Natural killer cell engagers for cancer immunotherapy by Shahryar Khoshtinat Nikkhoi, Geng Li, Arash Hatefi, Arash Hatefi

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Natural killer cell engagers: From bi‐specific to tri‐specific and tetra‐specific engagers for enhanced cancer immunotherapy by An Zhu, Yu Bai, Yanyang Nan, Dianwen Ju

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Identification of novel anti-CD16a antibody clones for the development of effective natural killer cell engagers by Bill Liao, Christine Tumanut, Lin Li, Adam Corper, Dilip Challa, Alex Chang, Hydari Begum, Elinaz Farokhi, Catherine Woods, Xiaomin Fan

“…Natural killer (NK) cells are key players in human innate immunity. …”
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Impact of antibody architecture and paratope valency on effector functions of bispecific NKp30 x EGFR natural killer cell engagers by Ammelie Svea Boje, Lukas Pekar, Katharina Koep, Britta Lipinski, Brian Rabinovich, Andreas Evers, Carina Lynn Gehlert, Steffen Krohn, Yanping Xiao, Simon Krah, Rinat Zaynagetdinov, Lars Toleikis, Sven Poetzsch, Matthias Peipp, Stefan Zielonka, Katja Klausz

“…Natural killer (NK) cells emerged as a promising effector population that can be harnessed for anti-tumor therapy. …”
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Novel trispecific killer engager targeting B7-H3 enhances natural killer cell antitumor activity against head and neck cancer by Jeffrey S Miller, Martin Felices, Peter Hinderlie, James Lim, Naomi Fujioka, Shee Kwan Phung, Yvette Soignier, Joshua T Walker, Melissa A Geller, Madison Shackelford, Carly Selleck, Philippa R Kennedy, Mihir Shetty, Melissa J Khaw, Paolo P Provenzano, Nicholas A Zorko, Laura E Bendzick, Riley C Lyons, Elise L Femino, Terran Stenger, Tumpa Dasgupta, Laura E Kotz, Eng Hock Lee, Quynhanh Lu, Zachary B Davis, John E Wagner, Margaret L MacMillan

“…As current immunotherapies often fail due to suppressive elements in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we developed a trispecific killer engager (TriKE) to direct multiple signals to natural killer (NK) cells to overcome the hypoxic TME. …”
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Engaging natural killer cells for cancer therapy via NKG2D, CD16A and other receptors by Kerry A. Whalen, Kavya Rakhra, Naveen K. Mehta, Alexander Steinle, Jennifer S. Michaelson, Patrick A. Baeuerle

“…In particular, the engagement of natural killer (NK) cells as potent effectors of the innate immune response has emerged as a promising modality in immunotherapy. …”
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Natural Killer Cell Evasion Is Essential for Infection by Rhesus Cytomegalovirus. by Elizabeth R Sturgill, Daniel Malouli, Scott G Hansen, Benjamin J Burwitz, Seongkyung Seo, Christine L Schneider, Jennie L Womack, Marieke C Verweij, Abigail B Ventura, Amruta Bhusari, Krystal M Jeffries, Alfred W Legasse, Michael K Axthelm, Amy W Hudson, Jonah B Sacha, Louis J Picker, Klaus Früh

“…The natural killer cell receptor NKG2D activates NK cells by engaging one of several ligands (NKG2DLs) belonging to either the MIC or ULBP families. …”
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Bispecific killer engager for targeted depletion of PD-1 positive lymphocytes: A new avenue for autoimmune disease treatment by Lauren C. Naatz, Shuyun Dong, Brian Evavold, Xiangyang Ye, Mingnan Chen

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Mechanisms of Innate Lymphoid Cell and Natural Killer T Cell Activation during Mucosal Inflammation by David Nau, Nora Altmayer, Jochen Mattner

“…Due to their abundance at mucosal tissue sites and their powerful immunomodulatory capacities, the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and natural killer T (NKT) cells in the maintenance of mucosal tolerance has recently moved into the focus of attention. …”
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Immune Cell Engagers: Advancing Precision Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment by Hyukmin In, Minkyoung Park, Hyeonsik Lee, Kyung Ho Han

“…By engaging T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and phagocytes, ICEs overcome challenges such as immune evasion and MHC downregulation, addressing critical barriers in cancer treatment. …”
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Unveiling the Interplay Between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer Cells as Key Players in Leishmania Infection by Ana Valério-Bolas, Mafalda Meunier, Armanda Rodrigues, Joana Palma-Marques, Rui Ferreira, Inês Cardoso, Lis Lobo, Marta Monteiro, Telmo Nunes, Ana Armada, Wilson T. Antunes, Graça Alexandre-Pires, Isabel Pereira da Fonseca, Gabriela Santos-Gomes

“…The innate immune response is the first defense line against pathogens, which includes natural killer (NK) and dendritic cells (DCs). By recognizing and ultimately destroying infected cells, and by secreting immune mediators that favor inflammatory microenvironments, NK cells take the lead in the infectious process. …”
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PD-1 Bispecific Killer Engager (PD-1 BiKE) effectively depletes effector T lymphocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by Lauren C. Naatz, Shuyun Dong, Yujia Zhai, Brian Evavold, Mingnan Chen

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CD155 blockade enhances allogeneic natural killer cell-mediated antitumor response against osteosarcoma by Lei Shi, Christian M Capitini, Amy K Erbe, Fernanda Szewc, Longzhen Song, Matthew H Forsberg, David P Turicek, Paul D Bates, Devin M Burpee, Aicha E Quamine, Johnathan D Ebben, Jillian M Kline, Emily O Lafeber, Madison F Phillips, Monica M Cho, Amanda S Ceas, John A Kink

“…OS expresses CD155 which interacts strongly with inhibitory receptors TIGIT and CD96 but also binds to activating receptor DNAM-1 on natural killer (NK) cells. CD155 has never been targeted after alloBMT. …”
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Increased Chemokine Production is a Hallmark of Rhesus Macaque Natural Killer Cells Mediating Robust Anti-HIV Envelope-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity by Junsuke Nohara, Tyler Evangelous, Madison Berry, Whitney Beck, Sarah Mudrak, Shalini Jha, R. Keith Reeves, Kevin J. Wiehe, Justin Pollara, Georgia Tomaras, Todd Bradley, Guido Ferrari

“…Currently, the heterogeneities of the functional subset of rhesus macaque natural killer (RMNK) cells are under-characterized.  …”
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Agonistic anti-NKG2D antibody structure reveals unique stoichiometry and epitope compared to natural ligands by Daniel Fallon, Ching-Shin Huang, Jingya Ma, Christopher Morgan, Zhaohui Sunny Zhou

“…Natural killer (NK) cells are effector cells of the innate immune system that distinguish between healthy and abnormal cells through activating and inhibitory receptor signaling. …”
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Human NK cells and cancer by Claudia Cantoni, Michela Falco, Massimo Vitale, Gabriella Pietra, Enrico Munari, Daniela Pende, Maria Cristina Mingari, Simona Sivori, Lorenzo Moretta

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CD56bright cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells and NK-cell engagers synergize against non-small cell lung cancer cancer-stem cells by Paola Orecchia, Maria Cristina Mingari, Martin Felices, Monica Parodi, Luca Roz, Massimo Vitale, Giulia Bertolini, Claudia Cantoni, Maria L Guevara Lopez, Ann Gebo, Stefano Persano, Josephine Maus-Conn, Fabrizio Loiacono, Simona Sivori, Marco Gentili, Federica Facchinetti, Riccardo Ferracini, Daniel A Vallera, Marco Pravetoni

“…Background Due to their enhanced responsiveness and persistence, cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML)-natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as new immunotherapeutic tools against malignancies. …”
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4‐1BB and cytokines trigger human NK, γδ T, and CD8+ T cell proliferation and activation, but are not required for their effector functions by Laurent Vidard

“…Abstract Introduction This study was designed to compare the costimulatory molecules and cytokines required to trigger the proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK), γδ T, and CD8+ T cells, and gain in‐depth insight into the mechanisms shifting tolerance to immunity. …”
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Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Streptococcus anginosus Aggravate Lupus Nephritis by Triggering TLR2‐MyD88‐NF‐κB Signalling in NK Cells by Ying Gong, Lingyue Jin, Lina Duan, Jie Xiao, Yao Li, HongXia Wang, Haifang Wang, Wanying Lin, Yi Zhang, Xiufeng Gan, Shuyin Pang, Yurong Qiu, Weinan Lai, Lei Zheng, Haixia Li

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Bispecific immune cell engager enhances the anticancer activity of CD16+ NK cells and macrophages in vitro, and eliminates cancer metastasis in NK humanized NOG mice by Ge Yang, Mohammad Massumi, Shahryar Khoshtinat Nikkhoi, Hajar Owji, Mayara Grizotte-Lake, Rick I Cohen, Lazaro Gil Gonzalez, Arash Hatefi

“…Background In a prior report, we detailed the isolation and engineering of a bispecific killer cell engager, referred to as BiKE:E5C1. The BiKE:E5C1 exhibits high affinity/specificity for the CD16a activating receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on cancer cells. …”
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