DIMENSIONAL AND TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT WITH MESIAL OCCLUSION COMPLICATED BY DENTITION DEFECTS by D. A. Domenyuk, M. P. Porfyriadis, D. M. Ilijev, G. M-A. Budaychiev, E. G. Vedeshina, S. V. Dmitrienko

“…To study the dimensional and topographic characteristics of the temporomandibular joint elements in mesial occlusion, depending on the topography and the extent of dentition defects.Materials and methods. …”
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Research and Application of SURF and Gray Difference in Detection of Small Modulus Plastic Gear Defect by Yang Ya, Tao Hongyan, Yu Chengbo

“…The gray difference algorithm is used to extract the defective region after the matrix transformation registration,using the Otsu threshold method to segment the image and the characteristics of defect area domain are analyzed,which uses the Otsu threshold method to segment the image. …”
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Defect Detection in Wood Using Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Technique Based on Golay Code by Jun Wang, Tianyou Xu, Hongyan Zou

“…A-scan imaging was performed to analyze the differences in signal characteristics between defective and non-defective areas, while C-scan imaging facilitated a quantitative assessment of defects. …”
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CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING DEFECTS THAT MAY OCCUR DURING FSP/SFSP PROCESSING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS by Gabriela Victoria Mnerie, Lia Nicoleta Botila

“…Key factors influencing defect formation, including tool geometry, process parameters, intrinsic material characteristics, and environmental conditions, are critically examined. …”
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Enhancing Defect Classification in Solar Panels With Electroluminescence Imaging and Advanced Machine Learning Strategies by Fatih Demir

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A Novel Wood Surface Defect Detection Model Based on Improved YOLOv8 by Wenmiao Dou, Jun You

“…To address the challenges posed by complex and variable backgrounds coupled with the small-target characteristics of wood surface defects such as knots and cracks, a novel wood surface defect detection model based on improved You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) is proposed. …”
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Mathematical model of the process for diagnosing defects in aircraft structure elements made of composite materials by I. A. Davydov

“…Its feature is an innovative approach to assessing the probability of defects and their characteristics, based on the analysis of the material properties and technical parameters of the structure. …”
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Overcoming the Three-Dimensional Complexity of Vulvar Defects: A Stepwise, Multi-Flap Approach by Chuan-Han Ang, Walter J.X. Tan, Bien-Keem Tan, Khong-Yik Chew

“…Complex vulvar defects are challenging owing to their three-dimensional characteristics. …”
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Enhanced defect sensing technology in turbid water environments using multi-beam sonar by Wenhui Wang, Yikai Li, Rufei He, Yao Li

“…Our goal is to improve the precision and speed of identifying target image defects. We categorize the target image recognition dataset following specific guidelines and devise a target image imaging model customized for the distinct characteristics of turbid water settings. …”
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CFD–DEM Analysis of Internal Soil Erosion Induced by Infiltration into Defective Buried Pipes by Jun Xu, Fei Wang, Bryce Vaughan

“…The findings highlight the importance of considering fluid–particle interactions and defect characteristics in the design and maintenance of buried structures, offering a predictive basis for assessing erosion risk and infrastructure vulnerability.…”
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Advanced Feature Analysis of Eddy Current Testing Signals for Rail Surface Defect Characterization by Michele Quercio, Luca Santoro, Raffaella Sesana, Francesco Riganti Fulginei

“…These results underscore the effectiveness of using multiple signal-decomposition strategies and advanced analytics to robustly detect and categorize surface defects for better rail-maintenance decisions.…”
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Quantitative Method for Ultrasonic Testing of Lead Seal Defects in High Voltage Cable Accessories by Zheng Hai, Cai Qiushen, Zheng Jishi, Zhen Zhiming, Zou Wei, Chen Jianping

“…This paper introduces a novel method for the detection and quantification of lead seal defects in high-voltage cable terminals. By focusing on the longitudinal wave fan scan images of these defects and integrating threshold segmentation with corrosion algorithms, the method provides real-time information on defect characteristics, including cross-sectional area and height. …”
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Enhancing Defect Detection on Surfaces Using Transfer Learning and Acoustic Non-Destructive Testing by Michele Lo Giudice, Francesca Mariani, Giosuè Caliano, Alessandro Salvini

“…A convolutional neural network (CNN), initially trained on this mock-up, was then fine-tuned via transfer learning on a second test object with distinct geometry and material characteristics. This strategic adaptation to varying physical and acoustic properties led to a significant improvement in classification precision of defect class, from 88% to 95%, demonstrating the effectiveness of transfer learning for robust cross-domain defect detection in challenging diagnostic applications.…”
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ICEEMDAN–VMD denoising method for enhanced magnetic memory detection signal of micro-defects by Shouhong Ji, Jie Yan, Yang Liu, Guojun He

“…During the enhanced magnetic memory detection of micro-defects, many interference signals appear in the detection signal, which makes it difficult to accurately extract the characteristics of the micro-defect signals, significantly affecting detection effectiveness. …”
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Research on Defect Detection of Bare Film in Landfills Based on a Temperature Spectrum Model by Feixiang Jia, Yayu Chen, Wei Hao

“…Second, the contour characteristics of hidden defects in the weld area were analyzed. …”
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Software Defect Prediction Using Deep Q-Learning Network-Based Feature Extraction by Qinhe Zhang, Jiachen Zhang, Tie Feng, Jialang Xue, Xinxin Zhu, Ningyang Zhu, Zhiheng Li

“…Machine learning-based software defect prediction (SDP) approaches have been commonly proposed to help to deliver high-quality software. …”
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DSF-YOLO for weld defect detection in X-ray images with dynamic staged fusion by Meng Zhang, Yanzhu Hu, Binbin Xu, Lisha Luo, Song Wang

“…The Dynamic Staged Fusion Feature Extraction (DSFFE) module dynamically fuses same-scale features from dual-backbone networks, progressively enhancing the representation of defect features and enabling the model to efficiently capture small-sized defects, blurred boundaries, and complex defect characteristics. …”
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Defect engineering and alloying strategies for tailoring thermoelectric behavior in GeTe and its alloys by Qiyong Chen, Cheng Yang, Tong Xing, Jinyang Xi, Wenqing Zhang, Jiong Yang, Lili Xi

“…GeTe exhibits excellent p-type medium-temperature thermoelectric properties with low toxicity and good mechanical characteristics, making it highly promising for development in the thermoelectric field. …”
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The Determination of Body Defects, Hatching and Chick Quality Traits in Partridge (Alectoris Chukar) Parents by Selman Yıldırım, Mehmet Akif Boz, Kadir Erensoy

“…The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between body defects, egg and chick quality and hatching results at different age periods of the laying period of partridges raised in production conditions (cage system). …”
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Mask-Space Optimized Transformer for Semantic Segmentation of Lithium Battery Surface Defect Images by Daozong Sun, Jiasi Chen, Peiwen Wu, Yucheng Pan, Hongsheng Zhong, Zihao Deng, Xiuyun Xue

“…Specifically, our approach achieves an mIoU of 84.18% on the lithium battery surface defect test set and 85.53% and 87.05% mIoUs on two publicly available defect test sets with similar defect characteristics to lithium batteries.…”
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