Oxygen Defect Site Filling Strategy Induced Moderate Enrichment of Reactants for Efficient Electrocatalytic Biomass Upgrading by Baixue Cheng, Haoyu Zhan, Yankun Lu, Danning Xing, Xingshuai Lv, Thomas Frauenheim, Peng Zhou, Shuangyin Wang, Yuqin Zou

“…In this work, the defect‐filling strategy to design and construct an element‐filled oxygen vacancy site layered double hydroxide (S─Ov─LDH) is adopted, which achieves a significant reduction in the electrolysis potential of biomass platform molecule HMF oxidation reaction and a significant increase in current density. …”
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Application of Neural Networks for Recognizing Rail Structural Elements in Magnetic and Eddy Current Defectograms by Egor V. Kuzmin, Oleg E. Gorbunov, Petr O. Plotnikov, Vadim A. Tyukin, Vladimir A. Bashkin

“…The analysis means a process of determining the presence of defective sections along with identifying structural elements of railway tracks on defectograms. …”
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Effects of different microfracture drilling parameters on bone quality: a finite element analysis by Jiayi Luo, Jiayi Luo, Zihao Zou, Qiang Zou, Qiang Zou, Siwei Luo, Jialin He, Chuan Ye, Chuan Ye

“…However, when the exposed area is large, it may affect the mechanical strength of the bone at the site of the cartilage defect. The purpose of this study is to use the finite element method to analyze the effects of drilling diameter, hole spacing, and drilling depth during microfracture surgery on the stability of the bone structure at the cartilage defect site.MethodsIn this study, a normal knee joint model was selected for solid modeling, and a model of a femoral medial condyle cartilage defect was constructed. …”
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Local defect formation in short glass fibre reinforced polymers – micro-mechanical simulations and interrupted in-situ experiments by Julia Maurer, Denise Krölling, Dietmar Salaberger, Michael Jerabek, Johann Kastner, Zoltán Major

“…Additionally, the defect formation next to selected fibres was investigated by X-ray computed tomography (CT). …”
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Meta-analysis and systematic review of the outcome of reparative strategies for the treatment of deep joint defects of the knee in adult patients by Pieter Berger, Luis F. Mendes, Pieter J. Emans, Roel J.H. Custers, Frank P. Luyten

“…Conclusions: Recommending one treatment over another for deep joint surface defects remains challenging due to various elements among which long-term sustainability is a critical one. …”
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Application of Convolutional Neural Networks for Recognizing Long Structural Elements of Rails in Eddy-Current Defectograms by Egor V. Kuzmin, Oleg E. Gorbunov, Petr O. Plotnikov, Vadim A. Tyukin, Vladimir A. Bashkin

“…The analysis means a process of determining the presence of defective sections along with identifying structural elements of railway tracks in defectograms. …”
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Three-Dimensional Finite Element Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Solid-State Processing of Metal Material by Guang Su, Aimin Zhang

“…On the basis of summarizing and analyzing previous research works, this paper expounded the current status and significance of solid-state processing of metal materials, elaborated the development background, current status, and future challenges of 3D finite element numerical simulation, introduced the discrimination method and free surface solution method of numerical simulation calculation, conducted finite element model’s geometric assumptions, material selection, element division, model establishment, parameter selection, and initial and boundary condition determination, and simulated and analyzed rheological casting, remelting heating, thixoforming, and rotary piercing processes of metal materials. …”
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Automatic Condition Monitoring of Industrial Rolling-Element Bearings Using Motor’s Vibration and Current Analysis by Zhenyu Yang

“…The considered fault scenarios include a single-point defect, multiple-point defects, and a type of distributed defect. …”
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Elements in the 5′ Untranslated Region of Viral RNA Important for HIV Gag Recognition and Cross-Packaging by Zetao Cheng, Olga A. Nikolaitchik, Alice Duchon, Jonathan M. O. Rawson, Vinay K. Pathak, Wei-Shau Hu

“…To better understand how HIV-1 Gag selects packaging substrates, we defined elements in the HIV-2 5′ untranslated region (UTR) that are important for this process. …”
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GPR in Damage Identification of Concrete Elements—A Case Study of Diagnostics in a Prestressed Bridge by Piotr Łaziński, Marcin Jasiński, Mateusz Uściłowski, Dawid Piotrowski, Łukasz Ortyl

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3D Thermal Finite Element Analysis of the SLM 316L Parts with Microstructural Correlations by Ketai He, Xue Zhao

“…In this study, a multitrack and multilayer finite element model was developed to simulate the temperature field and molten pool contours during selective laser melting (SLM) of 316L stainless steel powder under different scanning strategies. …”
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The Effects of Defects and Adherend Material on Adhesive Stress Distribution in Laminated Composite Tubular Joints Under Axial Tensile Loads by M. Shishesaz, A.H. Ghamarian, R. Mosalmani

“…This study focuses on the effects of an adhesive defect and adherend type and material on stress distribution in laminated composite tubular joints sustaining axial tensile loads. …”
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Analysis of <i>G</i>-Transformation Modes for Building Neuro-like Parallel–Hierarchical Network Identification of Rail Surface Defects by Vaidas Lukoševičius, Volodymyr Tverdomed, Leonid Tymchenko, Natalia Kokriatska, Yurii Didenko, Mariia Demchenko, Olena Oliynyk

“…This work presents the construction of a transformation for the identification of surface defects on rails, starting with the selection of elements from the matrix and the creation of different matrices. …”
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A Small RNA-Based Immune System Defends Germ Cells against Mobile Genetic Elements by Astrid D. Haase

“…PiRNA pathways utilize two major strategies to handle the challenges of transposon control: (1) the hard-wired molecular memory of prior transpositions enables recognition of mobile genetic elements and discriminates transposons from host genes; (2) a feed-forward adaptation mechanism shapes piRNA populations to selectively combat the immediate threat of transposon transcripts. …”
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3D Finite Element Analysis in Drilling of AA7075 Reinforced with Nano Silicon Carbide Particles by C. Prakash, J. Prakash

“…Whereas, the dimensional accuracy of the drilled hole without any defect is vital to ensure the strength of the joint. …”
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Analysis of Milling Performance of High-Entropy Alloys with Different Elemental Ratios Subject to the Assistance of Various Ultrasonic Systems by Shen-Yung Lin, Bo-Chun Chen

“…However, the multi-element composition of HEAs results in a complex internal composition configuration with exceptionally high hardness and strength, leading to various machining defects under cutting loading such as poor surface roughness, excessive machining temperature, and cutting tool wear. …”
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STYLISTIC ROLE OF DETERMINED VOCABULARY IN PUBLICISTIC STYLE (Based on the material of Lina Kostenko’s article “The Humanitarian Aura of a Nation, or The Defect of the Main Mirror”... by Zoriana J. Kunch

“…This research aims to analyze the stylistic possibilities of deterministic vocabulary in a journalistic style based on the material of Lina Kostenko’s article “The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror”. To achieve this goal, we have carried out a continuous selection of quotes from the analyzed article using lexical units that have undergone determination; described the thematic classes of deterministic lexemes, distinguished the decisions of the functional, lexical-semantic, and traced semantic-stylistic levels, the semantic modifications of the deterministic vocabulary; revealed the stylistic role of determinations for achieving a communicative goal. …”
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Rolling Element Bearing Performance Degradation Assessment Using Variational Mode Decomposition and Gath-Geva Clustering Time Series Segmentation by Yaolong Li, Hongru Li, Bing Wang, Hongqiang Gu

“…By taking the envelope of the BLIMFs, the sensitive BLIMFs are selected. And then we take the amplitude of the defect frequency (ADF) as a degradative feature. …”
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Influence of layer thickness and heat treatment on microstructure and properties of selective laser melted maraging stainless steel by Liangliang Zhang, Minjie Wang, Hongxia Li, Qian Li, Jianye Liu

“…As one of the main parameters of selective laser melting (SLM) process, layer thickness has a significant impact on the forming performance and efficiency of printed parts. …”
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Selective ablation of the androgen receptor in mouse sertoli cells affects sertoli cell maturation, barrier formation and cytoskeletal development. by Ariane Willems, Sergio R Batlouni, Arantza Esnal, Johannes V Swinnen, Philippa T K Saunders, Richard M Sharpe, Luiz R França, Karel De Gendt, Guido Verhoeven

“…Functional analysis of SC barrier development by hypertonic perfusion and lanthanum permeation techniques and immunohistochemical analysis of junction formation showed that SCARKO mice still attempt to produce a barrier separating basal and adluminal compartment but that barrier formation is delayed and defective. Defective barrier formation was accompanied by disturbances in SC nuclear maturation (immature shape, absence of prominent, tripartite nucleoli) and SC polarization (aberrant positioning of SC nuclei and cytoskeletal elements such as vimentin). …”
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