Hierarchical reinforcement learning based on macro actions by Hao Jiang, Gongju Wang, Shengze Li, Jieyuan Zhang, Long Yan, Xinhai Xu

“…Although hierarchical methods have been proven to be effective in addressing this issue, they are not fully explored. …”
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Efficient identification of maximum independent sets in stochastic multilayer graphs with learning automata by Mohammad Mehdi Daliri Khomami, Mohammad Reza Meybodi, Alireza Rezvanian

“…Investigating the maximum independent set in stochastic multilayer graphs provides critical insights into the structural and dynamical properties of complex networks. …”
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DeepDTAGen: a multitask deep learning framework for drug-target affinity prediction and target-aware drugs generation by Pir Masoom Shah, Huimin Zhu, Zhangli Lu, Kaili Wang, Jing Tang, Min Li

“…Therefore, the learning models must be utilized in such a manner to learn the structural properties of drug molecules, the conformational dynamics of proteins, and the bioactivity between drugs and targets. …”
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Ultrastructural organization and reproduction of virions in Vero (E6) cells in influenza A/H1N1 pmd09 virus monoinfection and coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 (Delta and Omicron strains... by Ksenia F. Emtsova, Ekaterina V. Spiridonova, Vladimir V. Omigov, Anastasia A. Moiseeva, Elena I. Danilenko, Oleg S. Taranov

“…The aim of the work is to study the ultrastructure of Vero (E6) cells and the reproduction of viral particles during monoinfection with the influenza A virus and coinfection of this virus with two SARS-CoV-2 genovariants in dynamics 6, 18 and 24 hours after inoculation. Materials and methods. …”
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ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND DOMESTIC WATER DEMAND IN YELWA AREA OF BAUCHI METROPOLIS by THOMAS S., GHANI, Z. A.

“…Objective: This paper analyzed socio-economic characteristics and domestic water demand in Yelwa Area of Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria. Methods: Using systematic random and stratified sampling techniques, data were collected from 310 households via structured questionnaires, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. …”
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Public trust to institutions as a resource of interethnic consolidation in the regional community by V. V. Krivopuskov

“…Besides, the author uses traditional sociological research methods: structuralist and institutional approaches, social capital theory. …”
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Some aspects of the impact of the State budget deficit on the Socio-economic development of Russia by I. V. Snimshchikova, K. E. Shamray

“…The purpose of the study is a detailed analysis of the main causes of the state budget deficit, including anti-Russian sanctions, the complex geopolitical situation in the world, as well as the degree of their influence on the socio-economic policy pursued by the state.Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research is: analysis, comparison, generalization. …”
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Bibliometric analysis of worldwide scientific production in taekwondo by Luis A. Cardozo, Gino Salcedo-Gómez, Jehison Mateus-Barreto, Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal, Diego A. Bonilla

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Reinforcement Learning for Optimizing Renewable Energy Utilization in Buildings: A Review on Applications and Innovations by Panagiotis Michailidis, Iakovos Michailidis, Elias Kosmatopoulos

“…One significant branch of modern control algorithms concerns reinforcement learning, a data-driven strategy capable of dynamically managing renewable energy sources and other energy subsystems under uncertainty and real-time constraints. …”
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Virtual English LAB: The Impact of Virtual Worlds on English Language Learning and Life Skills in Higher Education by Alfonso Filippone, Maria Ermelinda De Carlo, Raffaele Di Fuccio

“…Adopting a quasi-experimental, mixed-methods design, the study analyzes learning outcomes, motivation, life skills, and perceived usability through validated tools: Cambridge Assessment-aligned tests (A2/B1), the MSLQ, the LiSST scale, and the SUS questionnaire. …”
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The complexities of joy: a qualitative study of joy cultivation, loss of joy, and happiness in British adults by Maria Roberts, Richard Appiah

“…This study explored the subjective and contextual dimensions of joy among UK adults, including how it is cultivated, lost, and related to the broader aspects of well-being. Methods Using an exploratory qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 adults aged 28–59 years. …”
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Russian Historiography of Polish Nationalism in the End of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Century: Network Analysis by Viktor Durov

“…The results obtained made it possible to consider the structural features of the network of Polonist historians in our country and the dynamics of its formation. …”
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The Practice of Community-Based Forest Management in Northwest Ethiopia by Tesfaye Mengie, László Szemethy

“…However, obstacles such as land tenure, resource conflicts, and capacity restrictions continue, requiring adaptive methods and legislative reforms. This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on sustainable natural resource management by offering empirical insights into the dynamics of CBFM in the Awi administrative zone of northwest Ethiopia.…”
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The Lexicon of Youth Subcultures in the Linguocultural Lexicographic Description (Based on Online Media for Gamers) by Irina S. Kochelaeva

“…The ways of enriching this vocabulary were studied: borrowing and various methods of loanword adaptation in the Russian-speaking environment, as well as affixation and abbreviation. …”
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Enhancing Abrasion Resistance in Jute/Epoxy Composites: The Role of Silicon Carbide Fillers in Wear Prevention by Vishwas Mahesh

“…To analyze the most influential factor affecting the abrasive behavior of these composites, we applied statistical methods, specifically Taguchi's L16 orthogonal array (OA). …”
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Features of the Retina Light Sensitivity in Patients with Chronic Cerebral Ischemia, Depending on the Stage of Discirculatory Encephalopathy with the Use of a Neuropeptide by M. A. Frolov, A. M. Gasankhanova

“…Our study was to examine the degree of the light sensitivity impairment of the retina in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, as well as to reveal the dynamics of these disorders on the background of the neuropeptide, depending on the stage of vascular encephalopathy.Patients and methods. …”
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Calibrating the Tropospheric Air and Ozone Mass by Michael J. Prather

“…Abstract We divide the atmosphere into distinct spheres based on their physical, chemical, and dynamical traits. In deriving chemical budgets and climate trends, which differ across spheres, we need clearly defined boundaries. …”
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The Efficiency of The Interest Channel in The Context of Monetary Policy in Developed Countries by Taner Taş, Kubilay Çağrı Yılmaz

“…In the study, panel unit root tests, panel cointegration tests with structural breaks, and panel causality tests developed by Kónya (2006) were applied to the variables determined to contain cross-sectional dependence. …”
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Evaluating Colombia’s Hospital Bed Expansion From 2010 to 2022 Using Interrupted Time Series Analysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Paul Rodríguez Lesmes, Dalya Sofía Rua, Catalina Durán

“…Yet, it shows that the country needs to modify its financial and organizational structures to ensure better preparedness for future health crises.…”
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DEVELOPING LEADERSHIP POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS OF THE DIRECTION "ADVERTISING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS" TO ADAPT TO PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES by Elena Yu. Dvoinikova

“…The relevance of the experts in the field of public relations in today's dynamically changing social environment is determined including the phenomena of social tension, political conflicts, mass migration due to the global economic crisis.…”
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