Analysis of Outage Probability and Average Bit Error Rate of Parallel-UAV-Based Free-Space Optical Communications by Sheng-Hong Lin, Jin-Yuan Wang, Xinyi Hua

“…Then, we derive closed-form expressions of the system outage probability (OP) and average bit error rate (ABER). Moreover, we also derive the asymptotic OP and ABER for a high-optical-intensity regime. …”
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Intersection-based geographical perception routing protocol in VANET by Yuqi YANG, Guoan ZHANG, Min WU

“…In order to solve the problem of the communication performance of degradation,which caused by multi-intersections in city environment and no sensitivity to individual node movements,an intersection-based geographical perception routing protocol in vehicular Ad Hoc network was proposed.The network gateways select road intersections to form the backbone of the route,ensuring a high probability of communication and meeting delay and bit error rate requirements.Mathematical formula of the average delay and the average number of hops were obtained on the basis of a two-way road model.Simulation results show that the transmission delay of IGPR is smaller,the number of hops of IGPR is less,and the communication performance of IGPR is better compared with the FRGR protocols and VRR protocols.…”
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Intersection-based geographical perception routing protocol in VANET by Yuqi YANG, Guoan ZHANG, Min WU

“…In order to solve the problem of the communication performance of degradation,which caused by multi-intersections in city environment and no sensitivity to individual node movements,an intersection-based geographical perception routing protocol in vehicular Ad Hoc network was proposed.The network gateways select road intersections to form the backbone of the route,ensuring a high probability of communication and meeting delay and bit error rate requirements.Mathematical formula of the average delay and the average number of hops were obtained on the basis of a two-way road model.Simulation results show that the transmission delay of IGPR is smaller,the number of hops of IGPR is less,and the communication performance of IGPR is better compared with the FRGR protocols and VRR protocols.…”
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Topology-Aware Anchor Node Selection Optimization for Enhanced DV-Hop Localization in IoT by Haixu Niu, Yonghai Li, Shuaixin Hou, Tianfei Chen, Lijun Sun, Mingyang Gu, Muhammad Irsyad Abdullah

“…First, the impact of non-uniform node distribution on hop count and average hop distance is analyzed. …”
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Integration of multi agent reinforcement learning with golden jackal optimization for predicting average localization error in wireless sensor networks by K. Lakshmi Prabha, Hanan Abdullah Mengash, Hamed Alqahtani, Randa Allafi

“…Varying network densities and the interdependence of parameters such as anchor ratio, transmission range, and node density increase the Average Localization Error (ALE) in WSNs. …”
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Hounsfield unit change in metastatic abdominal lymph nodes treated with combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy. by Young Kyu Lee, Kyu Hye Choi, Wonjoong Cheon, Bohyun Kim, In-Ho Kim, Young-Nam Kang, HongSeok Jang

“…In the HTRT-treated group, the average HU value of the tumor was lower by 9.05%, with an average of -8.47 HU. …”
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PROPAGATION AND ARTIFICIAL SEEDS PRODUCTION FROM SINGLE NODE EXPLANTS OF MACLURA THAT CULTURED IN VITRO by M. T. Al-Jubori, M. A. Al-Shamari

“…The effect of using sodium alginate at different concentrations on the production of artificial seeds from single nodes was investigated. The results showed that the Maclura plant can be successfully propagated in vitro by culturing single nodes on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) with 0.6mg /L GA3, resulting in a percentage response of up to 100%. …”
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Sonographic Assessment of the Normal and Abnormal Feline Mammary Glands and Axillary and Inguinal Lymph Nodes by Nayara S. Moraes, Naida C. Borges

“…Ultrasound examination of the mammary glands and lymph nodes are possible to evaluate the entire mammary chain as well the superficial inguinal and axillary lymph nodes for abnormalities in the feline.…”
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A Hybrid Seed Node Selection and No-Retracing Random Walk in Page Rank Algorithm by Azam Bastanfard, Ali Kheradbeygi Moghadam, Ali Fallahi RahmatAbadi

“…Significant sample characteristics were also covered, including average clustering coefficient, sampling effectiveness, degree distribution, and average degree. …”
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CycRank: a universal optimization framework for vital nodes identification in complex networks by Wenfeng Shi, Tianlong Fan, Shuqi Xu, Rongmei Yang, Linyuan Lü

“…The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to directly selecting top- k nodes from centrality rankings and state-of-the-art optimization frameworks, the influencers identified by CycRank increase the average dissemination range by up to 17%. …”
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Cropland observatory nodes (CRONOS): Proximal, integrated soil-plant-atmosphere monitoring systems by D. Cole Diggins, Andres Patrignani, Erik S. Krueger, William G. Brown, Tyson E. Ochsner

“…To reduce this uncertainty, CRopland Observatory NOdeS (CRONOS) were developed to monitor soil water content, green canopy cover (GCC), and atmospheric conditions in crop fields. …”
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Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tactics for Metastases to the Lymph Nodes of the Neck without an Identified Primary Focus by M. I. Sokolova, V. I. Pavlova

“…Metastatically affected lymph nodes were localized in 92 % of cases at levels II and III. …”
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Wireless sensor network nodes localization method based on cellular automata bat algorithm by Kailu MENG, Keqiang YUE, Junna SHANG

“…To further enhance the location precision of unknown nodes and solve the node location error in wireless sensor network,a location method based on cellular automata bat algorithm was presented.Mixed the idea of cellular automata and the bat algorithm and drawed into the cellular RCS niche technique and disaster mechanism,the algorithm could jump out of local optimum and increase the convergence speed.In order to verify the feasibility and efficiency,the proposed algorithm was verified through simulation of several benchmark functions.Then the algorithm implemented the CA-BA to node location prediction to increase the precision of the unknown node location.In the measured experiment,the results show that the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy compared to the improved PSO algorithm,which average localization error is less than 0.5m.…”
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Analysis of College Classes Based on U-CLASS System Using Personal Mobile Nodes by Chonggun Kim, Jeongmi Kim, Hohwan Park, Ilkyu Ha

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The Effect of the Number of Nodes on Data Communication Performance in Nomad Clusters Using the Gossip Protocol by Ridwan Satrio Hadikusuma, Veronica Windha Mahyastuty, Lukas, Epril Moh Rizaludin

“…This research aims to understand the effect of the number of nodes on the performance of data communication in Nomad clusters using the gossip protocol. …”
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Research on Highly Dynamic Node BLE Mesh Routing Strategy based on Limited Flooding by WU Xihang, HUANG Zhuo, LUO Senlin, WANG Fengxiang

“…In random attacks, the overall network PDR is increased from 53.00% to 92.29%. And the average PDR of non-neighboring nodes in the limited flooding routing algorithm is improved from 78.73% to 86.97% as compared to the flooding routing algorithm.…”
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Dynamic Edge Loading Balancing with Edge Node Activity Prediction and Accelerating the Model Convergence by Wen Chen, Sibin Liu, Yuxiao Yang, Wenjing Hu, Jinming Yu

“…This challenge is exacerbated by the inherent dynamics and uncertainty of edge node load variations. To tackle these issues, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based approach for task offloading and resource allocation, aiming to balance the load on edge nodes while reducing the long-term average cost. …”
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The heterogeneous impact of China–Europe railway express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities by Yanliang Niu, Jin Liu, Xining Yang, Chuan Wang

“…This study explores the impact of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities and analyzes the heterogeneity. Design/methodology/approach – First, this study uses panel data to measure the efficiency of node city logistics industry. …”
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Identification of Regional Lymph Node Involvement of Colorectal Cancer by Serum SELDI Proteomic Patterns by Nai-Jun Fan, Chun-Fang Gao, Xiu-Li Wang

“…To explore the application of serum proteomic patterns for the preoperative detection of regional lymph node involvement of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods. …”
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Role of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty for the Treatment of Symptomatic Schmorl’s Nodes: A Systematic Review by Nigil Sadanandan Palliyil, Jim Francis Vellara, Vasanth Bharathidasan, Anjaly S. Nair

“…Patients with refractory back pain due to Schmorl’s nodes who fail treatment with conservative measures may need surgical intervention. …”
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