The utility of artificial intelligence in identifying radiological evidence of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis in a high-burden tuberculosis setting by Z Z Nxumalo, E M Irusen, B W Allwood, M Tadepalli, J Bassi, C F N Koegelenberg

“…To assess the utility of qXR software (AI) in detecting radiological changes compatible with lung cancer or pulmonary TB (PTB). Methods. We performed an observational study in a tertiary institution that serves a population with a high burden of lung cancer and PTB. …”
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Comparison of the Efficacy between Bilateral Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Block versus Incision Site Infiltration for Duration of Analgesia in Lumbar Spinal Surgery Using Levob... by Karthik G Sheshadri, Sudheer Ramegowda, Mahesh Chandra, Prajyot Bhurli, Ashwani Kristipati, Renjan R I

“…The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound guided Erector spinae block with wound infiltration using levobupivacaine in lumbar spine surgeries under general anaesthesia. Methods: A prospective randomized single blinded study was carried out in 50 patients of ASA grade I and II, aged 20 to 60 years scheduled for elective lumbar spine surgeries. …”
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Effects of gestational and lactational exposure to ethanol on body and bone growth of rat offspring by Natalia Viana Tamiasso, Fabiana Rocha Araújo, Natália de Melo Ocarino, Amanda Maria Sena Reis, Athelson Stefanon Bittencourt, Rogéria Serakides

“…Objective: To evaluate the effects of maternal ethanol consumption during pregnancy (prenatal) as well as during pregnancy and lactation (pre- and post-natal). Methods: 12 Wistar rats were divided into ethanol and control groups. …”
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Operation time as a prognostic indicator on postoperative complications following percutaneous nephrolithotomy by Alireza Pakdel, Abdolreza Mohammadi, Amirreza Shamshirgaran, Ehsan Zemanati Yar, Leila Zareian Baghdadabad, Farshid Alaeddini, Roghayeh Koohi Ortakand, Leonardo Oliveira Reis, Seyed Reza Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir

“…Objective: We aimed to find an optimal cut-off time for percutaneous nephrolithotomy to prevent complications. Methods: This study enrolled 165 patients aged 18–80 with renal stones ⩾2 cm or ⩾1 cm in lower pole, confirmed via noncontrast computed tomography. …”
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Microbial community variations in adult Hyalomma dromedarii ticks from single locations in Saudi Arabia and Tunisia by Myriam Kratou, Apolline Maitre, Apolline Maitre, Apolline Maitre, Lianet Abuin-Denis, Lianet Abuin-Denis, Rachid Selmi, Hanène Belkahia, Abdullah D. Alanazi, Hattan Gattan, Hattan Gattan, Bassam M. Al-Ahmadi, Abdullah F. Shater, Lourdes Mateos-Hernández, Dasiel Obregón, Lilia Messadi, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz, Mourad Ben Said, Mourad Ben Said

“…Despite prior studies on its microbiota, the effects of geographic origin and sex on microbial community structure and functional stability remain poorly understood.MethodsTo address this, we characterized the bacterial microbiota of H. dromedarii ticks collected from camels in Tunisia (TUN) and Saudi Arabia (SA) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, microbial network analysis, and metabolic pathway prediction.ResultsOur findings indicate a dominant presence of Francisella endosymbionts in Tunisian ticks, suggesting adaptive roles of H. dromedarii ticks in arid ecosystems. …”
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Neolithic introgression of IL23R-related protection against chronic inflammatory bowel diseases in modern EuropeansResearch in context by Ben Krause-Kyora, Nicolas Antonio da Silva, Elif Kaplan, Daniel Kolbe, Inken Wohlers, Hauke Busch, David Ellinghaus, Amke Caliebe, Efe Sezgin, Almut Nebel, Stefan Schreiber, Sabine Schade-Lindig, Joachim Wahl, Carola Berszin, Michael Francken, Irina Görner, Kerstin Schierhold, Joachim Pechtl, Gisela Grupe, Johannes Müller

“…Today, the A-allele occurs with an average frequency of 5% in Europe. Methods: This study comprised 251 ancient genomes from Europe spanning over 14,000 years. …”
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Diagnostics and treatment of peptic ulcer: clinical guidelines of the Russian gastroenterological Association by V. T. Ivashkin, A. A. Sheptulin, I. V. Mayev, Ye. K. Baranskaya, A. S. Trukhmanov, T. L. Lapina, S. G. Burkov, A. V. Kalinin, A. V. Tkachev

“…To present modern concept on etiology and pathogenesis of the peptic ulcer (PUD) to general practitioners, to acquaint them with modern diagnostic methods and main treatment approaches of this disease. …”
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PARP Inhibitors in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer by Andrzej Paweł Zuzak, Magdalena Cieślik-Porębska, Krzysztof Kułak, Jagoda Niewiadomska

“…Aim of the Study This study reviews the efficacy and application of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer treatment over the past 15 years, focusing on literature from the PubMed database post-2009 and considering FDA and EMA guidelines. Review methods A literature review was conducted using the PubMed database, focusing on studies published after 2009. …”
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NRBF2 plays a crucial role in the acquisition process of learning and memory, independent of the Vps34 complex by Songfen Wu, Songfen Wu, Songfen Wu, Haicai Zhuang, Haicai Zhuang, Haicai Zhuang, Xidan Zhou, Kuan Li, Kuan Li, Kuan Li

“…IntroductionNRBF2, a component of autophagy-associated PIK3C3/VPS34-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, plays a crucial role in learning and memory processes, yet its specific impact on memory and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains unclear.MethodsHere, we utilized NRBF2 knockout mice to examine its influence on the time course of fear memory. …”
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Prevalence and investigation of Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in blood donors from the main blood establishment in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil by Agildo da Silva Oliveira, Jéssica Gonçalves Pereira, Gabrielle Tantos Nunes, Ivanildo Pedro de Sousa Junior, Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento, Josiane Iole França Lopes, Luiz Amorim Filho, Vanessa Salete de Paula

“…The risk persists even after prophylaxis ends, especially in patients who undergo organ transplantation and receive blood or blood products from a seropositive donor while being seronegative themselves (D+/R-). Materials and methods: Here, we investigated the serological and molecular prevalence of HCMV among 980 blood donors from the main blood bank in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using chemiluminescence and real-time PCR (TaqMan). …”
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Exploring Acute Kidney Injury Incidence in Hip Periprosthetic Joint Infection Treatment With Combined Intravenous and Intra-articular Antibiotic Infusion by Wenbo Mu, MD, PhD, Boyong Xu, MD, Fei Wang, MD, Wentao Guo, MD, PhD, Xiaogang Zhang, MD, Li Cao, MD

“…This study examines the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing hip PJI treatment with a combination of intravenous and intra-articular antibiotic infusion therapies. Methods: A retrospective review of 151 patient records from May 1, 2010 to December 30, 2022 was conducted at a single academic hospital. …”
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Diagnostic Performance of Deep Learning Applications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detection Using Computed Tomography Imaging by Enes Şahin, Ozan Can Tatar, Mehmet Eşref Ulutaş, Sertaç Ata Güler, Turgay Şimşek, Nihat Zafer Utkan, Nuh Zafer Cantürk

“…This study leverages the potential of deep learning (DL) technologies, employing the You Only Look Once (YOLO) architecture, to enhance the detection of HCC in computed tomography (CT) images, aiming to improve early diagnosis and thereby patient outcomes. Materials and methods: We used a dataset of 1290 CT images from 122 patients, segmented according to a standard 70:20:10 split for training, validation, and testing phases. …”
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Metabolites derived from medicinal plants modulating voltage-gated sodium channel activity: A systematic review by José Luis Estela-Zape, Mayra Liliana Pizarro-Loaiza, Gabriel Arteaga, Santiago Castaño, Leonardo Fierro

“…This systematic review aims to identify plant metabolites that affect Nav channel activity, with the potential for developing more selective and safer treatments. Methods: The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. …”
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New biomarkers for diagnosis of bladder cancer: a bibliometric analysis by Roberto Falabella, Valentina De Simone, Felice Crocetto, Francesco Del Giudice, Angelo Porreca, Nazario Foschi, Biagio Barone, Luca Di Gianfrancesco, Valentina Di Pasquale, Vincenzo Francesco Caputo

“…This bibliometric analysis aims to identify and evaluate scientific literature addressing new biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis, as well as to identify the most prolific organizations, authors, journals, countries, and keywords within this research domain. Methods: An electronic search was conducted using Elsevier's Scopus database. …”
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Radiographic Features of Spinal Meningioma and Schwannoma: A Novel Specific Feature―Ginkgo Leaf Sign by Yu Toda, Masashi Miyazaki, Takaomi Kobayashi, Yoshiaki Egashira, Deokcheol Lee, Hideaki Hamanaka, Shigeo Ueda, Hiromu Yoshizato, Masatsugu Tsukamoto, Tomohito Yoshihara, Hirohito Hirata, Hiroaki Konishi, Tatsuya Tanaka, Koji Otani, Masaaki Mawatari, Tadatsugu Morimoto

“…Because of their different origins, they necessitate different surgical procedures, which makes preoperative diagnosis important. Methods: In this study, clinical and imaging data for 62 patients diagnosed with either meningioma or schwannoma across multiple institutions were analyzed. …”
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Formation and Evolution Mechanisms of Severe Haze Pollution in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China by Xianyu Yang, Yaqiong Lu, Xinsheng Zhu, Jianjun He, Qi Jiang, Kai Wu, Haolin Wang, Xiaoling Zhang, Shigong Wang

“…Our results reveal the detailed formation mechanism of a severe haze episode in the SCB under the effects of regional transport and synoptic forcing patterns to improve the understanding of haze formation in areas with complex terrain.…”
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Barriers to and facilitators of access to mental health services among pregnant adolescents and young mothers in Belize by Olusola Oladeji, Joanna Lai, Natalia R. Velazquez, Mohammed I. Bammai, Ghanshyam Kandel, Andria Spyridou, Natalia L. Beer, Angella E. Baitwabusa, Juliet Simmons, Fidel L. Cuellar, Iveth Quintanilla, Jeffan Augustine

“…Objective: To identify barriers to and facilitators of access to perinatal mental health services among pregnant adolescents and young mothers in Belize. Methods: This was an exploratory descriptive qualitative study using focus group discussions conducted in August 2023. …”
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Association between carotid artery hemodynamics and neurovascular coupling in cerebral small vessel disease: an exploratory study by Peng Zeng, Bang Zeng, Xiaohua Wang, Feiyue Yin, Binglan Li, Lisha Nie, Lin Tian, Dan Luo, Yongmei Li

“…However, evidence linking the features of carotid artery hemodynamics to cerebral NVC is still lacking.ObjectiveThis study is aimed to explore the impact of PI and WSS on NVC and cognitive performance in CSVD patients using neuroimaging.MethodsThis study included 52 CSVD patients and 41 healthy controls. …”
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Clinical role of endothelial dysfunction and hemostasis gene allelic variants in hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemia by M. V. Sokolova, Ye. Ye. Starostina, T. N. Krasnova, L. M. Samokhodskaya, T. P. Rozina, V. G. Avdeyev, M. G. Artemova, Ye. B. Yarovaya, N. A. Mukhin

“…To estimate the effect of carriage of endothelial dysfunction and hemostasis gene allelic variants on development of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CryoVas) and its clinical symptoms in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Material and methods. Original study included overall 72 patients with CHC and cryoglobulinemia: 21 patients had CryoVas, 51 - CHC without vasculitis. …”
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Cardiotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and associated mechanism of myocardial cell injury in mice by Ziyi Xiong, Qiling Kong, Juan Hua, Qi Chen, Dandan Wang

“…We aimed to investigate the toxic effects of polystyrene NPs on the heart and the associated mechanisms. Methods and results: Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. …”
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