Impact of soil salinity, sodicity, and irrigation water salinity on crop production and coping mechanism in areas of dryland farming by Addis Hailu Demo, Mekonnen Keneni Gemeda, Dereje Reta Abdo, Tolesa Negese Guluma, Deressa Boja Adugna

“…Farmer education and awareness initiatives also play a crucial role in spreading information about salinity management measures and promoting their adoption.…”
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ENHANCEMENT OF CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS (CDMA) WITHIN THE GSM SYSTEM IN IRAQ by Nabil Abdulwahab Abdulrazaq Baban

“…CDMA is particularly well-suited for the GSM system in Iraq due to its inherent advantages in handling interference and managing spectrum efficiently. Unlike TDMA, FDMA, which are primarily used in GSM in Iraq, CDMA spreads the signal across a wide frequency band, making it more resilient to interference. …”
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A systematic review of dengue outbreak prediction models: Current scenario and future directions. by Xing Yu Leung, Rakibul M Islam, Mohammadmehdi Adhami, Dragan Ilic, Lara McDonald, Shanika Palawaththa, Basia Diug, Saif U Munshi, Md Nazmul Karim

“…Dengue is among the fastest-spreading vector-borne infectious disease, with outbreaks often overwhelm the health system and result in huge morbidity and mortality in its endemic populations in the absence of an efficient warning system. …”
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Long-term adaptation following influenza A virus host shifts results in increased within-host viral fitness due to higher replication rates, broader dissemination within the respir... by Julien A R Amat, Veronica Patton, Caroline Chauché, Daniel Goldfarb, Joanna Crispell, Quan Gu, Alice M Coburn, Gaelle Gonzalez, Daniel Mair, Lily Tong, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, John F Marshall, Francesco Marchesi, Pablo R Murcia

“…We show that EIV/2003 exhibits increased resistance to interferon, enhanced viral replication, and a more efficient cell-to-cell spread in cells and tissues. …”
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A real-time framework for opinion spam detection in Arabic social networks by Cherry A. Ezzat, Abdullah M. Alkadri, Abeer Elkorany

“…Opinion spam entails spreading misleading content masked as authentic opinions. …”
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KGB Struggle with Antisoviet Manifestation in Lithuania and Abroad: People's Discreditation by Kristina Burinskaitė

“…The discreditation method was efficient just partly because KGB did not reach the main target - to make opposition end their anti-Soviet activity, although they overshadowed their good name, morale, and activity. …”
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Epidemiology and pathobiology of H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza in South Korea (2003–2024): a comprehensive review by Sun-Hak Lee, Jung-Hoon Kwon, Sungsu Youk, Sang-Won Lee, Dong-Hun Lee, Chang-Seon Song

“…Since their emergence in Guangdong, China, in 1996, Gs/GD H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have diversified into multiple clades, spreading globally through wild bird migrations and causing substantial losses in poultry and wildlife. …”
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Fishing net waste management: quantification and valorization by Beate Zlaugotne, Jelena Pubule, Julija Gusca

“…Abandoned, lost or discarded fishing gear harms marine ecosystems by releasing microplastic waste from synthetic materials, reducing biodiversity, spreading invasive species and causing long-term damage to fragile habitats. …”
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Maximizing the Detectability of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) While Minimizing Its Exposure Risks: Insights From a Numerical Study by Bin Wang, Arnaud Laurent, Qiantong Pei, Jinyu Sheng, Dariia Atamanchuk, Katja Fennel

“…The exposure risk can also be reduced by spreading alkalinity over multiple addition sites. …”
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Estimating Attenuation Coefficients in Wooded Environments With ANN Predictions by Caio Mateus Machado Cardoso, Brenda Silvana de Souza Barbosa, Alex Sanches Macedo, Hugo Alexandre Oliveira da Cruz, Filipe Cavalcanti Fernandes, Fabricio J. B. Barros, Jasmine Priscyla Leite de Araujo

“…The Amazon region wide forest extension and its limited infrastructure make it difficult to access essential services. In this context, efficient and reliable communication could reduce distances and facilitate access to these services. …”
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Fabrication and Characterization of a Novel Solid Nano-Dispersion of Emamectin Benzoate with High Dispersibility and Wettability by Ying Li, Qing Wang, Junqian Pan, Xiang Zhao, Jinghui Zhan, Xinglong Xu, Meng Zhang, Chunxin Wang, Haixin Cui

“…Pesticides, as an indispensable component in agricultural production, play a crucial role in ensuring global food security. However, the low efficiency of pesticide utilization remains a significant challenge. …”
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Adaptive Real-Time Channel Estimation and Parameter Adjustment for LoRa Networks in Dynamic IoT Environments by Fatimah Alghamdi, Fuad Bajaber

“…Finally, based on the confidence measure predictions and channel state estimation, the system dynamically adjusts the LoRa parameters, including the spreading factor, coding rate, transmission power, and bandwidth. …”
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Visualization of Hazardous Substance Emission Zones During a Fire at an Industrial Enterprise Using Cellular Automaton Method by Yuri Matveev, Fares Abu-Abed, Leonid Chernishev, Sergey Zhironkin

“…This article discusses and compares approaches to the visualization of the danger zone formed as a result of spreading toxic substances during a fire at an industrial enterprise, to create predictive models and scenarios for evacuation and environmental protection measures. …”
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Vulture Exclusion Halves Large Carcass Decomposition Rates and Doubles Fly Abundance by Julia Grootaers, Greta Hernández Campos, Violeta Marie Montenegro, Rosio Vega Quispe, Sarah Wicks, Sara Campos Landázuri, Eduardo Fabrizio Tubelli, Francisco Vega‐Reyes, Enzo Basso, Andrew Whitworth, Andrew Young, Christopher Beirne

“…ABSTRACT Carcass consumption by scavengers plays a critical role in wildlife and human health by providing services that maintain ecosystem functioning and potentially mitigate disease spreading. Vultures are particularly efficient scavengers, but their populations have sharply declined in Europe, Asia and Africa, raising concerns about similar declines in the comparatively less studied species of the Americas. …”
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Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus: a “magic weapon” against bacterial pathogens by Saleh Mohammed Al-maaqar, Abdulaziz Radhi S. Al Johni, Nasser A. Al-Tayyar, Jafar Abdullah Alhamad, Abdullah A. Khan Ghyathuddin, Wael A. Alsubhi, Ammar AL-Farga, Nahid Kamal Eldin, Hala Mohammad Marouf, Mohsen A. Khormi

“…Bacterial infections linked to multidrug resistant bacteria are quickly spreading, and they constitute a very serious threat to human life. …”
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Formyl Peptide Receptors 1 and 2: Essential for Immunomodulation of Crotoxin in Human Macrophages, Unrelated to Cellular Entry by Luciana de Araújo Pimenta, Ellen Emi Kato, Ana Claudia Martins Sobral, Evandro Luiz Duarte, Maria Teresa Moura Lamy, Kerly Fernanda Mesquita Pasqualoto, Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio

“…Results demonstrated that FPR-related signaling pathways, which influence macrophage functions such as ROS release, phagocytosis, and spreading, were reduced in FPR-silenced cells. However, even in the absence of FPRs, CTX was efficiently internalized by macrophages. …”
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Key nodes identification in complex networks based on subnetwork feature extraction by Luyuan Gao, Xiaoyang Liu, Chao Liu, Yihao Zhang, Giacomo Fiumara, Pasquale De Meo

“…The problem of detecting key nodes in a network (i.e. nodes with the greatest ability to spread an infection) has been studied extensively in the past. …”
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Design and hydrodynamic analysis of controllable soft-body extension-driven flippers inspired by swimming frog flippers by Yitao Pan, Jizhuang Fan, Gangfeng Liu, Yubin Liu, Jie Zhao

“…Theoretical calculations and computational fluid dynamics simulations have shown that flippers can instantaneously control changes in the flipper area to inhibit fluid separation while swimming, effectively reducing the water drag of flippers in water and thus increasing the swimming propulsive force. Finally, when the spreading area of flippers was the same, and the swimming efficiency increased by 1, 1.6, and 1.9 times compared with that of fixed, passive folding, and passive spring flippers, respectively.…”
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Assessing impact of strategic investments on development of sustainable artificial intelligence dynamics by Pengwei Zhu, Yiwan Sun

“…The balanced investment scenario reveals synergistic potential, although it does not reach the efficiency of concentrated investments in development. …”
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Trypsin promotes porcine deltacoronavirus mediating cell-to-cell fusion in a cell type-dependent manner by Yue-Lin Yang, Fandan Meng, Pan Qin, Georg Herrler, Yao-Wei Huang, Yan-Dong Tang

“…Most importantly, our study illustrates two distinct spreading patterns from infected cells to uninfected cells during PDCoV transmission, and the role of trypsin in PDCoV replication in cells with different virus spreading types. …”
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