Solution of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation in Optimal Reinsurance Strategy under Dynamic VaR Constraint by Yuzhen Wen, Chuancun Yin

“…This paper analyzes the optimal reinsurance strategy for insurers with a generalized mean-variance premium principle. The surplus process of the insurer is described by the diffusion model which is an approximation of the classical Cramér-Lunderberg model. …”
Get full text

Studies on a Double Poisson-Geometric Insurance Risk Model with Interference by Yujuan Huang, Wenguang Yu

“…Also the Laplace transformation of the time when the surplus reaches a given level for the first time is discussed, and the expectation and its variance are obtained. …”
Get full text

An Equilibrium Model of Interbank Networks Based on Variational Inequalities by Shouwei Li, Jianmin He

“…We consider two kinds of decision makers including banks with liquidity surplus and banks with liquidity shortage. We model the behavior of the decision makers, derive the equilibrium conditions, and establish the variational inequality formulation for interbank credit network and trust network. …”
Get full text

Optimizing the gelation, structure, and thermal stability of alkali-induced duck egg white gels with calcium chloride by Pin-Chun Tseng, Wen-Yuan Yang, Yi-Chen Chen, Yen-Po Chen, Jia-Shian Shiu, Sheng-Yao Wang

“…Alkali treatment is a proven method for producing transparent elastic protein gels and could provide a practical way to utilize surplus duck egg whites that are generated during processing. …”
Get full text

Water quality management of heavily contaminated urban rivers using water quality analysis simulation program by J. Jiang, T. Ri, T. Pang, Y. Wang, P. Wang

“…Some interesting temporal-spatial characteristics of surplus environmental capacity were also found in the study. …”
Get full text

Florida Honey Bee Plants by Mary Christine Bammer, William H. Kern, Jamie D. Ellis

“…While many plants are acceptable pollen producers for honey bees, fewer yield enough nectar to produce a surplus honey crop. As such, the tables in this document list the nectar-bearing plants that are present to some degree in each region and the plants' respective bloom times. …”
Get full text

Dividend Problems with a Barrier Strategy in the Dual Risk Model until Bankruptcy by Donghai Liu, Zaiming Liu

“…The paper studies the dual risk model with a barrier strategy under the concept of bankruptcy, in which one has a positive probability to continue business despite temporary negative surplus. Integrodifferential equations for the expectation of the discounted dividend payments and the probability of bankruptcy are derived. …”
Get full text

A RETROSPECTIVE OF THE FOREIGN GRAIN TRADING DEVELOPMENT by V. Smirnov

“…The consequences of the lack of harvesting equipment, losses for this reason, the problems of processing of raw materials, warehouse, transport logistics are considered, which seriously hinders the supply of surplus grain abroad, leads to excessive price pressure on the domestic grain market, the formation of illiquid reserves. …”
Get full text

Florida Honey Bee Plants by Mary Christine Bammer, William H. Kern, Jamie D. Ellis

“…While many plants are acceptable pollen producers for honey bees, fewer yield enough nectar to produce a surplus honey crop. As such, the tables in this document list the nectar-bearing plants that are present to some degree in each region and the plants' respective bloom times. …”
Get full text

On the Expected Discounted Penalty Function for a Markov Regime-Switching Insurance Risk Model with Stochastic Premium Income by Wenguang Yu

“…Applications of the integral equations are given to be the Laplace transform of the time of ruin, the deficit at ruin, and the surplus immediately before ruin occurs. For exponential distribution, the explicit expressions for these quantities are obtained. …”
Get full text

Climate change and water resources: Excess, shortage, and pollution by Franck Galland

“…Some French departments, such as the Pyrénées-Orientales, are already confronted with conditions of semi-aridity while others, such as Pas-de-Calais, are experiencing water surplus. The changing climate has serious, unsettling effects on homes and infrastructure, particularly for the production and distribution of drinking water as well as on sectors such as agriculture and industry that are heavily reliant on water. …”
Get full text

THE PROBLEMS OF MARKETING PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT by Wojciech Grzegorczyk

“…ROMI is defined as a financial surplus generated by a marketing investment in relation to the costs incurred in the process of this investment (undertaking). …”
Get full text

Vulnerability and adaptation in flood-prone ecosystems of Bangladesh: a case study of rice farming households by Mohammad Chhiddikur Rahman, Md Abdur Rouf Sarkar, Md. Jahangir Kabir, Md. Shajedur Rahaman, Jatish C. Biswas, Md. Abdullah Aziz, Mohammad Ariful Islam, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, Niaz Md. Farhat Rahman, Andrew M. McKenzie

“…Importantly, whereas floods prior to 2007 often resulted in substantial rice shortages, the post-2007 era, despite frequent and severe flooding, has witnessed a surplus in rice production. We estimated that despite five flood events in 2020, the country maintained a surplus of 2.9 million tons with minimal reliance on imports. …”
Get full text

Effectiveness of a Shoulder Exercise Program in Division I Collegiate Baseball Players During the Fall Season by Hillary A. Plummer, Shannon M. Plosser, Paul R. Diaz, Nicholas J. Lobb, Lori A. Michener

“… # Conclusion Changes in shoulder horizontal adduction ROM, IR strength and relative ER surplus on the throwing arm were noted at the end of the season. …”
Get full text

TREND AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXTERNAL DEFICIT IN ROMANIA IN THE POST PANDEMIC PERIOD by Camelia MILEA

“…The research shows that the external deficit is generated by the negative balances of goods and of primary income, and it is partly offset by the surplus of the balances of secondary income and services. …”
Get full text

Optimizing Electric Truck Routing and Charging with Soft Time Windows Using Vehicle-to-Grid Technology by Jong-Hyun Ryu, Seong Wook Hwang

“…V2G has the potential to increase the efficiency of power grid and make additional profits by utilizing surplus power from electric vehicle batteries. This paper proposes an optimization model for electric trucks (ETs) to provide operational decision-making support for the freight transportation sector. …”
Get full text

Two Years in Crisis — Municipal Finances Remain Sustainable Nonetheless by Florian Boettcher, Ronny Freier

“…As a result, municipal budgets in Germany have had a small surplus in 2020 and in 2021. The precise reasons for these surpluses are quite different in both years. …”
Get full text

Estimating the Gerber-Shiu Expected Discounted Penalty Function for Lévy Risk Model by Yujuan Huang, Wenguang Yu, Yu Pan, Chaoran Cui

“…Suppose that the claims process and the surplus process can be observed at a sequence of discrete time points. …”
Get full text

Optimal Reinsurance-Investment Problem for an Insurer and a Reinsurer with Jump-Diffusion Process by Hanlei Hu, Zheng Yin, Xiujuan Gao

“…The optimal reinsurance-investment strategies considering the interests of both the insurer and reinsurer are investigated. The surplus process is assumed to follow a jump-diffusion process and the insurer is permitted to purchase proportional reinsurance from the reinsurer. …”
Get full text

Prolétarisation incomplète et miracle économique chinois : entre héritage collectiviste et capitalisme transnational by Jean Mathieu

“…This involutive historical development process had produced a large pool of workers, but the reforms from 1978 onward unlocked this surplus labour built in collectivists institutions to enlist it to work in the export-oriented special economic zones, thus creating the migrant workers phenomenon. …”
Get full text