Characteristics and contributing factors of adverse drug reactions: an analytical study of patients with tuberculosis receiving treatment under the National TB Program of India [ve... by Jay Patel, Priya Bhavsar, Harsh Shah, Sandul Yasobant, Deepak Saxena, Anish Sinha, Somen Saha, Yogesh Patel

“…A total of 593 reported TB patients were recruited with an adjusted unified distribution based on the type of cases, site of diseases, and service facility through a simple random sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire tool was used to collect socio-demographic, clinical, and ADR-related data from the TB patients. …”
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Impact of prenatal triclosan exposure on ADHD-like symptoms in school-aged children by Jingjing LI, Xiaomeng CHENG, Yan ZHANG, Luanluan LI, Xiaodan YU, Ying TIAN, Yu GAO

“…Further differentiation of ADHD-like symptom subtypes (inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive) was conducted using the SNAP-IV, a clinically validated ADHD screening tool. Negative binomial regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between prenatal TCS exposure and hyperactive behavior (SDQ assessment) as well as ADHD-like symptom subtypes (SNAP-IV assessment) in 7-year-old children.ResultsThe positive rate of TCS in early pregnancy urine samples was 91.39%, with median concentrations of 0.69 μg·L−1 and 0.63 μg·g−1 before and after the creatinine adjustment, respectively. …”
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Protocol for an observational study to identify potential predictors of an acute exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (the PACE Study) by Klaus Kenn, Paul W Jones, Carmen Schade-Brittinger, Rainer Gloeckl, Daniela Leitl, Tessa Schneeberger, Inga Jarosch, Wolfgang Hitzl, Peter Alter, Bernd Sczepanski, Sandra Winterkamp, Martina Boensch, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Olaf Holz, Claus F Vogelmeier, Andreas R Koczulla

“…Regression analyses and a generalised linear model with a binomial outcome (AECOPD) will be applied to test if predictors are significant.Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the Ethical Committee of the Philipps University Marburg, Germany (No. 61/19). …”
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Prevalence and predictors of percutaneous injuries among health workers in Ghana: a cross-sectional study by Philip Apraku Tawiah, Philip Apraku Tawiah, Emmanuel Appiah-Brempong, Paul Okyere, Geoffrey Adu-Fosu, Mary Eyram Ashinyo, Mary Eyram Ashinyo, Florence Shine Edziah, Florence Shine Edziah, Emmanuel Daitey Amesimeku, Emmanuel Daitey Amesimeku, Priscilla Appiah Baffoe

“…Study participants were selected using simple random sampling. Analysis was performed using Stata 15 software, and factors associated with PI were identified using log-binomial regression analysis, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of PI was 26.9% (95% CI: 23.4–30.6%). …”
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Changes in social contacts in England during the COVID-19 pandemic between March 2020 and March 2021 as measured by the CoMix survey: A repeated cross-sectional study. by Amy Gimma, James D Munday, Kerry L M Wong, Pietro Coletti, Kevin van Zandvoort, Kiesha Prem, CMMID COVID-19 working group, Petra Klepac, G James Rubin, Sebastian Funk, W John Edmunds, Christopher I Jarvis

“…<h4>Methods and findings</h4>The repeated cross-sectional survey data were collected using online surveys of representative samples of the UK population by age and gender. Survey participants were recruited by the online market research company Ipsos MORI through internet-based banner and social media ads and email campaigns. …”
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Malaria, malnutrition, and birthweight: A meta-analysis using individual participant data. by Jordan E Cates, Holger W Unger, Valerie Briand, Nadine Fievet, Innocent Valea, Halidou Tinto, Halidou Tinto, Umberto D'Alessandro, Sarah H Landis, Seth Adu-Afarwuah, Kathryn G Dewey, Feiko O Ter Kuile, Meghna Desai, Stephanie Dellicour, Peter Ouma, Julie Gutman, Martina Oneko, Laurence Slutsker, Dianne J Terlouw, Simon Kariuki, John Ayisi, Mwayiwawo Madanitsa, Victor Mwapasa, Per Ashorn, Kenneth Maleta, Ivo Mueller, Danielle Stanisic, Christentze Schmiegelow, John P A Lusingu, Anna Maria van Eijk, Melissa Bauserman, Linda Adair, Stephen R Cole, Daniel Westreich, Steven Meshnick, Stephen Rogerson

“…Study-specific adjusted effect estimates were calculated using inverse probability of treatment-weighted linear and log-binomial regression models and pooled using a random-effects model. …”
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Effect of airtime incentives on response and cooperation rates in non-communicable disease interactive voice response surveys: randomised controlled trials in Bangladesh and Uganda by Saifuddin Ahmed, Dustin G Gibson, Adaeze C. Wosu, George William Pariyo, Joseph Ali, Alain B Labrique, Iqbal Ansary Khan, Elizeus Rutebemberwa

“…Adults aged 18 years and older who had a working mobile phone were sampled using random digit dialling. The primary outcomes, cooperation and response rates as defined by the American Association of Public Opinion Research, were analysed using log-binomial regression model.Results Between 14 June and 14 July 2017, 440 262 phone calls were made in Bangladesh. …”
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Lifestyle and comorbid conditions as risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in outpatient adults (NEUMO-ES-RISK project) by Irene Rivero-Calle, Miriam Cebey-López, Jacobo Pardo-Seco, José Yuste, Esther Redondo, Diego A Vargas, Enrique Mascarós, Jose Luis Díaz-Maroto, Manuel Linares-Rufo, Isabel Jimeno, Angel Gil, Jesus Molina, Daniel Ocaña, Federico Martinón-Torres, F Martinón-Torres, D Vargas, E Mascarós, E Redondo, J Molina, JL Díaz Maroto, M Linares, A Gil, D Ocaña, I Rivero-Calle

“…Binomial regression models were constructed to avoid bias effects.Results 51 139 patients and 102 372 controls were compared. …”
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Deciphering community-level knowledge of obstetric fistula and determinants: perspectives elucidated by ordinal logistic regression by Miteku Andualem Limenih, Alemakef Wagnew Melesse, Chernet Baye, Beletew Shewabere, Eskedar Getie Mekonnen, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Aster Berhe, Destaye Shiferaw Alemu, Wagaye Fentahun Chanie

“…Households were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and exact binomial confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. …”
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Current Enzooticity of <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> and <i>Angiostrongylus vasorum</i> in Central and Southern Italy by Donato Traversa, Simone Morelli, Angela Di Cesare, Chiara Astuti, Alessandra Barlaam, Mariasole Colombo, Fabrizia Veronesi, Barbara Paoletti, Raffaella Iorio, Raffaella Maggi, Alessandra Passarelli, Alessia Pede, Linda Rossi, Manuela Diaferia

“…Binomial logistic regression was performed to evaluate statistically significant associations between positivity for <i>D. immitis</i> and/or <i>A. vasorum</i> and potential risk factors. …”
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Characterising the effects of displacement on gender-based violence among women living with HIV in Ukraine: a cross-sectional study by Stefan David Baral, Carrie Lyons, Althea Wolfe, Mary Anne Roach, Gnilane Turpin, Omar Syarif, Pim Looze, Katarzyna Lalak, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Yi-Chi Chiu, Alexandra Volgina, Sophie Brion, Keren Dunaway, Olena Stryzhak, Daria Ocheret, Laurel Sprague, Carlos Garcia de Leon Moreno, Katherine B Rucinski

“…WLHIV were recruited throughout Ukraine through limited chain referral and venue-based sampling. All participants completed a sociobehavioural questionnaire. …”
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Prevalence and risk factors for dental caries among 3-year-old children in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study by Shuran Yao, Jing Zhu, Hao Zhang, Huning Wang, Dongxin Da, Jin Yu, Yiwei Jiang, Hongru Su, Hongyan Shi, Qiwen Chen, Zhengang Wu, Jiangtao You, Xiaoli Zeng, Ying Zhang

“…Methods This cross-sectional study involved 1,241 3-year-old children from six Shanghai districts, selected via stratified random sampling. The study used an oral health questionnaire and clinical examinations by trained examiners following WHO guidelines. …”
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Markers of placental function correlate with prevalence and quantity of nucleated fetal cells in maternal circulation in normotensive term pregnancies by Heidi E. Fjeldstad, Daniel P. Jacobsen, Guro M. Johnsen, Meryam Sugulle, Angel Chae, Sami B. Kanaan, Hilary S. Gammill, Anne Cathrine Staff

“…We extracted DNA from maternal and fetal samples and genotyped four human leukocyte antigen loci and 17 other autosomal loci. …”
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Challenges in Integrating Influenza Vaccination Among Older People in National Immunisation Program: A Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, a... by Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim, Rosnah Sutan, Noor Harzana Harrun, Faiz Daud, Noraliza Noordin Merican, Sheleaswani Inche Zainal Abidin, Ho Bee Kiau, Azniza Muhamad Radzi, Nagammai Thiagarajan, Norhaslinda Ishak, Tay Chai Li, Radziah Abdul Rashid, Sally Suriani Ahip, Nor Hazlin Talib, Saidatul Norbaya Buang, Noor Ani Ahmad, Zamberi Sekawi, Tan Maw Pin

“…These centres were selected using proportionate to population size (PPS) sampling to ensure representation from each zone. Participants completed a validated self-reported questionnaire. …”
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Characterisation of the respiratory syncytial virus seasonality and its environmental factors in the Americas—a multi-country observational study using routine surveillance network... by Paula Couto, Harry Campbell, You Li, Marc Rondy, Juliana Leite, Angel Rodriguez, Andrea Vicari, Harish Nair, Andrea Pontoriero, Carlos Maria Giovacchini, Julio Sabido, Mellissa Diaz Musa, Jorge Polanco, Marcelo Ferreira da Costa Gomes, Felipe Cotrim de Carvalho, Liza Lee, Rodrigo A. Fasce, Natalia Alejandra Vergara Mallegas, Paula Camila Rodriguez Ferrari, Paula Rodríguez-Romero, Angélica María Rico Turca, Elias Guilarte García, Ronald Skewes-Ramn, Ruth Gómez Carrera, Ana Del Carmen Sanchez de Molina, Laura Lissette Arévalo Avila, Maria del Mar Ordoñez, Selene Gonzales, Robert Camargo Ángeles, Laura Adriana Flores Cisneros, Irma López Martínez, Catherine Lissette Castillo Castillo, Danilo Franco, Katia Peralta, Cynthia Vazquez de Lopez Moreira, Lidia Redondo Bravo, Priscila Born, Jorge Jara, Paula Couto, Harry Campbell, You Li, Marc Rondy, Angel Rodriguez, Juliana Leite, Andrea Vicari, Harish Nair

“…Findings: During 2010–2019, 32 countries in the Americas reported 14,308,503 respiratory samples, with 446,648 RSV-positive (3.12%) samples. …”
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Associations of adverse childhood and adulthood experiences with depressive and anxiety symptoms among rural left-behind women: A cross-sectional study in China by Shiyi Shan, Yuanfei Liu, Leying Hou, Denan Jiang, Chenhao Zhang, Jing Wu, Zeyu Luo, Jiayao Ying, Wen Liu, Peige Song

“…Rural left-behind women were recruited using a multistage-stratified random sampling method. Data on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adverse adulthood experiences (AAEs) were collected through structured interviews. …”
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Is rotavirus aetiology in young children with acute diarrhoea associated with sociodemographic and clinical factors, including rotavirus vaccination status? A secondary cross-secti... by Jie Liu, Christopher R Sudfeld, Per Ashorn, Queen Dube, Tahmeed Ahmed, Pratibha Dhingra, Usha Dhingra, Arup Dutta, Sunil Sazawal, Karim Manji, Rodrick Kisenge, Mohamed Bakari, Rajiv Bahl, Jonathon L Simon, Naor Bar-Zeev, Christopher Duggan, Ayesha De Costa, Nigel Cunliffe, Sadia Shakoor, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Farah Naz Qamar, Desiree Witte, Patricia B Pavlinac, Doreen Rwigi, Judd L Walson, Samba O Sow, Shahida Qureshi, Eric Houpt, James Platts-mills, Chifundo Ndamala, Sarah Somji, Abraham Samma, Fadima Cheick Haidara, Karen L Kotloff, Emily L Deichsel, Benson Singa, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Muhammad Waliur Rahman, Irin Parvin, Anil Kumar Sharma, Vijay Kumar Jaiswal, Churchil Nyabinda, Christine McGrath, Maurine Anyango, Kevin Mwangi Kariuki, Stephanie N Tornberg-Belanger, Flanon Coulibaly, Jasnehta Permala-Booth, Dramane Malle, Latif Ndeketa, Rozina Thobani, Jan Mohammed, Cecylia Msemwa, Md Farhad Kabir

“…We used stored stool samples of 6697 children aged 2–23 months old, presenting to a health facility with diarrhoea and increased risk of mortality. …”
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Prenatal exposure to per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and its association with Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDE) and dental caries in 4 years old children: Findings from Shan... by Kaiweisa Abuduxukuer, Huning Wang, Chuchu Wang, Xinyi Luo, Xiaoli Zeng, Dongxin Da, Jin Yu, Wenjian Lu, Jun Zhang, Ying Zhang, Jianfeng Luo, Hao Zhang

“…Logistic regression and zero-inflated negative binomial regression were used to examine associations between individual PFAS compounds and oral health outcomes. …”
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Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 virus among patients with acute febrile illness in selected sites of Ethiopia 2021–2022 by Musse Tadesse Chekol, Musse Tadesse Chekol, David Sugerman, Adamu Tayachew, Adamu Tayachew, Zelalem Mekuria, Neamin Tesfay, Aynalem Alemu, Aynalem Alemu, Andargachew Gashu, Andargachew Gashu, Wolde Shura, Melaku Gonta, Admikew Agune, Aster Hailemariam, Yonas Assefa, Mesfin Wossen, Abdulhafiz Hassen, Parsons Michele, Rachel Silver, Hulemenaw Delelegn, Lozano Briana, Tesfu Kasa, Nigatu Kebede

“…Clinical and epidemiological information was collected, Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected and analyzed using real-time PCR for respiratory viruses (influenza and SARS-CoV-2). …”
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Pre-assembled ECMO: Enhancing efficiency and reducing stress in refractory cardiac arrest care by Tharusan Thevathasan, Sonia Lech, Andreas Diefenbach, Elisa Bechthold, Tim Gaßmann, Sebastian Fester, Georg Girke, Wulf Knie, Benjamin T. Lukusa, Sebastian Kühn, Steffen Desch, Ulf Landmesser, Carsten Skurk

“…Methods: In a prospective manner, ECMO circuits were either pre-assembled and pre-primed under sterile conditions, maintained for 21 days with culture samples taken every seventh day, or newly assembled and primed during the acute emergency situation. …”
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