Physical disability and psychological distress before and after a diagnosis of cancer: evidence on multiple cancer types from a large Australian cohort study, compared to people wi... by Yuehan Zhang, Joanne Thandrayen, Kay Soga, Marianne Weber, Bogda Koczwara, Rebekah Laidsaar‑Powell, Chloe Yi Shing Lim, Grace Joshy, Emily Banks

“…Those not receiving recent cancer treatment and those with many common cancer types had physical and psychological outcomes comparable to people without cancer. Additional targeted support may particularly benefit those receiving treatment, with specific cancer types, and advanced disease.…”
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Impact of healthcare-associated infection on healthcare services and survival of patients with cancer: a propensity score-matched retrospective study by Changpeng Liu, Chunhua Song, Yijie Chen, Xi Li, Yamei Qiao, Xiaowen Zhang, Dongjian Yang, Hongshan Huang

“…Relevance to clinical practice : Targeted surveillance and preventive interventions, such as early infection screening and strict adherence to infection control protocols, should focus on high-risk patients with prolonged LOS and high costs. …”
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National and subnational burden of brain and central nervous system cancers in China and global from 1990 to 2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021 by Shifan Tu, Xiaolu Huang, Xiaoxuan Fan, Yi Zhang, Lan Huang, Kai Li, Xinyue Wang, Yunpeng Gao, Xiaoping Zhao, Zhaoqun Feng

“…Methods Using open data from the GBD 2021 database, we analyzed characteristics of CNS cancer burden in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, including changes in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs.We employed Joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), evaluating temporal trends in CNS cancer burden.A comparative analysis was conducted across multiple dimensions (age, sex, and time periods) to examine differences in CNS cancer burden between China and other world regions. …”
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Methods to Quantitatively Evaluate the Effect of Shale Gas Fracturing Stimulation Based on Least Squares by DENG Cai, SUN Kexin, WEN Huan, HU Chaolang

“…This method identified the precise number of active perforations and calculated their average diameter after erosion during the fracturing process. …”
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The Burden and Determinants of Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Nepal: Findings from a Nationwide STEPS Survey. by Krishna Kumar Aryal, Suresh Mehata, Sushhama Neupane, Abhinav Vaidya, Meghnath Dhimal, Purushottam Dhakal, Sangeeta Rana, Chop Lal Bhusal, Guna Raj Lohani, Frank Herbert Paulin, Renu Madanlal Garg, Regina Guthold, Melanie Cowan, Leanne Margaret Riley, Khem Bahadur Karki

“…The prevalence of current smoking (last 30 days) was 19% (95%CI:16.6-20.6), and harmful alcohol consumption (≥60 g of pure alcohol for men and ≥40 g of pure alcohol for women on an average day) was 2% (95%CI:1.4-2.9). Almost all (99%, 95%CI:98.3-99.3) of the respondents consumed less than five servings of fruits and vegetables combined on an average day and 3% (95%CI:2.7-4.3) had low physical activity. …”
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Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Water Transparency in the Pilot Zone of Yangtze River Delta by WANG Yu, ZHOU Wei-qi, BAI Meng-yu, SU Han, HU Wei

“…Based on the survival needs of local nearshore submerged vegetation, SD thresholds and strongly related water quality improvement targets were established. [Results] (1) River channels within embankments exhibited the highest average SD (68.75 cm), but fluctuated significantly due to rainfall disturbances. …”
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Prevalence and Spatial distribution characteristics of human echinococcosis in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 2011–2023 by Hongju Duan, Xianglin Wu, Fan Wang, Qianqian Cui, Xueping Ma, Liying Wang

“…The incidence rate of human echinococcosis showed a declining trend, with average annual percent change (AAPC) of -11.27% (95% CI: -15.50% to -6.83%; t = -4.80, P < 0.001). …”
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Automatic Generation of Noise-Like or Mode-Locked Pulses in an Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser by Using Two-Photon-Induced Current for Feedback by Hsiao-Hua Wu, Pin-Han Huang, Yuan-He Teng, Alexey Zaytsev, Osamu Wada, Ci-Ling Pan

“…We present a simple, reliable, and fast method to automatically generate noise-like or mode-locked pulses in a fiber laser. To generate the targeted pulses, we employed two-photon-induced current from a photocell as the feedback signal to control a set of rotatable wave plates in the laser. …”
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Appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in paediatrics: retrospective controlled study assessing a multifaceted intervention in Northern Italy in a 7-year period by Giulio Formoso, Marco Massari, Romina Corsini, Romano Manzotti, Annalisa Zini, Sergio Mezzadri

“…This study explored the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention aimed at supporting the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in paediatrics.Methods Over the course of 7 years, all 89 paediatricians of the Local Health Authority (LHA) of Reggio Emilia (530 000 residents) were provided with scientific literature focused on antimicrobial resistance and the appropriateness of use of specific antibiotics, together with local data on antimicrobial resistance and prescribing reports comparing each paediatrician with colleagues in the same district and with local averages. Prescribing rates of specific target antibiotics/classes of antibiotics were evaluated by comparing Reggio-Emilia with the other seven LHAs of the Emilia-Romagna Region (control area), adjusting for prescriptions during a 2-year baseline period.Results A significant increase in the rate of amoxicillin prescriptions (91 more per 1000 children/year) was observed in the intervention area compared with the control area along with a significant reduction in the rate of amoxicillin+clavulanate prescriptions (70 fewer per 1000 children/year) and a significant increase in the ratio of their prescription rates. …”
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Expanding our understanding of (mal)adapted stress physiology in psychiatric disorders: achieving single-cell characterisation of steroids and neuropeptides by Katrina Z. Edmond, Natalie Matosin

“…This review synthesises current knowledge of neuroactive steroids and neuropeptides in stress biology and psychiatric illness and discusses how cutting-edge molecular profiling technologies are beginning to transform our ability to study, and therapeutically target, this complex and dynamic neuroendocrine network.…”
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T-cell responses to highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 epitopes in Hispanic Americans receiving an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine by Kirk Haltaufderhyde, Andres H. Gutiérrez, Mitchell McAllister, Christine M. Boyle, Leonard Moise, William Martin, Anne S. De Groot

“…These findings underscore the importance of identifying highly conserved T cell epitopes for vaccine designs that target rapidly-mutating strains of emergent pathogens, while also documenting broad memory T cell response to the vaccine in a predominantly Hispanic American cohort.…”
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HABS-BLOCKS© Inhibited <i>Microcystis</i> and <i>Planktothrix</i> and Reduced Microcystin Concentrations in a Lake Water Mesocosm Study by Cameron Gastaldo, Stephen Vesper

“…Previously, we reported that adding glucose to lake water could reduce cyanobacterial populations. To target the glucose to the euphotic zone, floating HABS-BLOCKS© infused with glucose were created. …”
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Evaluating the feasibility of 12-lead electrocardiogram reconstruction from limited leads using deep learning by Oriana Presacan, Alexandru Dorobanţiu, Jonas L. Isaksen, Tobias Willi, Claus Graff, Michael A. Riegler, Arun R. Sridhar, Jørgen K. Kanters, Vajira Thambawita

“…Reconstruction errors depend on the real amplitudes, suggesting regression-to-the-mean (R 2 between target and error in R-peak amplitude in lead V3: 0.92). …”
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Research on plasma arc flame length detection technology based on region of interest. by Jie Li, Wei Jiang, Jian Lei, Xiaoxiao Xing

“…The corrected plasma arc length averages around 40mm, with a detection error of less than 1mm when compared to the desired controlled plasma arc length. …”
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Regional Lymph Node Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer: Single Anterior Supraclavicular Field vs. Two Anterior and Posterior Opposed Supraclavicular Fields by Attique Anwer, Ahmed Ijaz, Muhammad Arshad

“…Objective: To compare different alternatives for the two regional Auxiliary lymph node (AXLN) and Supraclavicular lympnode (SCLNs) treatment programs by providing a perfect balance of homogeneity and by arranging target volume coverage. Study Design: Cross sectional. …”
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Anti-Jamming RIS Communications Using DQN-Based Algorithm by Pham Duy Thanh, Hoang Thi Huong Giang, Ic-Pyo Hong

“…Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely applied in battlefield surveillance, where the data collection (e.g. target tracking or contention zone observation) employed by local sensor nodes needs to send to military bases for tactical decisions. …”
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Enhancing the prediction of irrigation demand for open field vegetable crops in Germany through neural networks, transfer learning, and ensemble models by Samantha Rubo, Jana Zinkernagel

“…This study develops two types of artificial neural networks (ANNs), multilayer perceptron (MLPs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for the prediction of available water capacity (AWC in %) as target parameter for irrigation scheduling. These ANNs are trained with experimental data from three-year (2020–2023) open field trials with spinach on two sites in Germany, and for three soil layers (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm). …”
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Leveraging genomic insights from the neglected malaria parasites P. malariae and P. ovale using selective whole genome amplification (SWGA) approach by Fathia Ben-Rached, Amit Kumar Subudhi, Chang Li, Mariah Alawi, Rohit Satyam, Sui Xu, Guoding Zhu, Raeece Naeem, Sara Mfarrej, Di Liu, Zenaida Stead, Caroline Askonas, Yaobao Liu, Jun Cao, Arnab Pain

“…Our method outperformed the published protocol for P.malariae with higher enrichment of the targeted genome. On average, P. malariae had 93% of the genome covered by ≥ 10 reads; parallel improvements in genome coverage were achieved for both P. ovale spp. with 81% on average of the genome covered by ≥ 10 reads. …”
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A disaggregated analysis of catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditure in Ghana by Charles Amanfo Ofori, Iddrisu Anane Ibrahim, Yaw Boateng Atakorah, Jacob Novignon

“…The findings emphasize the need for interventions to reduce OOP payments and proper targeting of deprived regions.…”
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Primary prevention of cannabis use: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. by Melissa M Norberg, Sarah Kezelman, Nicholas Lim-Howe

“…Universal multi-modal programs appeared to outperform other program types (i.e, universal uni-modal, targeted multi-modal, targeted unimodal). Specifically, universal multi-modal programs that targeted early adolescents (10-13 year olds), utilised non-teacher or multiple facilitators, were short in duration (10 sessions or less), and implemented boosters sessions were associated with large median effect sizes. …”
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