Guo-Hong Deng, Han Xia, Han-Qing Xu, Na Zhao, Wei-Ling Fu, Qing Huang

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Child with RET proto-oncogene codon 634 mutation by Dilek İnce, Kamer Mutafoglu, Erdener Özer, Ayhan Abacı, Filiz Hazan, Osman Zeki Karakuş, Hale Tuhan, Yeşim Oymak, Eda Ataseven, Bengü Demirağ, Nur Olgun

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Comparative genomics of thermosynechococcaceae and thermostichaceae: insights into codon usage bias by Qiao-Hui Mou, Zhe Hu, Jing Zhang, Maurycy Daroch, Jie Tang

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Selection on synonymous codon usage in soybean (Glycine max) WRKY genes by Krishnendu Sinha, Sourav Jana, Payel Pramanik, Bithika Bera

“…CUB was analyzed using various indices, revealing a preference for A/T-ending codons and relatively low codon bias. Codon adaptation index (CAI) analysis suggested that these genes are optimized for efficient translation despite relatively low bias, reflecting a balance between codon diversity and translation efficiency. …”
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Expression and characterization of a codon-optimized butyrylcholinesterase for analysis of organophosphate insecticide residues by Jing-jing TIAN, Xiang-ning CHEN, Yuan-hong XIE, Yong LU, Wen-tao XU, Li XU, Bin DU

“…Organophosphate compounds can cause irreversible inhibition of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8), which are both candidates for rapid detection of organophosphate pesticides. To develop an easy-to-handle method for detecting organophosphate pesticides using BChE, BChE from human was optimized according to the codon usage bias of Pichia pastoris and successfully expressed in P. pastoris GS115. …”
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Codon usage bias is presumably affected by tRNA selection effects in Actinidia polyploidization events by Yi Zhou, Zhilu Sheng, Dongbin Li, Wencui Li, Yujia Peng, Zhaopeng Song, Zhanjun Quan, Yongbo Liu

“…No significant difference in CUB was detected among the subgenomes of A. deliciosa. Diploid A. chinensis and polyploid A. deliciosa shared some optimal codons, such as proline (CCG, CCA), glycine (GGC), and leucine (CTG). …”
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Comparative Genomics Insights Into the Evolutionary Disparities Between Nitroplast‐Evolved Ecotype UCYN‐A2 and Its Closest Relative UCYN‐A1 by Shiyun Han, Sijia Zhang, Wen Ge, Jianke Yang, Hui Peng, Jinming Gao, Mengsa Zhang, Yingying Xiao, Dongsheng Du, Xianzhao Kan

“…Furthermore, the findings of this work will definitely promote our current understanding of codon aversion and the evolution of UCYN‐A.…”
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Deletion, insertion and stop codon mutations in vif genes of HIV-1 infecting slow progressor patients by Héctor Rafael Rangel, Domingo Garzaro, Anny Karely Rodríguez, Alvaro Hernán Ramírez, Gladys Ameli, Cristina del Rosario Gutiérrez, Flor Helene Pujol

“…Conclusions: Different kind of mutation: deletion, insertion and stop codon, were detected in 3/14 samples from SP, with co-circulation of a 195 bp vif deletion virus with a wild type in one of these patients. …”
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Reactivity of human antisera to codon optimized SARS-CoV2 viral proteins expressed in Escherichia coli by Yee-Huan Toh, Yu-Weng Huang, Yo-Chen Chang, Yi-Ting Chen, Ya-Ting Hsu, Guang-Huey Lin

“…Conclusion: The results indicated that codon-optimized SARS-CoV2 viral proteins can be expressed in E. coli and purified for rapid antibody detection kit preparation, with the codon-optimized N protein, RBD, and S2 protein demonstrating the most potential.…”
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Genetic profile of scrapie codons 146, 211 and 222 in the PRNP gene locus in three breeds of dairy goats. by Sotiria Vouraki, Athanasios I Gelasakis, Panoraia Alexandri, Evridiki Boukouvala, Loukia V Ekateriniadou, Georgios Banos, Georgios Arsenos

“…Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples from individual animals. Polymorphisms were detected in these codons using Real-Time PCR analysis and four different Custom TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays. …”
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Lung Adenocarcinoma Expressing an EML4‐ALK Fusion Transcript With Premature Stop Codons and Response to Alectinib: A Case Report by Mami Ozaki, Hiroaki Ikushima, Masaki Suzuki, Akira Yokoyama, Kensuke Fukuda, Kousuke Watanabe, Aya Shinozaki‐Ushiku, Motohiro Kato, Tetsuo Ushiku, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Katsutoshi Oda, Hidenori Kage

“…This resulted in a stop codon being retained in the unspliced ALK intron 19, preventing fusion protein translation. …”
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Assessment of Genetic Stability Among Micropropagated Prunus dulcis Plantlets Using SCoT Markers in Duhok Province Kurdistan Region/Iraq by Diana SALEH, Jaladet JUBRAEL, Mosleh SALEH DUHOKY

“…The novel DNA marker technique, namely Start Codon Targeted (SCoT), was used to assess genetic stability of in vitro raised plants of Prunus dulcis. …”
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Regional and Gender-Based Distribution of KRAS Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients in Turkey: An Observational Study by Nurullah Ilhan, Faysal Dane, Erdem Goker, Kazım Uygun, Bülent Orhan, Kerem Okutur, İlkay Tuğba Ünek, Abdurrahman Işıkdoğan, Ahmet Bilici, Nurullah Zengin, Necati Alkış, İdris Yücel, Hatice Odabaş, Berna Ömür Öksüzoğlu, Akif Doğan, Hande Nur Erölmez, Mahmut Gümüş

“…The mutation rate was significantly higher in female patients (48.8%) compared to male patients (42.6%) (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Codon 12 mutations were more frequent than codon 13 mutations. …”
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CHAMP1 premature termination codon mutations found in individuals with intellectual disability cause a homologous recombination defect through haploinsufficiency by Yujiro Yoshizaki, Yunosuke Ouchi, Dicky Kurniawan, Eisuke Yumoto, Yuki Yoneyama, Faiza Ramadhani Rizqullah, Hiyori Sato, Mirjam Hanako Sarholz, Toyoaki Natsume, Masato T. Kanemaki, Masanori Ikeda, Ayako Ui, Kenji Iemura, Kozo Tanaka

“…The majority of the mutations are premature termination codon (PTC) mutations, while missense mutations have also been reported. …”
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Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes and phylogenetic analysis of Vitex by XIU Zhiying1, ZHAO Yanling1, CHENG Yongqin2, JIA Yun3, YANG Yanci1*

“…The chloroplast genome encoded 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes.(2)The 12 chloroplast genomes of Vitex were highly conserved in terms of genome length, boundary position of IR region, number of encoded genes and GC content.(3)A total of 31 high frequency codons and six common optimal codons were detected in 12 chloroplast genomes of Vitex. …”
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The complete chloroplast genome of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass., 1820 (Carduoideae, Asteraceae) and its phylogenetic analysis by Sheng Wentao

“…The chloroplast genome of G. piloselloides contains 22,772 codons, with leucine-coding codons being the most abundant. …”
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deep-Sep: a deep learning-based method for fast and accurate prediction of selenoprotein genes in bacteria by Yao Xiao, Yan Zhang

“…This algorithm uses a Transformer-based neural network architecture to construct an optimal model for detecting Sec-encoding UGA codons and a homology search-based strategy to remove additional false positives. …”
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Study on Hb H disease caused by the α2-globin gene initiation codon ATG > GTG mutation combined with Southeast Asian deletional α-thalassemia by Xiaobi LIU, Xuan XIAO, Hengying ZHU, Ping CHEN

“…Conclusion The Hb H disease caused by α2-globin gene initiation codon ATG > GTG mutation combined with the Southeast Asian deletional α-thalassemia was identified in the Guangxi region for the first time. …”
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