An Improved Sliding Mode Control Using Disturbance Observer for Axial Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Dual-Rotating Rotors by Yichang Zhong, Kangkang Zheng, Shiqi Shen, Qiuyue Xie, Zhengang Xiao, Yutao Liu

“…There are issues with the conventional proportional-integral (PI) control for load disturbances and motor parameter variations, whereas the SMC method has its invariant properties. …”
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SAR Target Recognition With Image Generation and Azimuth Angle Feature Constraints by Deliang Xiang, Ye Liu, Jianda Cheng, Xinyu Lu, Yuzhen Xie, Dongdong Guan

“…This leads to significant intraclass variations and interclass confusion, hindering accurate recognition. …”
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Small object detection in side-scan sonar images based on SOCA-YOLO and image restoration by Xiaodong Cui, Jiale Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Qunfei Zhang, Jing Han

“…Although side-scan sonar can provide wide and high-resolution views of submarine terrain and objects, it suffers from severe interference due to complex environmental noise, variations in sonar configuration (such as frequency, beam pattern, etc.), and the small scale of targets, leading to a high misdetection rate. …”
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Magnetic soliton-based LIF neurons for spiking neural networks (SNNs) in multilayer spintronic devices by Kishan K. Mishra

“…Our proposed neuron model, implemented in fully connected and convolutional layers, achieves over 95% classification accuracy on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets using a modified spike-based backpropagation method. With nanosecond latency, these spiking neuron devices, when integrated with CMOS, pave the way for high-density, energy-efficient neuromorphic computing hardware.…”
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Diatom Frustule-Inspired Bridges: A Fusion of Art, Architecture and Mechanical Design by Mukunda Adhikari, Parvez Alam

“…Our results yield innovative, artistic and efficient bridge architectures optimised for structural integrity and load bearing.…”
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Spatiotemporal evolution and interaction of soil and water resource carrying capacities in Gansu Province by WANG Lichuan, SUN Dongyuan, MA Yali, WU Lanzhen, CUI Yanqiang, SHU Heping, WANG Xingfan

“…【Method】Data on soil and water resources from 2000 to 2022 were used to assess their spatiotemporal variation and coupling coordination at the municipal and prefectural levels. …”
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Age-related differences in Rostral-Middle locus coeruleus microstructure: A critical role in cognitive decline revealed by magnetic resonance relaxometry by Jonghyun Bae, Zhaoyuan Gong, Caio Mazucanti, Murat Bilgel, John P. Laporte, Mary E. Faulkner, Alex Guo, Christopher M. Bergeron, Josephine M. Egan, Susan M. Resnick, Christopher E. Ramsden, Mustapha Bouhrara

“…Despite its importance, in-vivo investigations of age-related LC degeneration and association with cognitive decline have been limited. Method We employed magnetic resonance relaxometry, namely the Bayesian Monte-Carlo analysis of multicomponent driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1 and T2 (BMC-mcDESPOT) MRI method, to estimate microstructural integrity represented by longitudinal (R1) and transverse (R2) relaxation rates, as well as Myelin Water Fraction (MWF) in the LC of a diverse cohort of 120 cognitively unimpaired individuals aged 22 to 94 years. …”
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A Multi-Feature Fusion Approach for Sea Fog Detection Under Complex Background by Shuyuan Yang, Yuzhu Tang, Zeming Zhou, Xiaofeng Zhao, Pinglv Yang, Yangfan Hu, Ran Bo

“…Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of sea fog and clouds, we redesigned the loss function to integrate total variation loss, focal loss, and dice loss. …”
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Modeling Purposes of Public Transportation Trips for Human Need-Responsive Urban Mobility Efficiency by Lan Zhang, Kaijian Liu

“…The proposed method integrates 1) the gravity model for modeling spatial trip purpose distributions and 2) a temporal variation model for modeling temporal trip purpose distributions to enable station-level, hourly PT trip purpose modeling and inference. …”
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Global Navigation Satellite System-Based Deformation Monitoring of Hydraulic Structures Using a Gated Recurrent Unit–Attention Mechanism by Haiyang Li, Yilin Xie, Azhong Dong, Jianping Xu, Xun Lu, Jinfeng Ding, Yan Zi

“…In this study, we propose a comprehensive method for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) deformation monitoring in hydraulic structures by integrating the strengths of Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) and Autoregressive Attention mechanisms. …”
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Active Dielectric Metasurfaces for Switchable Terahertz Beam Steering and Focusing by Kaiji Chen, Xueqian Zhang, Xieyu Chen, Tong Wu, Qingwei Wang, Ziying Zhang, Quan Xu, Jiaguang Han, Weili Zhang

“…Conventional metasurfaces often manipulate light propagation in a passive way, which cannot satisfy the dynamic operation requirements of many practical applications. Integrating functional materials or components into the structure design is one effective method, which, however, often introduces additional loss to the resonances, thus greatly affecting the efficiency of modulation. …”
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MCRS-YOLO: Multi-Aggregation Cross-Scale Feature Fusion Object Detector for Remote Sensing Images by Lu Liu, Jun Li

“…However, remote sensing images typically exhibit the following characteristics: significant variations in object scales, dense small targets, and complex backgrounds. …”
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Study on Tooth Surface Roughness Modeling of Form Grinding Considering the Change of the Local Grinding Condition by Chen Xiaoqi, Tang Cheng, Liao Xianggui, Zhou Weihua, Tang Jinyuan

“…Therefore, this study proposes a method for modeling the surface roughness of gear form grinding, considering the variation of local grinding strips. …”
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Extrusion of Heterogeneous Filament‐like Structures: A New Paradigm in Fabricating Soft Mechanical Gradient with Long Span by Akanksha Pragya, Tushar K. Ghosh

“…Compared to traditional fabrication techniques, this method allows for precise control over gradient magnitude and span, even post‐fabrication, offering greater flexibility for various applications. …”
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Transformation of Financial Services Industry in Conditions of Digitalization of Economy by Iryna Kozhushko

“…In addition, the countries of the first cluster have a significantly higher variation of the components of the integral indicator of digitalization of the economy. …”
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Evaluation of cultivated land ecosystem service value in the black soil region of Northeast China by Jianqiang You, Shanlin Huang

“…This study therefore enhances the assessment of cultivated land ecosystem service value (ESV) in this region by innovatively integrating resource scarcity-induced relative price variations and temporal discounting into the Equivalent Value Factors (EVF) method. …”
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Resilience Enhancement for Distribution Networks Under Typhoon-Induced Multi-Source Uncertainties by Naixuan Zhu, Guilian Wu, Hao Chen, Nuoling Sun

“…The results indicate that the proposed method can reduce the load loss cost of the system by 5.112 million and 0.2459 million, respectively.…”
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Biomimetic Computing for Efficient Spoken Language Identification by Gaurav Kumar, Saurabh Bhardwaj

“…Further, one more challenge is the significant variance in speech signals caused by factors such as different speakers, content, acoustic settings, language differences, changes in voice modulation based on age and gender, and variations in speech patterns. In this study, we introduce the DBODL-MSLIS approach, which integrates biomimetic optimization techniques inspired by natural intelligence to enhance language classification. …”
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Sustainable transition of food consumption in rural China: spatio-temporal patterns and drivers of carbon footprint by Huibo Qi, Huibo Qi, Yeyi Guo, Peng Ji, Fei Long, Fei Long, Jing Zhao, Jing Zhao

“…It quantifies their food consumption carbon footprint (FCCF) using the carbon conversion factor method and analyzes spatio-temporal patterns and drivers by integrating an extended STIRPAT framework with spatial econometric models. …”
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Teaching, assessment and best practice in undergraduate psychiatry education in the UK: cross-sectional survey by Deepika Sharma, Thomas Hewson, Sridevi Sira Mahalingappa, James Fallon, Declan Hyland, Seri Abraham, Alexa Sidwell, Subodh Dave

“…Aims and method We conducted a cross-sectional survey to examine how undergraduate psychiatry is taught and assessed across medical schools in the UK that have at least one cohort of graduated students. …”
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