Natural sea water and artificial sea water are not equivalent in plastic leachate contamination studies [version 3; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations] by Eva Jimenez-Guri, Maria Ina Arnone, Clemens Vinzenz Ullmann

“…Background Plastic contamination is one of the concerns of our age. …”
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Analysis of Tumor and Tumor-Like Entities Tested on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination From 2012 to 2023 by Sean Kelly, MD, Braden Goldberg, MD, Eli Bryk, MD, FAAOS, FAOA, FACS, Vincent Vigorita, MD

“…Background:. The Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) is used by orthopaedic residency training programs to evaluate the knowledge base of orthopaedic surgery trainees and to predict future performance on the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) certifying exams. …”
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Mediation Analysis of Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 20 and Poor Prognosis After Ischemic Stroke by Keyang Chen, Wenting Huang, Beilei Hu, Fangwang Fu, Yungang Cao, Huiqin Xu, Lixin Ruan, Yongang Li, Yan Li, Jun Chen, Fei Liang, Xue Wang, Xudong Du, Li Lin, Xiaokun Li

“…FGF20 levels were measured using the ELISA method. The primary outcome was poor stroke functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6), and secondary outcomes included death and composite vascular events. …”
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Home-Based Intervention Tool for Cardiac Telerehabilitation: Protocol for a Controlled Trial by Francesca Mastorci, Maria Francesca Lodovica Lazzeri, Lamia Ait-Ali, Paolo Marcheschi, Paola Quadrelli, Massimiliano Mariani, Rafik Margaryan, Wanda Pennè, Marco Savino, Giuseppe Prencipe, Alina Sirbu, Paolo Ferragina, Corrado Priami, Alessandro Tommasi, Cesare Zavattari, Pierluigi Festa, Stefano Dalmiani, Alessandro Pingitore

“… BackgroundAmong cardiovascular diseases, adult patients with congenital heart disease represent a population that has been continuously increasing, which is mainly due to improvement of the pathophysiological framing, including the development of surgical and reanimation techniques. …”
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Mammographic density and ageing: A collaborative pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries worldwide. by Anya Burton, Gertraud Maskarinec, Beatriz Perez-Gomez, Celine Vachon, Hui Miao, Martín Lajous, Ruy López-Ridaura, Megan Rice, Ana Pereira, Maria Luisa Garmendia, Rulla M Tamimi, Kimberly Bertrand, Ava Kwong, Giske Ursin, Eunjung Lee, Samera A Qureshi, Huiyan Ma, Sarah Vinnicombe, Sue Moss, Steve Allen, Rose Ndumia, Sudhir Vinayak, Soo-Hwang Teo, Shivaani Mariapun, Farhana Fadzli, Beata Peplonska, Agnieszka Bukowska, Chisato Nagata, Jennifer Stone, John Hopper, Graham Giles, Vahit Ozmen, Mustafa Erkin Aribal, Joachim Schüz, Carla H Van Gils, Johanna O P Wanders, Reza Sirous, Mehri Sirous, John Hipwell, Jisun Kim, Jong Won Lee, Caroline Dickens, Mikael Hartman, Kee-Seng Chia, Christopher Scott, Anna M Chiarelli, Linda Linton, Marina Pollan, Anath Arzee Flugelman, Dorria Salem, Rasha Kamal, Norman Boyd, Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva, Valerie McCormack

“…<h4>Background</h4>Mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest breast cancer risk factors. …”
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Effect of Self-reported Physical Activity on Glycaemia and Blood Pressure in Healthy Participants from Bissau: A Cross-sectional Study by Lilica Sanca, Cipriano Có, Nelson Namara, Aladje Lopes, Albino Emanuel, Bárbara Oliveiros, Stine Byberg, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Eugénia Carvalho, Alain Massart, Ana Teixeira

“…Abstract Background Recent data show a dramatic increase in non-communicable diseases in developing countries, including cardiovascular disease, obesity and diabetes. …”
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Behavioral determinants of dental and facial esthetic self-perception among an academic population: a cross-sectional study by Ana Cristina Mafla, Mauricio Herrera-López, Juliana Estefanía Salas-Burbano, Camilo Andrés Guerrero-Dávila, Diana Paola Insuasty-Fuertes, Juan Sebastián Bustos-López, Falk Schwendicke

“…Abstract Background Facial attractiveness is a relevant feature in many societies, and self-perceived attraction has been shown to affect a wide range of aspects in human lives, including quality of life. …”
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Ultrasound Evaluation of Therapeutic Response to Tofacitinib and Upadacitinib in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis—Real-Life Clinical Data by Vladimira Boyadzhieva, Konstantin Tachkov, Soner Emin, Zhaklin Apostolova, Rumen Stoilov, Guenka Petrova, Nikolay Stoilov

“…<b>Background</b>: In recent years, musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) has established itself as a reliable method for evaluating disease activity in combination with clinical examination and laboratory tests. …”
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The Application of S-Substituted Pteridine for CCl₄-Induced Acute Hepatitis Treatment in Rats by Natalia Lohvinenko, Volodymyr Shvets, Oleksii Antypenko, Oleksii Voskoboinik, Andrii Bozhkov, Hanna Maslak, Valentyn Oksenych, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi, Sergiy Okovytyy, Serhii Kovalenko

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Vision-related Quality of Life (VRQOL) and its determinants among the Elderly in rural blocks of Haryana, India by Mona Duggal, Ankita Kankaria, Latika Rohilla, Harashish Jindal, Limalemla Jamir, Parul Chawla Gupta, Debarati Sarkar, Vaibhav Miglani, Akash Kumar, Drishti Sharma, Neha Dahiya, Siddhartha Sharma, Sandeep Grover

“…Background: Vision related quality of life (VRQOL) measures one's satisfaction with their visual ability to perform daily activities. …”
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Parental and Demographic Predictors of Engagement in an mHealth Intervention: Observational Study From the Let’s Grow Trial by Johanna Sandborg, Brittany Reese Markides, Savannah Simmons, Katherine L Downing, Jan M Nicholson, Liliana Orellana, Harriet Koorts, Valerie Carson, Jo Salmon, Kylie D Hesketh

“… BackgroundParents are integral in shaping early childhood health behaviors, and mobile health (mHealth) interventions offer an accessible method of supporting them in this role. …”
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Indicators and Dimensions of Clients’ Satisfaction With Veterinary Services Delivery Performance in a Companion Animal Hospital in Accra, Ghana by Paa Kobina Turkson, Celine Naa Dede Coppson, Anthony Joe Turkson

“…Objectives The aims were to determine if correlations existed between dimensions of service quality (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy) and client satisfaction, find out which of 15 selected indicators of service delivery performance were significantly associated with client satisfaction and serve as predictors for satisfaction and determine client satisfaction indices for services rendered at a companion animal hospital. Methods A questionnaire, covering background information and indicators and dimensions of satisfaction, was administered to 208 respondents. …”
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Variants of the Coagulation and Inflammation Genes Are Replicably Associated with Myocardial Infarction and Epistatically Interact in Russians. by Rosa M Barsova, Dmitrijs Lvovs, Boris V Titov, Natalia A Matveeva, Roman M Shakhnovich, Tatiana S Sukhinina, Nino G Kukava, Mikhail Ya Ruda, Irina M Karamova, Timur R Nasibullin, Olga E Mustafina, German J Osmak, Ekaterina Yu Tsareva, Olga G Kulakova, Alexander V Favorov, Olga O Favorova

“…<h4>Background</h4>In spite of progress in cardiovascular genetics, data on genetic background of myocardial infarction are still limited and contradictory. …”
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Comparison of total event analysis and first event analysis in relation to heterogeneity in cardiovascular trials by Shun-Fu Lee, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Hertzel C. Gerstein, William F. McIntyre, John Eikelboom, Martin J. O’Donnell, Yueci Zhou, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Lehana Thabane

“…Abstract Background In cardiovascular (CV) trials, analyzing the total number of events, rather than just time-to-first event, enhances understanding of participants' health. …”
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Problematic Digital Technology Use Measures in Children Aged 0 to 6 Years: Scoping Review by Špela Selak, Janja Horvat, Mark Žmavc

“…Looking at their conceptual background and psychometric properties, existing composite measures fall short of reliably assessing all the crucial aspects of problematic digital technology use in early childhood. …”
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County Incarceration Rate and Stroke Death: A Cross‐Sectional Study of the Influence of Physical Environment, Health Care Access, and Community Mental Distress by Anders Larrabee Sonderlund, Emily A. Wang, Natasha J. Williams, Carol R. Horowitz, Antoinette Schoenthaler, Louisa W. Holaday

“…We examine the link between county imprisonment rates and stroke death, testing pathways and identifying racial disparities. Methods In a cross‐sectional design, we regressed stroke death onto imprisonment rates, adjusting for poverty, racial composition, education, unemployment, insurance, and violent crime. …”
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The Effect of Initial Orthodontic Therapy with Clear Aligners and Fixed Appliances on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Parameters by Megan Haug, Andrew Hopkins, Emily Duong, Kim-Sa Kelly, Julia Esfandi, Bhumika Shokeen, Tingxi Wu, Renate Lux

“…Background Orthodontic appliances hinder proper oral hygiene, leading to plaque retention and biofilm formation which can cause dental diseases. …”
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Single-cell spatial transcriptomics unravels cell states and ecosystems associated with clinical response to immunotherapy by Sjoerd H van der Burg, Ziena Abdulrahman, Mariette I E van Poelgeest, Roderick C Slieker, Marij J P Welters, Daniel McGuire

“…Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that is known to influence responses to immunotherapy. …”
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Impact of variations in airborne microbiota on pneumonia infection: An exploratory study by Li Zhou, Chenchen Song, Lianlian Zhao, Zhi Guo, Yuhan Lei, Yunlin Han, Kai Gao, Yanfeng Xu, Zhiguang Xiang, Baicun Li, Jianguo Guo

“…Methods: Five different ratios of bacterial community structures were randomly generated. …”
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Maternal asthma and newborn DNA methylation by Casper-Emil Tingskov Pedersen, Thanh T. Hoang, Jianping Jin, Anna Starnawska, Raquel Granell, Hannah R. Elliott, Anke Huels, Heather J. Zar, Dan J. Stein, Yining Zhang, Herman T. den Dekker, Liesbeth Duijts, Janine F. Felix, Júlia Sangüesa, Mariona Bustamante, Maribel Casas, Martine Vrijheid, Latha Kadalayil, Faisal I. Rezwan, Hasan Arshad, John W. Holloway, Stefan Röder, Ana C. Zenclussen, Gunda Herberth, Nicklas Heine Staunstrup, Henriette Thisted Horsdal, Jonathan Mill, Eilis Hannon, iPSYCH-MINERvA Group, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Giancarlo Pesce, Nour Baïz, Barbara Heude, Sahra Hosseinian-Mohazzab, Carrie V. Breton, Sophia Harlid, Justin Harbs, Magnus Domellof, Christina West, Edwina Yeung, Xuehuo Zeng, Wenche Nystad, Siri E. Håberg, Maria C. Magnus, Diana Schendel, Stephanie J. London, Klaus Bønnelykke

“…Abstract Background Prenatal exposure to maternal asthma may influence DNA methylation patterns in offspring, potentially affecting their susceptibility to later diseases including asthma. …”
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