Clinical and cost-effectiveness of detailed anomaly ultrasound screening in the first trimester: a mixed-methods study by Jehan N Karim, Helen Campbell, Pranav Pandya, Edward C F Wilson, Zarko Alfirevic, Trish Chudleigh, Elizabeth Duff, Jane Fisher, Hilary Goodman, Lisa Hinton, Christos Ioannou, Edmund Juszczak, Louise Linsell, Heather L Longworth, Kypros H Nicolaides, Anne Rhodes, Gordon Smith, Basky Thilaganathan, Jim Thornton, Gillian Yaz, Oliver Rivero-Arias, Aris T Papageorghiou

“…However, many severe and lethal anomalies can be detected earlier and routine first-trimester anomaly screening at 11–14 weeks may be a valuable addition to prenatal care. Objectives The objectives of this study were: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of first-trimester ultrasound for major structural anomalies through systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the literature and to understand how this screening should be optimally performed (i.e. anatomical protocol, anomalies to be targeted, gestational age window, ultrasound modality used and referral pathways). …”
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Design and Optimization of a Phase-Tunable Mixer Based on Cascaded Dual-Drive Mach–Zehnder Modulator Considering Nonlinear Behavior of Modulator by Ebrahim Darabi, Heidar Keshavarz

“…A novel approach maps the optimization problem of achieving desired phase shifts onto solving the shortest path problem, providing a fresh perspective on mixer design. …”
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Optimizing Car Collision Detection Using Large Dashcam-Based Datasets: A Comparative Study of Pre-Trained Models and Hyperparameter Configurations by Muhammad Shahid, Martin Gregurić, Amirhossein Hassani, Marko Ševrović

“…Experiments on a large dashcam-based images dataset show that ResNet50, optimized with AdamW, a learning rate of 0.0001, CosineAnnealingLR scheduler, and Focal Loss, emerged as the top performer, achieving an accuracy of 0.9782, F1-score of 0.9617, and IoU of 0.9262, indicating a strong ability to reduce false negatives.…”
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Application of system dynamics approach in developing health interventions to strengthen health systems to combat obesity: a systematic literature review and critical analysis by Lingyu Zheng, Yan Xue, Xianwen Chen, Carolina Oi Lam Ung, Hao Hu

“…This study aims to systematically review the application of system dynamics modelling (SDM) in obesity control, focusing on analyzing modelling methodologies and conducting a quality assessment of the included studies. …”
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Optimized Ethyl Chloroformate Derivatization Using a Box–Behnken Design for Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Quantification of Gallic Acid in Wine by Sofia Botta, Roberta Piacentini, Chiara Cappelletti, Alessio Incocciati, Alberto Boffi, Alessandra Bonamore, Alberto Macone

“…In this context, a derivatization protocol for gallic acid using ethyl chloroformate (ECF) was developed and optimized for GC-MS analysis, with experimental conditions refined through a Box–Behnken Design (BBD). …”
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House Swallow Optimizer: A New Meta-Heuristic Algorithm and Its Application for DOA Estimation of Broadband Signal in Vector Hydrophone Array by Jie Dong, Lifu Wang, Shuhui Qiao, Peng Wang, Xiuhui Tan

“…A new meta-heuristic algorithm, termed the House Swallow Optimizer (HSO), is proposed. …”
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Optimizing LoRaWAN Gateway Placement in Urban Environments: A Hybrid PSO-DE Algorithm Validated via HTZ Simulations by Kanar Alaa Al-Sammak, Sama Hussein Al-Gburi, Ion Marghescu, Ana-Maria Claudia Drăgulinescu, Cristina Marghescu, Alexandru Martian, Nayef A. M. Alduais, Nawar Alaa Hussein Al-Sammak

“…This study investigates how to optimize the placement of LoRaWAN gateways by using a combination of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE). …”
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Response surface optimization of ettringite precipitation method to remove sulfate from old kiln water in a closed pit coal mine by LI Qing, LI Shuoyang, HU Ziru, MIAO Zhijia, DAI Fenggang, YAN Qiaozhi, YU Qiqi, ZHAO Zhirui

“…The effects of initial pH, n(Al3+)/n(SO42-), n(Ca2+)/n(SO42-) on SO42- removal and the residues of Ca2+ and Al3+ were systematically analyzed by single factor test. The results showed that, under the conditions of initial pH=11.5, n(Al3+)/n(SO42-)=0.8, n(Ca2+)/n(SO42-)=1.5, reaction time of 1 h, the SO42- removal rate reached the highest of 81.85%, the romoval rates of Fe3+ and Mn2+ remained at a high level, and the residual concentrations of Ca2+ and Al3+ were 18.05 mg/L and 29.96 mg/L, respectively. …”
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A Hybrid GRA-TOPSIS-RFR Optimization Approach for Minimizing Burrs in Micro-Milling of Ti-6Al-4V Alloys by Rongkai Tan, Abhilash Puthanveettil Madathil, Qi Liu, Jian Cheng, Fengtao Lin

“…However, its practical applications are hindered by significant challenges, particularly the unavoidable generation of burrs, which complicate subsequent finishing processes and adversely affect overall part quality. To optimize the burr formation in the micro-milling of Ti-6Al-4V alloys, this study proposes a novel hybrid-ranking optimization algorithm that integrates Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). …”
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Machine learning-driven development of a stratified CES-D screening system: optimizing depression assessment through adaptive item selection by Ruo-Fei Xu, Zhen-Jing Liu, Shunan Ouyang, Qin Dong, Wen-Jing Yan, Dong-Wu Xu

“…Conclusions This study contributes to the refinement of CES-D by developing a machine learning-derived stratified screening version, offering an efficient and reliable approach that optimizes assessment burden while maintaining excellent psychometric properties. …”
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A new hybrid approach for solving partial differential equations: Combining Physics-Informed Neural Networks with Cat-and-Mouse based Optimization by Nursyiva Irsalinda, Maharani A. Bakar, Fatimah Noor Harun, Sugiyarto Surono, Danang A. Pratama

“…The proposed PINN-CMBO was systematically evaluated against state-of-the-art optimization methods, including PINN Adam, PINN L-BFGS, PINN Adam L-BFGS, and PINN PSO, across a diverse set of PDE categories. …”
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The impact of intermittent fasting on body composition and cardiometabolic outcomes in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled t... by Bingjie Wang, Chen Wang, Haixia Li

“…However, short-term IF (≤ 12 weeks) may have resulted in a temporary elevation of TG (MD: 13.22 mg/dl, 95% CI: 3.39, 23.05), whereas long-term intervention (> 12 weeks) optimized lipid metabolism benefits. …”
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Incidence of new osteoporotic adjacent vertebral body fractures. A comparison between conservative treatment and vertebral body augmentation (vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty): a system... by Panagiotis Korovessis, Vasileios Syrimpeis, Alkis Korovesis, Georgios Dimakopoulos

“…Study designA Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPurposeTo compare the incidence of New Adjacent Vertebral Fractures (ANVFs) in elderly patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures (OVCFs) undergoing either percutaneous vertebral augmentation—via Vertebroplasty (PVP) or Kyphoplasty (PKP)—or Conservative Treatment (CT). …”
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Parameters Optimization for Manufacturing Advanced Self-Reinforced Composites based on Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene by Eugene Statnik, Dmitry D. Zherebtsov, Dilus I. Chukov, Ilya I. Larin, Alnis A. Veveris, Valerii G. Torokhov, Alexander S. Kechekyan, Kristina Z. Myagkova, Iuliia A. Sadykova, Alexey I. Salimon, Alexander M. Korsunsky, Semen D. Ignatyev, Kamal M. Hammad, Sergey D. Kaloshkin

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Parameters Optimization for Manufacturing Advanced Self-Reinforced Composites based on Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene by Eugene Statnik, Dmitry D. Zherebtsov, Dilus I. Chukov, Ilya I. Larin, Alnis A. Veveris, Valerii G. Torokhov, Alexander S. Kechekyan, Kristina Z. Myagkova, Iuliia A. Sadykova, Alexey I. Salimon, Alexander M. Korsunsky, Semen D. Ignatyev, Kamal M. Hammad, Sergey D. Kaloshkin

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Presenting a Prediction Model for CEO Compensation Sensitivity using Meta-heuristic Algorithms (Genetics and Particle Swarm) by Saeed Khaljastani, Habib Piri, Reza Sotoudeh

“…Methods The statistical population of this research comprises all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 1390 to 1400. To select the sample, a systematic elimination method was employed, resulting in a sample of 110 companies. …”
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Optimal Discharge Education: Evidence for Enhancing Family Preparedness for Premature Infants by Zhang L, He J, Zhou Y, Li X

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Addressing meniscal deficiency part 1: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses on meniscal allograft transplantation by Kevin A. Wu, Lulla V. Kiwinda, Aaron D. Therien, Christian J. Castillo, Stephanie Hendren, Jason S. Long, Annunziato Amendola, Brian C. Lau

“…Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases to identify relevant systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. …”
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Length Optimization of MEP Pipeline Integrated Modular Based on Genetic Algorithm by Xuefeng Zhao, Qiantai Yang, Gangwen Yan, Xiongtao Fan, Yinghui Yang, Huizhong Zhang, Song Chen

“…The novelty of this research lies in the integration of a genetic algorithm with BIM software to optimize MEP module partitioning, offering a more efficient and systematic approach to the modular construction process.…”
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A systematic approach to analyzing catechins and catechin derivatives in Ceylon black tea using liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry by Shanbo Zhang, Xinyao Long, Yiwen Xing, Kim-Huey Ee, Rui Min Vivian Goh, Yunle Huang, Aileen Pua, Lionel Jublot, Shao Quan Liu, Bin Yu

“…This study aimed to develop a systematic approach to extract and analyze catechins and derivatives in Ceylon black tea from four Sri Lankan regions (Dimbula, Nuwara Eliya, Uva, Ruhuna) using optimized extraction conditions, LC-QQQ/MS, and antioxidant assays. …”
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