Can the Novel Photon-Counting CT Scan Accurately Predict Aortic Wall Thickness? Preliminary Results by Alessandra Sala, Carlo de Vincentiis, Francesco Grimaldi, Barbara Rubino, Manuela Cirami, Noemi Perillo, Renato Vitale, Rosanna Cardani, Sara Boveri, Michele Conti, Pietro Spagnolo

“…Background: Surgical indication of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAA) is generally performed in prevention. …”
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Intestinal Fut2 deficiency exacerbated alcohol‐related liver disease by disrupting nicotinamide metabolism by Liuying Chen, Zhongwei Yin, Luorui Shang, Hang Yuan, Wenkang Gao, Shuhan Wang, Shuyan Wang, Xiaohua Hou, Shenglan Yang, Huikuan Chu

“…Nevertheless, its precise involvement in alcohol‐associated liver disease has yet to be fully elucidated. Methods We generated mice with intestinal epithelial cell‐specific Fut2 knockout (Fut2△IEC) and established a chronic‐binge alcohol model. 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis were used to reveal differences in the composition and function of faecal bacteria. …”
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Erythropoietin delivery through kidney organoids engineered with an episomal DNA vector by Z. Du, A. Bas-Cristóbal Menéndez, M. Urban, A. Hartley, D. Ratsma, M. Koedam, T. P.P. van den Bosch, M. Clahsen-van Groningen, J. Gribnau, J. Mulder, M. E.J. Reinders, C. C. Baan, B. van der Eerden, R. P. Harbottle, Martin J. Hoogduijn

“…Abstract Background The kidney’s endocrine function is essential for maintaining body homeostasis. …”
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Diagnostic potential of salivary microbiota in persistent pulmonary nodules: identifying biomarkers and functional pathways using 16S rRNA sequencing and machine learning by Xiao Zeng, Qiong Ma, Chun-Xia Huang, Jun-Jie Xiao, Xi Fu, Yi-Feng Ren, Yu-Li Qu, Hong-Xia Xiang, Mao Lei, Ru-Yi Zheng, Yang Zhong, Ping Xiao, Xiang Zhuang, Feng-Ming You, Jia-Wei He

“…Materials and methods This study included a total of 483 participants (141 healthy controls and 342 patients with pPNs) from June 2022 and January 2024. …”
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Elongation of Long‐Chain Fatty Acid Family Member 6 (Elovl6)‐Driven Fatty Acid Metabolism Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Through AMP‐Activated Protein Kinase/Krüpp... by Hiroaki Sunaga, Hiroki Matsui, Saki Anjo, Mas Risky A. A. Syamsunarno, Norimichi Koitabashi, Tatsuya Iso, Takashi Matsuzaka, Hitoshi Shimano, Tomoyuki Yokoyama, Masahiko Kurabayashi

“…Background Fatty acids constitute the critical components of cell structure and function, and dysregulation of fatty acid composition may exert diverging vascular effects including proliferation, migration, and differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). …”
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Gut microbiota-derived glutathione from metformin treatment alleviates intestinal ferroptosis induced by ischemia/reperfusion by Fangyan Wang, Xinyu Wang, Chaoyi Wang, Wangxin Yan, Junpeng Xu, Zhengyang Song, Mingli Su, Jingjing Zeng, Qiannian Han, Gaoyi Ruan, Eryao Zhang, Wantie Wang

“…Abstract Background Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a life-threatening condition caused by multiple organ and system failures induced by dysbiosis and gut leakage. …”
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Capsaicin as a Microbiome Modulator: Metabolic Interactions and Implications for Host Health by Iván Artemio Corral-Guerrero, Angela Elena Martínez-Medina, Litzy Yazmin Alvarado-Mata, Ana Cristina Figueroa Chávez, Roberto Muñoz-García, Miriam Paulina Luévanos-Escareño, Jazel Doménica Sosa-Martínez, María José Castro-Alonso, Padma Nimmakayala, Umesh K. Reddy, Nagamani Balagurusamy

“…<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Capsaicin is the principal pungent compound in chili peppers and is increasingly recognized as a multifunctional phytochemical with systemic effects beyond its sensory properties. …”
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Modulating IL-21-driven B cell responses in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies via inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway by Ana Merino-Vico, Merve Kocyigit, Giulia Frazzei, Lisa Landman, Louis Boon, Ester M. van Leeuwen, Ingrid E. Lundberg, Anneke J. van der Kooi, Joost Raaphorst, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Sander W. Tas

“…Abstract Background Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are autoimmune disorders characterized by muscle inflammation and autoreactive B cell responses. …”
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Immunogenic Activity of Secreted Protein-Based Compounds Staphylococcus aureus № 6 by I. M. Gruber, E. A. Astashkina, O. V. Lebedinskaya, N. B. Egorova, M. V. Kiselevsky, F. V. Donenko, N. E. Yastrebova, O. M. Ignatova, E. A. Kurbatova, L. S. Cherkasova

“…Difficulties in the therapy of infection, caused by S. aureus, depends on the resistance of staphylococci to antibiotics, proceeding to chronicity of the diseases and the development on that background the depression of innate immunity functions and decreasing of the host resistance to the infection. …”
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Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Japanese Female Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria-Associated Lung Disease: An Observational Study by Kanako Kono, Yutaka Kozu, Shun Yokota, Kouta Hatayama, Kenji Mizumura, Shuichiro Maruoka, Hiroaki Masuyama, Yasuhiro Gon

“…We aimed to investigate the association between NTM-PD and gut microbiota and determine the impact of antimicrobial therapy on the composition of the gut microbiota. <b>Methods:</b> We analyzed the gut microbiota of 20 Japanese females with NTM-PD (mean age: 67.9 years; range: 50–80 years) at different treatment stages—before, during, and at recurrence—alongside 20 healthy individuals, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. …”
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Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 33H: a novel serotype with frameshift mutations in the acetyltransferase gene wciG by Sam Manna, Belinda D. Ortika, Joel P. Werren, Casey L. Pell, Ilche Gjuroski, Stephanie W. Lo, Jason Hinds, Odgerel Tundev, Eileen M. Dunne, Bradford D. Gessner, Fiona M. Russell, E. Kim Mulholland, Tuya Mungun, Claire von Mollendorf, Stephen D. Bentley, Markus Hilty, Neil Ravenscroft, Catherine Satzke

“…Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia. …”
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Depression as a risk factor for osteoporosis independent of sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients: findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study by Xiaohua Hu, Xianwu Ye, Haimin Chen, Bibo Wu, Qi Guo, Chen Yu, Wei Ding, Jianying Niu, Junli Zhao, Hualin Qi, Suhua Zhang, Cheng Xue, Liming Zhang

“…Abstract Background Osteoporosis and sarcopenia frequently occur in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD), and depression is also a common mental health issue in this population. …”
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PM2.5 exposure reprograms cell cycle dynamics in uterine immune cells at single-cell resolution by Lin Zhang, Lin Zhang, Lin Zhang, Jiaqi Tian, Jiaqi Tian, Jiaqi Tian, Yongfei Zheng, Shuyin Duan

“…BackgroundFine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been associated with adverse effects on reproduction, yet the underlying cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood.MethodsUsing single-cell RNA sequencing, we systematically investigated cell cycle dynamics of immune cell populations in the mouse uterus following PM2.5 exposure. …”
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Changes in Cytokines and Fibrotic Growth Factors after Low-Carbohydrate or Low-Fat Low-Energy Diets in Females with Lipedema by Julianne Lundanes, Vilde Fiske Nes, Oda Aakervik, Liv Ryan, Patrik Hansson, Anne Mari Rokstad, Catia Martins, Siren Nymo

“…Background: Lipedema is considered an inflammation-related disease, and low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets may help reduce inflammation. …”
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<i>Cystoseira spinosa</i> Polysaccharide: A Promising Natural Source for Antioxidant, Pro-Angiogenic, and Wound Healing Applications: In Silico Study by Mouhamed Ayad Berfad, Intissar Kammoun, Marwa Lakhrem, Zakaria Boujhoud, Malek Eleroui, Manel Mellouli, Saadia Makni, Majed Kammoun, Riadh Badraoui, Jean Marc Pujo, Hatem Kallel, Ibtissem Ben Amara

“…Collected off the coast of Alkhoms, Libya, PCS was investigated for its wound-healing and pro-angiogenic properties, addressing the need for natural bioactive compounds in therapeutic applications. <b>Methods:</b> The monosaccharide composition of PCS was analyzed using HPLC-RID, identifying glucuronic acid and xylose as major components. …”
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Microbiome multi-omics analysis reveals novel biomarkers and mechanisms linked with CD etiopathology by Gerard Serrano-Gómez, Francisca Yañez, Zaida Soler, Marc Pons-Tarin, Luis Mayorga, Claudia Herrera-deGuise, Natalia Borruel, Antonio Rodriguez-Sinovas, Marta Consegal, Isaac Manjón, Sara Vega-Abellaneda, Chaysavanh Manichanh

“…Abstract Background The gut microbiome plays a key role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as imbalances in microbial composition are associated with immune dysfunction. …”
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Probiotic supplementation modifies the gut microbiota profile of very low birth weight preterm infants during hospitalization by Hung-Yang Chang, Chia-Ying Lin, Jen-Shiu Chiang Chiau, Jui-Hsing Chang, Chyong-Hsin Hsu, Mary Hsin-Ju Ko, Hung-Chang Lee

“…Background: Probiotic supplementation is increasingly being given to very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. …”
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Investigating the potential immunomodulatory effects of commercial oral probiotic supplements on equine gastrointestinal tract barrier function by Agnieszka Żak-Bochenek, Paulina Żebrowska-Różańska, Joanna Bajzert, Łukasz Łaczmański, Bogumiła Szponar, Natalia Siwińska, Klaudia Gładysz, Katarzyna Sikorska, Anna Chełmońska-Soyta

“…BackgroundOral probiotic dietary supplements are widely used in veterinary medicine, including in horses. …”
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Citrus flavonoid supplement enhances glycemic and metabolic control in prediabetic patients on metformin: a randomized controlled trial by Thais Cesar, Maria Rita Oliveira, Valeria Sandrim, Adriana Mendes, Ricardo Bruder, Rogerio Oliveira, Katia Sivieri, Katia Sivieri, Dragan Milenkovic

“…Background and objectiveCombining natural compounds with conventional drugs is an emerging strategy to improve the management of type 2 diabetes and its precursor, prediabetes. …”
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Metabolic Reprogramming in Gut Microbiota Exposed to Polystyrene Microplastics by Jinhua Chi, Jeffrey S. Patterson, Yan Jin, Kyle Joohyung Kim, Nicole Lalime, Daniella Hawley, Freeman Lewis, Lingjun Li, Xuan Wang, Matthew J. Campen, Julia Yue Cui, Haiwei Gu

“…<b>Background</b>: Microplastics (MPs) are small plastic fragments with diameters less than 5 mm in size and are prevalent in everyday essentials and consumables. …”
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