Passive biometric electronic lock via UHF RFID by Xiang ZOU, Jinsong HAN, Yuhang QU, Jian XIAO, Xian XU

“…A biometric lock design method was proposed based on the internal features of human body, namely PBLock.It used the backscattered RF signals to collect the impedance characteristics of human fingertips through the contact between human fingers and tags.The advantage of such authentication method is that the human impedance was not easy to be stolen, and it was fully integrated with the hardware characteristics of the device (RFID tags), which greatly increased the difficulty for the attacker to copy and clone.To ensure the availability and efficiency of the system, an optimization authentication mechanism was proposed by cutting tag antenna, which effectively improved the impedance sensitivity.Moreover, the feasibility of passive drive was discussed by using the electromagnetic energy advantage of RFID system.Through a large number of experimental evaluations, the authentication accuracy of PBLock can reach 96%, and the average time cost of a single authentication is 1.4 seconds.Some attack models were presented based on practical environment.The results show that PBLock can effectively prevent counterfeiting attack, impersonation attack and replay attack, which provides an opportunity for the secure application of new biometric electronic locks.…”
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Radar reflection of cloud and weather precipitation at the various waves by Mikhail Rubenovich Vatiashvili

“…Taking into account the wave-length, by means of Сλi the specific particle backscattering area of cloud and weather precipitation (later CWP) ηλ, сm-1 was calculated, and without taking into account the wave-length - radar reflection of CWP (Z, mm6 ∙ m-3) at different units. …”
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Microwave Radar Sensing of Sea Waves: An Effective Reflection Coefficient by Karaev Vladimir, Panfilova Mariya Andreevna, Titchenko Yu., Meshkov Evgeniy Mihaylovich, Kovaldov Dmitry, Xiuzhong Li, Yijun He

“…At the small incidence angles, the dominant backscattering mechanism for sea waves is the quasi-specular backscattering mechanism. …”
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EXPERIMENTAL TRIAL OF USING THE SCIENTIFIC MULTIBEAM ECHOSOUNDER DESIGNED TO DETECT FISH IN A WILD FIELD OF VIEW by G. M. Abdurakhmanov, A. A. Teymurov, A. A. Gadzhiev, A. N. Dolgov, A. N. Kutsenko, M. A. Raskita, S. V. Tretyakov

“…Values of the volume backscattering coefficient obtained both from the multibeam echosounder and the Simrad EK60 echosounder are rather close. …”
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Two Alternative Methods to Measure the Radiated Emission in a Reverberation Chamber by Qian Xu, Yi Huang, Sheng Yuan, Lei Xing, Zhihao Tian

“…Furthermore, if only one antenna is available, by taking advantage of the enhanced backscattering effect, the measurement can still be completed. …”
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Bounds on the Electromagnetic Dipole Moments through the Single Top Production at the CLIC by M. Köksal, A. A. Billur, A. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez

“…We consider the processes γe-→t¯bνe (γ is the Compton backscattering photon) and e+e-→e-γ⁎e+→t¯bνee+ (γ⁎ is the Weizsacker-Williams photon) as they are one of the most important sources of single top quark production. …”
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Evaluation of Scintillation Counter Detector Using Gamma Radiation for Gold Detection by Julia Ragab Khalil, Wael Hessen Alawad, Adil Elrayah, Ali Sulaiman Mohamed, Mubark Dirrar Abdallah, Azher S Barrak

“… The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of a new gamma spectrometer technology using a scintillation counter detector. …”
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The Fast Simulation of Scattering Characteristics from a Simplified Time Varying Sea Surface by Yiwen Wei, Lixin Guo, Xiao Meng

“…To reduce the number of the segments and make further improvement on the efficiency of PO method, a simplified sea surface is proposed. …”
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Multifunction Transceiver for Data Communication, Radar Sensing and Power Transfer by Thomas Micallef, Intikhab Hussain, Ke Wu

“…Recent investigations are directing attention towards the development of systems that serve dual functions, like simultaneous wireless information and power transfer and radar-communication, aimed at boosting operational efficiency and ensuring seamless communication among different wireless capabilities. …”
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Intelligent Pattern Recognition Using Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors for Smart Environment by Brian Pamukti, Shofuro Afifah, Shien-Kuei Liaw, Jiun-Yu Sung, Daping Chu

“…Additionally, the backscattering method requires the signal to travel twice the normal distance, which can be inefficient. …”
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EVALUATION OF THE OBJECTIVES POLARIZATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST PASSIVE HINDRANCES WITH THE DEVICE, BASED ON CONSIDERATION OF THE SPATIAL VARIATION OF THE FARADAY ROTATION ANGLE I... by Volodymyr I. Mirnenko, Evgen A.Yufa A. Yufa, Maxim N. Zhuravskij

“…In order to determine the operability of the device under various conditions and to evaluate its efficiency, the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the device is calculated in the case where the backscattering matrix of the target and the matrix of the interference element (for example, dipole, angle reflector, etc.) are not diagonal, m .e. when a cross-polarization component appears when the signal from the target or from the interference element is reflected.…”
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Proximity effect correction in electron beam lithography using a composite function model of electron scattering energy distribution by Qingyuan Mao, Jingyuan Zhu, Xinbin Cheng, Zhanshan Wang

“…Moreover, this model not only optimizes the computational efficiency of PSF calculations but also demonstrates greater potential for applications in the exposure of complex structures such as meta-surface and meta-lens.…”
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Nanomodification analysis of pore structure in GO-enhanced CWRB based on metal intrusion and BSE imaging with deep learning by Jiajian Yu, Yi Gong, Yuan Gao, Hao Sui, Xiaoli Xu, Yanming Liu

“…The extracting feature analysis proves the GO reinforcement is inclined in the matrix's ITZ, with about 10.3 % optimizing efficiency improvement compared with the other regions. …”
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Synthetic polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography using contrastive unpaired translation by Thanh Dat Le, Yong-Jae Lee, Eunwoo Park, Myung-Sun Kim, Tae Joong Eom, Changho Lee

“…Abstract Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) measures the polarization state of backscattered light from tissues and provides valuable insights into the birefringence properties of biological tissues. …”
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Cellular automaton modeling of the local corrosion of ZrO2-C refractories at slag/metal interfaces by Shigefumi Matsumoto, Katsumi Morikawa, Koji Goda, Kiyoshi Goto, Hiroyuki Fukuyama

“…Abstract11 SEN, submerged entry nozzle; CA, cellular automaton; CC, continuous casting; CFD,computational fluid dynamics; LBM, Lattice Boltzmann method; BSE, backscattered electron; EPMA, electron probe microanalysis: Understanding local corrosion mechanisms of ZrO₂-C (ZG) refractories is essential for extending submerged entry nozzle (SEN) lifespan and improving continuous casting efficiency. …”
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Scalable Detection of Underground Water Leaks in Dense Urban Environments Using L-Band SAR and Machine Learning by E. Ali, E. Ali, L. Xie, A. Sani-Mohammed, W. Xu, T. Zayed

“…Traditional methods such as acoustic sensing and manual inspections often fall short in efficiency and scalability. This study proposes the use of L-band SAR imagery from ALOS-2 combined with machine learning techniques to address these challenges. …”
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All-optical modulator with photonic topological insulator made of metallic quantum wells by Wang Haiteng, Niu Junru, Chen Qiaolu, Zhao Sihan, Shao Hua, Yang Yihao, Chen Hongsheng, Li Shilong, Qian Haoliang

“…Since PTIs have attracted significant attention because of their unidirectional propagating edge states, which mitigate optical backscattering caused by structural imperfections or defects. …”
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Research Advances on Distributed Acoustic Sensing Technology for Seismology by Alidu Rashid, Bennet Nii Tackie-Otoo, Abdul Halim Abdul Latiff, Daniel Asante Otchere, Siti Nur Fathiyah Jamaludin, Dejen Teklu Asfha

“…DAS makes use of Rayleigh backscattering to detect and measure dynamic strain and vibrations over extended distances. …”
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Mapping total suspended solids (TSS) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in complex coastal waters using deep learning enhanced remote sensing by S.L. Kesav Unnithan, Nagur Cherukuru, Timothy Ingleton, Eric Lehmann, Matt Paget, Yiqing Guo, Nathan Drayson, Gemma Kerrisk

“…The spectral library consists of WQ parameters and Inherent Optical Properties (IOP) of water samples, including absorption and backscattering coefficients that drive a radiative transfer model to derive resultant Rrs. …”
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Surface Soil Moisture Estimation Taking into Account the Land Use and Fractional Vegetation Cover by Multi-Source Remote Sensing by Rencai Lin, Xiaohua Xu, Xiuping Zhang, Zhenning Hu, Guobin Wang, Yanping Shi, Xinyu Zhao, Honghui Sang

“…The results are as follows: (1) Compared with vertical–horizontal (VH) polarization, vertical–vertical (VV) polarization is more sensitive to soil backscattering (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>soil</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>). …”
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