Replacing Backpropagation with the Forward-Forward (FF) Algorithm in Transformer Models: A Theoretical and Empirical Study on Scalable and Efficient Gradient-Free Training by Hyun Jung Kim, Sang Hyun Yoo

“…Motivated by the computational limitations of BP-such as high memory usage and gradient instability-we aim to examine whether FF can maintain comparable model performance while improving training efficiency. We present both theoretical justifications and empirical evaluations on the IMDB sentiment analysis dataset. …”
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Evaluating the effectiveness of using the intelligent adaptive training system for design modules based on printed circuit boards by K. K. Hoang, Yu. V. Donetskaya

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A simplified approach for efficiency analysis of machine learning algorithms by Muthuramalingam Sivakumar, Sudhaman Parthasarathy, Thiyagarajan Padmapriya

“…This article presents a comprehensive framework for evaluating ML algorithm efficiency by incorporating metrics, such as training time, prediction time, memory usage, and computational resource utilization. …”
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Random Algorithm and Skill Evaluation System Based on the Combing of Construction Mechanism of Higher Vocational Professional Group by Wei Jia

“…Based on this, this paper studies the study of stochastic algorithm and skill evaluation system based on the combing of the construction mechanism of higher vocational professional clusters and builds a higher vocational skill evaluation system based on a simple analysis of the skill evaluation system and related evaluation algorithms in higher vocational institutions. …”
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ATO Controller Research Based on Predictive Fuzzy Control Algorithm by LIU Jiazheng, XU Juan

“…With the rapid development of railway transportation in recent years, the demand of high efficiency and high density train operation is increasing. It is necessary to study more effective control algorithm in ATO system. …”
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Evaluating the generalizability of an automated coronary artery calcium segmentation and scoring algorithm using multi-vendor dataset by Doyoung Park, Jedidiah Ng, Yixin Zhong, Chun Sheng Alvin Tan, Xiaomeng Wang, Gillianne Geet Yi Lai, Liang Zhong, Su Kai Gideon Ooi, Daniel Shao Weng Tan, Lohendran Baskaran

“…We created four groups of datasets, using data from the three scanners as the training and validation sets, while the last one as the test set to evaluate the algorithm on data from previously unseen scanners. …”
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Evaluating InferVision's Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) algorithm for Tuberculosis (TB) screening, Lusaka, Zambia. by Paul Somwe, Minyoi Maimbolwa, Kanema Chiyenu, Mwansa Lumpa, Mary Kagujje, Monde Muyoyeta

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Flood risk mapping and performance efficiency evaluation of machine learning algorithms: Best practice in northern Iran by M. Shirmohammadi, M. Shirmohammadi, S. Pirasteh, W. Li, D. Mafi-Gholami

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MPFM-VC: A Voice Conversion Algorithm Based on Multi-Dimensional Perception Flow Matching by Yanze Wang, Xuming Han, Shuai Lv, Ting Zhou, Yali Chu

“…In this study, we propose a voice conversion algorithm, Multi-Dimensional Perception Flow Matching (MPFM-VC). …”
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Exploring the effect of training set size and number of categories on ice crystal classification through a contrastive semi-supervised learning algorithm by Y. Chu, Y. Chu, H. Zhang, X. Li, J. Henneberger

“…To determine the minimum number of ice crystal images that require human labeling while maintaining the algorithm performance, the algorithm is trained and evaluated on datasets with varying sizes and numbers of categories. …”
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Evaluating and mapping spatial drought in northeast Thailand: utilizing analytic hierarchy process and random forest algorithms by Zahid Naeem Qaisrani, Jaturong Som-ard, Savittri Ratanopad Suwanlee, Surasak Keawsomsee, Nudthawud Homtong, Sarawut Ninsawat, Asadullah, Ali Nawaz Mengal

“…Drought is a recurring and costly natural disaster that affects all climate zones, posing significant challenges to agriculture and livestock. This study evaluates drought vulnerabilities in Northeast Thailand using geospatial datasets and analysis combined with a random forest (RF) approach. …”
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Methods of evaluation the quality of teaching in higher education institutions by Irina V. Barannikova, Elena N. Shaforostova

“…The method of quality assessment and the results of the study, based on the proposed pyramid model of quality assessment with the details of the components, included in its composition, and the designation of their values for evaluation are considered in the paper. A method of assessing the quality of education at universities, based on the criteria of quality of education, the method of expert evaluation, formalization and algorithmization of the process is proposed. …”
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Research on adaptive parking planning of heavy-haul trains on Shenmu-Shuozhou railway by HE Jia, YUAN Peng

“…This paper presents an algorithm designed to address the safety and precision-oriented parking planning requirements for heavy-haul trains on the Shenmu-Shuozhou railway. …”
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Research on structural vertical stiffness evaluation of track-specific suspension bridge under the action of the no-load first train by Xiaogang Li, Sihan Cen, Peng Ding, Xiaohu Chen, Xiangsheng Huang, Haoran Luo

“…Aiming at the problem of achieving fast, accurate, and intelligent evaluation of bridges under the coupling action of trains and temperatures, this paper proposes a method for evaluating the structural vertical stiffness of track-specific suspension bridges under the action of the no-load first train. …”
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Evaluation of Photoplethysmography-Based Monitoring of Respiration Rate During High-Intensity Interval Training: Implications for Healthcare Monitoring by Marjolein Muller, Kambiz Ebrahimkheil, Tara Vijgeboom, Casper van Eijck, Eelko Ronner

“…This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of photoplethysmography (PPG)-based monitoring of RR during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and its potential applications in healthcare. …”
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Automated Dance Scoring Algorithm Using Alignment and Least Square Approximation with Fractional Power of Joint Features by Chen-Jhen Fan, Han-Hui Jeng, Bing-Ze Li, Jian-Jiun Ding

“…Automated motion evaluation has become popular in exercise training and entertainment. …”
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A Systematic Analysis of Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms in Tumor Classification by Ahmed Al-Ashoor, Ferenc Lilik, Szilvia Nagy

“…Key methods in the field demonstrate significant impact and innovation. Commonly used training and testing mechanisms include dataset splitting, augmentation, and validation techniques, highlighting their widespread adoption for performance evaluation. …”
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Research on Operation Curve Planning Technology Adaptive to Undulating Tracks for Heavy-Haul Trains by JIANG Jie, ZHANG Zhengfang, LUO Yuan, ZHOU Huangbiao, XIONG Jiayuan

“…In order to explore an optimal control strategy for heavy-haul trains running on undulating tracks, this paper proposes a curve planning algorithm based on the ant colony algorithm for sectional operation. …”
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Physical fitness characteristics and comprehensive physical fitness evaluation model of basketball players based on association rule algorithm. by Yongkang Ding

“…This paper explores the physical characteristics of basketball players, aiming to improve training effects through unique physical evaluation indicators and provide a theoretical framework for improving college basketball performance and training standards. …”
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Low-cost fabrication and comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms for flexible PDMS-based hexagonal patch antenna by Srivatsan Sarvesan, Mettu Goutham Reddy, S. S. Karthikeyan, Praveen K. Sekhar

“…To accelerate the design process and determine the most effective model for predicting optimal geometrical parameters that yield improved impedance matching at the target frequency, four supervised machine learning algorithms including Random Forest, XGBoost, CatBoost and LightGBM were evaluated and compared. …”
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