Phylogenomic, Morphological, and Phylogenetic Evidence Reveals Five New Species and Two New Host Records of <i>Nectriaceae</i> (<i>Hypocreales</i>) from China by Qi Fan, Pingping Su, Jiachen Xiao, Fangwei Lou, Xiaoyuan Huang, Zhuliang Yang, Baozheng Chen, Peihong Shen, Yuanbing Wang

“…Fusarioid fungi, members of the <i>Nectriaceae</i> within the <i>Hypocreales</i> (<i>Ascomycota</i>), exhibit diverse ecological roles and possess complex phylogenetic relationships, including endophytic, saprophytic, and pathogenic lifestyles. Among them, the genera <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Neocosmospora</i> are particularly significant in agriculture and medicine. …”
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Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review by Catherine Y. Lee, Sidney E. Zven, Shreyas A. Sathya, Danielle Abukhalaf, Sneha Sahoo, Pratyusha Samal, Stephanie M. Prescott

“…Of 1,043 articles screened, 30 were included in the final review.ResultsThe gut microbiome is associated with both pathogenicity and protection in the setting of neonatal sepsis, while expression levels of immune response and regulation help classify neonatal response to septic events. …”
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Aquifer pollution by metal-antibiotic complexes: Origins, transport dynamics, and ecological impacts by Dipak Baral, Ajaya Bhattarai, Narendra Kumar Chaudhary

“…The entry of pollutants into drinking water sources poses notable health risks, including chronic exposure to contaminants and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This review emphasizes both preventative and remedial strategies to mitigate these impacts. …”
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Effects of chronic stress and intestinal inflammation on commercial poultry health and performance: A review by Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Wolfgang Eisenreich, Victor M. Petrone-Garcia, Inkar Castellanos-Huerta, Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco, Guillermo Tellez Jr, Walter G. Bottje, Juan D. Latorre, Roberto Senas-Cuesta, Billy M. Hargis, Makenly E. Coles, Saeed El-Ashram, Brittany D. Graham, Awad A. Shehata

“…Its physical and chemical barriers are crucial to protect from invading pathogens and toxic substances. On this basis, the intactness of the gastrointestinal tract, with its multiple functions and impacts, is one of the key prerequisites for human and animal health. …”
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Edible insects as functional foods: bioactive compounds, health benefits, safety concerns, allergenicity, and regulatory considerations by Fernando E. Alejandro Ruiz, Fernando E. Alejandro Ruiz, Julio F. Ortega Jácome, Julio F. Ortega Jácome, Eduardo Tejera, José M. Alvarez-Suarez, José M. Alvarez-Suarez

“…Additionally, this review examines findings related to contaminants in edible insects, including heavy metals, microbial pathogens, and allergens, which could pose health risks. …”
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Microbial contributions to plant growth and stress tolerance: Mechanisms for sustainable plant production by Neha Sharma, Lovely Mahawar, Arti Mishra, Benedicte Riber Albrectsen

“…These include the production of phytohormones, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore-mediated iron acquisition, and biocontrol of plant pathogens. Predominantly inhabiting the rhizosphere, PGPRs interact with plant roots via complex molecular and ecological processes involving signalling molecules, metabolite exchanges, and modulation of plant immune responses. …”
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Cadmium induced ferroptosis and inflammation in sheep via targeting ACSL4/NF-κB axis by Zimeng Ma, Zimeng Ma, Shuo Yan, Shuo Yan, Huimin Zhang, Huimin Zhang, Ruilin Du, Ruilin Du, Xinyue Cheng, Xinyue Cheng, Siqin Bao, Siqin Bao, Xihe Li, Xihe Li, Xihe Li, Yongli Song, Yongli Song

“…Integrated transcriptomic-proteomic analysis revealed cadmium disrupted mitochondrial dysfunction via oxidative phosphorylation pathway inhibition. …”
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Synergistic Effects of <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> NBmelon-1 Inoculation and Grafting Restructure of Rhizosphere Microbiome and Enhanced Disease Resistance in Melon Self-Rootstoc... by Wenjie Dong, Quanyu Zang, Yuhong Wang, Erlei Ma, Weihong Ding, Leiyan Yan, Fangmin Hao

“…The combined treatment (NB+GJ) increased scion fruit yield by 29.8% in autumn and 36.5% in spring, as well as the single-fruit weight by 22.5% in autumn and 37.3% in spring, while maintaining fruit morphology. Integrated 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing revealed that the NB+GJ treatment selectively enriched antagonistic bacterial phyla (e.g., Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota) and suppressed pathogenic fungi (e.g., <i>Fusarium</i> and Melanconiella). …”
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Polystyrene Microplastics Can Aggravate the Damage of the Intestinal Microenvironment Caused by Okadaic Acid: A Prevalent Algal Toxin by Hong-Jia Huang, Yang Liu, Da-Wei Li, Xiang Wang, Nai-Xian Feng, Hong-Ye Li, Ce-Hui Mo, Wei-Dong Yang

“…Our results showed that co-exposure to MPs (80 μg/mL) and OA (20 ng/mL) significantly decreased cell viability, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, elevated lactate dehydrogenase release, impaired ABC transporter activity, promoted OA accumulation, and triggered inflammatory response compared to the control, MPs, and OA groups, indicating that co-exposure directly compromises intestinal epithelial integrity. In vitro fermentation experiments revealed that co-exposure disrupted gut microbial composition, decreasing the relative abundance of some bacteria, such as <i>Parasutterella</i> and <i>Adlercreutzia</i>, while increasing opportunistic pathogens, such as <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i>, increased. …”
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Nucleic acid-free aptamer-CRISPR/Cas14 biosensor for prosthetic joint infection rapid detection by Zong-Jie Geng, Quan-Bo Ji, Yan-Jing Chen, Lin Hao, Jun-Song Wang, Ze-Yu Feng, Qing-Yuan Zheng, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Yan Wang

“…Rapid detection of live pathogens in prosthetic joint infections (PJI) remains a critical challenge in clinical practice. …”
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The Lung Microbiome and Its Impact on Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Diagnostic Frontier by Aliki Karkala, Serafeim-Chrysovalantis Kotoulas, Asterios Tzinas, Eleni Massa, Eleni Mouloudi, Foteini Gkakou, Athanasia Pataka

“…It aims to highlight how hypoxia-induced alterations in microbial ecology disrupt immune homeostasis, while inflammation-driven mucosal injury fosters pathogenic colonization. Clinical correlations between specific taxa like <i>Streptococcus</i> and <i>Prevotella</i>, and disease severity, suggest microbial signatures as novel biomarkers for OSA progression and treatment response. …”
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Potential Interactions Between Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Herpes Simplex Virus Type II: Implications for Sexual and Reproductive Health in Sub-Saharan African by Roxanne Pillay, Pragalathan Naidoo, Zamathombeni Duma, Khethiwe N. Bhengu, Miranda N. Mpaka-Mbatha, Nomzamo Nembe-Mafa, Zilungile L. Mkhize-Kwitshana

“…Further, we emphasize the relevance and urgent need for (i) focused research into the interactions between these important pathogens, and (ii) integrated approaches to improve the clinical detection and management of STH-HSV-2 co-infections in SSA.…”
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The role and mechanisms of gingival epithelial cells in maintaining periodontal homeostasis by WANG Xiao, WU Yajie, SU Zhifei, LI Jiyao

“…This epithelial barrier plays a fundamental role in defending against pathogens, exogenous substances, and mechanical stress. …”
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Application of Predictive Modeling and Molecular Simulations to Elucidate the Mechanisms Underlying the Antimicrobial Activity of Sage (<i>Salvia officinalis</i> L.) Components in... by Dajana Vukić, Biljana Lončar, Lato Pezo, Vladimir Vukić

“…These findings underscore the value of integrating molecular modeling and machine learning approaches for the identification of bioactive compounds in functional food systems.…”
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Assessing the effect of beta-propiolactone inactivation on the antigenicity and immunogenicity of cluster 2.1 duck Tembusu virus by Kanana Rungprasert, Wikanda Tunterek, Phornphisut Areeraksakul, Duangduean Prakairungnamthip, Chalida Sri-in, Navapon Techakriengkrai, Wijit Banlunara, Christine A. Jansen, Teerawut Nedumpun, Aunyaratana Thontiravong

“…Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), an emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus, causes severe neurological disorders and acute egg drop syndrome in ducks. …”
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Functional and structural analysis of missense variants in the human PDCD1 Gene by Hanâ Baba, Meryem Bouqdayr, Anass Abbad, Asmae Saih, Benson R. Kidenya, Mohamed A. Sesay, Simpson Addo, Lahcen Wakrim, Anass Kettani

“…Contribution: These findings underscore the importance of integrating computational predictions with experimental validation to guide therapeutic exploration of genetic variants.…”
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Oligosaccharides from the seeds of Dolichos lablab L. promote gut microbial metabolite L-arginine production to alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression by Ben Liu, Ben Liu, Jiayi Jin, Yuming Zhou, Zhipeng Shang, Zhipeng Shang, Peng Meng, Maoru Du, Feng Geng, Xue Gao, Feng Zhao, Feng Zhao, Zhenguo Su, Xiaohong Pan, Xiaohong Pan

“…SRSV increased GM diversity, enriching beneficial taxa (e.g., Ruminococcus, UBA1819, Anaerofustis) while reducing pathogenic Atopobiaceae. Antibiotic-induced GM depletion abrogated SRSV’s protective effects. …”
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Multi-omics analyses reveal altered gut microbial thiamine production in obesity by Yu Xia, Yu Xia, Longya Lu, Lulu Wang, Yanyan Qiu, Xingyin Liu, Weihong Ge, Weihong Ge, Weihong Ge

“…Integrated analysis indicated that thiamine deficiency was positively associated with the depletion of thiamine auxotrophic bacteria in the obese microbiome. …”
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A Comparative Analysis of Feeding Practices and Oral Immunity in Infants by Amal Mohamad Husein Mackawy, Fay Saleh Alturky, Amal Hussain Mohammed, Basmah F. Alharbi, Mohsina Huq, Afshan Zeeshan Wasti, Mawahib Alhag Ali Ahmed, Hajed Obaid Abdullah Alharbi

“…In contrast, formula feeding is associated with increased colonization by potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus and Escherichia coli, which may elevate the risk of infections, oral diseases, and inflammation. …”
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Bacterial extracellular vesicle: A non-negligible component in biofilm life cycle and challenges in biofilm treatments by Nuo Chen, Yangfu Li, Xinmin Liang, Keyuan Qin, Ying Zhang, Juan Wang, Qingping Wu, Tanushree B. Gupta, Yu Ding

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