Susceptibility-induced internal gradients reveal axon morphology and cause anisotropic effects in the diffusion-weighted MRI signal by S. Winther, H. Lundell, J. Rafael-Patiño, M. Andersson, J.-P. Thiran, T. B. Dyrby

“…For an ex vivo monkey brain, we observe the orientation-dependence generated only when including non-circular cross-sections in the in silico morphological configurations, and find orientation-dependent deviation of up to 17% for diffusion tensor metrics. Interestingly, we find that the orientation-dependence not only biases the signal across different brain regions, but also carries a sensitivity to the morphology of axonal cross-sections which is not attainable by the idealised theoretical diffusion-weighted MRI signal.…”
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Particle-environment interactions in arbitrary dimensions: A unifying analytic framework to model diffusion with inert spatial heterogeneities by Seeralan Sarvaharman, Luca Giuggioli

“…Inert interactions between randomly moving entities and spatial disorder play a crucial role in quantifying the diffusive properties of a system, with examples ranging from molecules advancing along dendritic spines to antipredator displacements of animals due to sparse vegetation. …”
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Predicting the diffusion coefficients of rejuvenators into bitumens using molecular dynamics, machine learning, and force field atom types by Eli I. Assaf, Xueyan Liu, Peng Lin, Shisong Ren, Sandra Erkens

“…The MLM, built with 18 chemical descriptors for bitumen and rejuvenator sides, achieves an R2 of 0.97, accurately predicting diffusion across varied conditions. This approach abstracts away from the need for repeated MD simulations, enabling diffusion predictions even for systems outside the original dataset. …”
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The Molecular Dynamics of Signature Gas Diffusions in Synthetic-Ester-Based Oil Under a Range of Thermal Conditions by Liping Guo, Hongliang Wang, Weiwei Qi, Jun Zhang, Wu Lu

“…The results demonstrate that H₂ exhibits the highest diffusion capability across all temperatures, with a diffusion coefficient of 33.430 × 10⁻⁶ cm²/s at 343 K, increasing to 402.763 × 10⁻⁶ cm²/s at 473 K. …”
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Exploring the Social Validity and Diffusion Potential of Common Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention Strategies Implemented in Community Preschools by Sophia R. D’Agostino, Trenton J. Landon, Alyssa Roylance, Avery Briggs, Naima Bhana-Lopez

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Information-Guided Diffusion Model for Downscaling Land Surface Temperature from SDGSAT-1 Remote Sensing Images by Jianxin Wang, Zhitao Fu, Bohui Tang, Jianhui Xu

“…In this paper, we propose a novel approach, the Information-Guided Diffusion Model (IGDM), and apply it to downscale the SDGSAT-1 LST image. …”
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MED-AGNeT: An attention-guided network of customized augmentation of samples based on conditional diffusion for textile defect detection by Jun Liu, Haolin Li, Hao Liu, Jiuzhen Liang

“…Firstly, based on the diffusion model, a mask-embedding data augmentation method, MEDiffusion, is proposed. …”
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Methodology for Estimating Communication Reliability in Shortwave Radio-Frequency Transmission Channels with Rician Fading Given Ionospheric Diffusivity by V. P. Pashintsev, D. A. Belokon, S. A. Koval, A. D. Skorik

“…There exists a technique for estimating the dependence of communication reliability in a shortwave radio-frequency transmission channel (SWRC) with a single discrete beam and diffuse wave scattering across small-scale ionospheric inhomogeneities on the selected operating frequency taking into account the given signal-to-noise ratio and ionospheric diffusivity. …”
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A Novel Renewable Energy Scenario Generation Method Based on Multi-Resolution Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models by Donglin Li, Xiaoxin Zhao, Weimao Xu, Chao Ge, Chunzheng Li

“…To address this gap, this paper proposes a novel renewable energy scenario generation method based on a multi-resolution diffusion model. To accurately capture fluctuation characteristics across multiple time scales, we introduce a diffusion model in conjunction with a multi-scale time series decomposition approach, forming a multi-stage diffusion modeling framework capable of representing both long-term trends and short-term fluctuations in RES output. …”
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Modeling Hydrologically Mediated Hot Moments of Transient Anomalous Diffusion in Aquifers Using an Impulsive Fractional‐Derivative Equation by Yong Zhang, Xiaoting Liu, Dawei Lei, Maosheng Yin, HongGuang Sun, Zhilin Guo, Hongbin Zhan

“…Application results demonstrate that the IT‐fADE model and its solver successfully capture TAD induced by hydrologically trigged hot phenomena (including hot moments and hot spots) across three distinct aquifers: (a) transient sub‐diffusion arising from sudden shifts in hydraulic gradient within a regional‐scale alluvial aquifer, (b) transient sub‐ or super‐diffusion due to convergent or push‐pull tracer experiments within a local‐scale fractured aquifer, and (c) transient sub‐diffusion likely attributed to multiple‐conduit flow within an intermediate‐scale karst aquifer. …”
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Impact of glycemic control on brain microstructure in type 2 diabetes mellitus: insights from diffusion tensor imaging by Guanye Zhang, Huanhua Wu, Qian Cao, Jiabin Mo, Xiaozheng Cao, Hong Luo, Xiangyu Tan, Hongru Ou

“…Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were analyzed across multiple white matter regions. …”
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Quantitative analysis of the diffusion characteristics of China's long-term care insurance policy based on the PMC index model by Peixin Duan, Jiayi Wang, Ruisi Zhang, Haiyan Jia, Hui Sun, Yanfang Li

“…The LTCI policy still faces many challenges, such as limited funding sources and a narrow scope of care services. (2) The diffusion of LTCI policy across different regions and batches has the following characteristics: the diffusion of LTCI policy has followed an “M-shaped” curve over time. …”
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Association of CAR-T approval on outcomes in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma at the population level in the United States by John L. Vaughn, Angela Ramdhanny, Malak Munir, Sravani Rimmalapudi, Narendranath Epperla

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Evaluation and Improvement of Ocean Color Algorithms for Chlorophyll-<i>a</i> and Diffuse Attenuation Coefficients in the Arctic Shelf by Yubin Yao, Tao Li, Qing Xu, Xiaogang Xing, Xingyuan Zhu, Yubao Qiu

“…In this study, we present a systematic multi-year evaluation of commonly used empirical and semi-analytical ocean color algorithms across the western Arctic shelf, based on seven expeditions and 240 in situ observation stations. …”
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Artesunate induces ferroptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by targeting PRDX1 and PRDX2 by Xiaohui Liu, Liyi Zeng, Jing Liu, Yulun Huang, Hua Yao, Jinman Zhong, Jiewen Tan, Xuenjuan Gao, Dan Xiong, Langxia Liu

“…Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most prevalent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), is characterized by rapid growth and an unfavorable prognosis. …”
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Spectral Evolution of Pickup Ions across Interplanetary Shocks in the Outer Heliosphere: Observational Constraints and Transport Simulations by Weining Wang, Jiansen He, Die Duan, Zhongwei Yang, Linghua Wang, Hui Li

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Alternative Fuels as a Sustainable Innovation in Vehicle Fleet Across the EU–27: Diagnosis and Prospects for Development by Sylwia Pangsy‑Kania, Justyna Biegańska, Floros Flouros

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Resilience of mobility network to dynamic population response across COVID-19 interventions: Evidences from Chile. by Pasquale Casaburi, Lorenzo Dall'Amico, Nicolò Gozzi, Kyriaki Kalimeri, Anna Sapienza, Rossano Schifanella, T Di Matteo, Leo Ferres, Mattia Mazzoli

“…As a proof of concept, we simulate and compare outcomes of an epidemic diffusion occurring in the two waves. While differences exist between factors associated with mobility reduction across waves in Chile, underscoring the dynamic nature of population response, our analysis reveals the resilience of the mobility network across the two waves. …”
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Hormonal Influences on ADC Values in Breast Tissues: A Scoping Review of DWI in Pre- and Post-menopausal Women [version 3; peer review: 2 approved] by Neil Barnes Abraham, Abhimanyu Pradhan, Suresh Sukumar, Sneha Ravichandran, Winniecia Dkhar, Rajagopal Kadavigere

“…Background Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, with early diagnosis and risk factor identification crucial for improving outcomes. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) measurements have emerged as promising tools in breast cancer diagnostics. …”
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An unusual glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius elucidates the diversity of glycerol metabolism across Archaea by Christian Schmerling, Carsten Schroeder, Xiaoxiao Zhou, Jan Bost, Bianca Waßmer, Sabrina Ninck, Tobias Busche, Lidia Montero, Farnusch Kaschani, Oliver J. Schmitz, Jörn Kalinowski, Markus Kaiser, Sonja-Verena Albers, Christopher Bräsen, Bettina Siebers

“…Finally, we explore the diversity of glycerol metabolism enzymes across the Archaea domain, revealing a high versatility of G3PDHs with respect to interacting proteins, electron transfer mechanisms, and modes of membrane anchoring. …”
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