The origin, evolution, and translocation of sex chromosomes in Silurus catfish mediated by transposons by Shuqing Zheng, Hongyan Tao, Yuheng Song, Mao Li, Haowen Yang, Jianzhen Li, Hongwei Yan, Bakhtiyor Sheraliev, Wenjing Tao, Zuogang Peng, Yaoguang Zhang, Deshou Wang

“…Conclusions Our results on the dynamic evolutionary trajectory of SD gene amhr2y, MSYs, and SCs in Silurus catfish indicated the variability and diversity of fish SCs and confirmed that frequent turnover is an important way to maintain the homology and low differentiation of fish SCs.…”
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Future Proofing Study: a cluster randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a universal school-based cognitive–behavioural programme for adolescent depression by Maree Teesson, Helen Christensen, Svetha Venkatesh, Aliza Werner-Seidler, Lara Johnston, Bridianne O’Dea, Michelle Torok, Katharine Steinbeck, Raghu Lingam, Andrew Mackinnon, Yael Perry, Kit Huckvale, Joanne R Beames, Alison L Calear, Kate Maston, Philip J Batterham, Ju Lee Oei, Mark E Larsen, Jennifer L Hudson, Lyndsay Brown, Hiroko Fujimoto, Alexandra Batholomew, Debopriyo Bal, Susan Rachel Skinner, Katherine M Boydell, Susanne Schweizer

“…Many schools did not provide in-class time for intervention completion, and engagement was low (22% completion rate).Conclusions Scaled delivery of a digital cognitive–behavioural programme did not reduce symptoms of depression, relative to a control group.Clinical implications Given the variability in the engagement with and delivery of the digital universal cognitive–behavioural programme, caution is required prior to scaled delivery of SPARX in school contexts.Trial registration number ACTRN12619000855123.…”
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Sources of uncertainty in DNA metabarcoding of whole communities: Implications for its use in biomonitoring by J. Iwan Jones, Amanda Arnold, Dominik Buchner, John F. Murphy, Jasmine N. Childress, Pedro Beja, Florian Altermatt, Kristian Meissner, Ian Adams, Meri Anderson, Yaisel J. Borrell, Andrew G. Briscoe, Kat Bruce, Cátia Chaves, Chris Conyers, Kristy Deiner, Vasco Elbrecht, Álvaro Fueyo, Tim Goodall, Javier Granero‐Castro, Cristina Hartmann‐Fatu, Eleanor Jones, Elvira Mächler, Filipa M. S. Martins, Sam McGreig, Lyndall Pereira‐da‐Conceicoa, James L. Pretty, Daniel S. Read, Ben Price, Florian Leese, Rosetta C. Blackman

“…Our findings highlight sources of uncertainty influencing DNA‐based methods and, particularly, the variability of results generated from individual laboratories. …”
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Molecular and seasonal characteristics of organic vapors in urban Beijing: insights from Vocus-PTR measurements by Z. An, Z. An, R. Yin, X. Zhao, X. Li, Y. Li, Y. Yuan, J. Guo, Y. Zhao, X. Li, D. Li, Y. Li, D. Wang, C. Yan, K. He, D. R. Worsnop, D. R. Worsnop, F. N. Keutsch, J. Jiang

“…However, the molecular and seasonal characteristics of organic vapors in urban areas, with complex anthropogenic emissions and high variability, remain inadequately understood. In this study, we conducted measurements in urban Beijing during 2021–2022, covering four seasons, using improved proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (Vocus-PTR-MS). …”
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Effects of 12 Weeks of Interval Block Resistance Training Versus Circuit Resistance Training on Body Composition, Performance, and Autonomic Recovery in Adults: Randomized Controll... by Héctor Fuentes-Barría, Raúl Aguilera-Eguía, Juan Maureira-Sánchez, Miguel Alarcón-Rivera, Victor Garrido-Osorio, Olga Patrica López-Soto, Juan Alberto Aristizábal-Hoyos, Lissé Angarita-Davila, Diana Rojas-Gómez, Valmore Bermudez, Cherie Flores-Fernández, Ángel Roco-Videla, Jorge Enrique González-Casanova, Sebastian Urbano-Cerda, Dan Iulian Alexe

“…Assessments included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, right-hand grip strength, the running anaerobic sprint test (RAST), the 6 min walk test (6 MWT), and heart rate variability (HRV) indices: low-frequency to high-frequency ratio (LF/HF) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD, a time-domain HRV metric reflecting parasympathetic activity). …”
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Evaluation of race-free eGFR equations in individuals of different ethnicity by De-Wei An, Gontse G. Mokwatsi, Dong-Yan Zhang, Dries S. Martens, Yu-Ling Yu, Babangida S. Chori, Augustine N. Odili, Ruan Kruger, Lebo F. Gafane-Matemane, Justyna Siwy, Agnieszka Latosinska, Harald Mischak, Catharina MC Mels, Aletta E. Schutte, Jean-René M’Buyamba-Kabangu, Tim S. Nawrot, Yan Li, Jan A. Staessen

“…However, large intraindividual variability between eGFR estimates may lead to KDIGO eGFR stage misclassification and calls for caution in the opportunistic or systematic screening for CKD in asymptomatic individuals with prevention as objective.…”
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Carbohydrate ingestion induces differential autonomic dysregulation in normal-tension glaucoma and primary open angle glaucoma. by Lei Cao, Stuart L Graham, Paul M Pilowsky

“…Continuous finger arterial pressure and ECG was recorded in supine and standing positions before and after carbohydrate ingestion. Low frequency (LF, 0.04-0.15Hz) and high frequency (HF, 0.15-0.4Hz) spectral power of heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability (HRV and SBPV) were calculated to estimate sympathovagal function. …”
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Diet-gut microbiome interaction and its impact on host blood glucose homeostasis: a series of nutritional n-of-1 trialsResearch in context by Yuanqing Fu, Wanglong Gou, Haili Zhong, Yunyi Tian, Hui Zhao, Xinxiu Liang, Menglei Shuai, Lai-Bao Zhuo, Zengliang Jiang, Jun Tang, Jose M. Ordovas, Yu-ming Chen, Ju-Sheng Zheng

“…Summary: Background: The interplay between diet and gut microbiome substantially influences host metabolism, but uncertainties remain regarding their relationships tailored for each subject given the huge inter-individual variability. Here we aim to investigate diet-gut microbiome interaction at single-subject resolution and explore its effects on blood glucose homeostasis. …”
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Estimating the Population Size of People Who Inject Drugs in 3 Cities in Zambia: Capture-Recapture, Successive Sampling, and Bayesian Consensus Estimation Methods by Lauren Parmley, Giles Reid, Joyce J Neal, Brave Hanunka, Leigh Tally, Lophina Chilukutu, Tepa Nkumbula, Chipili Mulemfwe, Lazarous Chelu, Ray Handema, John Mwale, Kennedy Mutale, Lloyd Mulenga, Anne F McIntyre, Neena M Philip, Hannah Chung, Maria Lahuerta

“…Consensus estimates were highest in Lusaka (3700, 95% credible interval [CRI] 1500‐7500), followed by Ndola (2200, 95% CRI 1600‐2900) and Livingstone (1200, 95% CRI 900‐1,900). There was variability in estimates by method, with SS-PSE with imputed visibility generally providing the lowest estimates across cities, excluding Lusaka. …”
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Hazard and Lag Effect of Compound Heat-Drought Events in Southeastern Coastal China under Climate Change Scenarios by An Aohua, Chen Jie, Gao Guoping

“…Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, the combined hazard indexes exceed 0.6 in southeastern Fujian, eastern Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghai, with some areas having indexes as high as 0.9. Spatial variability was shaped by factors such as distance from the coastline, availability of water resources, land use patterns, and human activities. …”
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Disparities in Postoperative Pain Management: A Scoping Review of Prescription Practices and Social Determinants of Health by Aidan Snell, Diana Lobaina, Sebastian Densley, Elijah Moothedan, Julianne Baker, Lama Al Abdul Razzak, Alexandra Garcia, Shane Skibba, Ayden Dunn, Tiffany Follin, Maria Mejia, Panagiota Kitsantas, Lea Sacca

“…<b>Background</b>: Opioid analgesic therapy has been traditionally used for pain management; however, the variability in patient characteristics, complexity in evaluating pain, availability of treatment within facilities, and U.S. physicians overprescribing opioids have contributed to the current opioid epidemic. …”
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Factors Affecting Vancomycin Trough Concentration; a Population Pharmacokinetic Model in Non-Critical Care Saudi Patients by Alqurain AA, Alrashidi LN, Aloraifej SK, Alkhalifah M, Alsayed HA, Abohelaika S, Alshabeeb MA, Aldhafeeri AS, Almuslim M, Bumozah TN, Alomar MJ, Alshehab AA, Alamer AA, Al-Matouq J, Bidasee KR, Alomar FA

“…CrCl and CRP were the only covariates included in the final model, as they reduced the between-subject variability (BSV) for clearance (from 173% to 81%). …”
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Industrial multi-machine data aggregation, AI-ready data preparation, and machine learning for virtual metrology in semiconductor wafer and slider production by Feiyang Ou, Julius Suherman, Chao Zhang, Henrik Wang, Sthitie Bom, James F. Davis, Panagiotis D. Christofides

“…Advanced machine learning techniques are used to tackle the modeling challenges of a low failure rate and limited operational variability. …”
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Respiratory syncytial virus-attributable hospitalizations among adults in high- and middle-income countries: application of the Global Burden of Disease frameworkResearch in contex... by Katrin Burkart, Caihua Liang, Quinn Rafferty, Catherine W. Gillespie, Susan McLaughlin, Andrei Oros, Jam Suba, Duilia Bruno, Marion Fahey, Ana G. Grajales, Mariana Haeberer, Caroline Lade, Asuka Yoshida, Bradford D. Gessner, Elizabeth Begier

“…Summary: Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in adults is typically underdiagnosed due to non-specific symptoms, infrequent routine testing, and low-test sensitivity; consequently, its impact is not well understood. …”
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Multi-locus genome-wide association mapping for major agronomic and yield-related traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench) landraces by Addisu Getahun, Admas Alemu, Habte Nida, Adugna Abdi Woldesemayat

“…Result Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant associations among most traits, with p-values less than 0.0001, except for grain yield per plant which showed lower correlations with other traits. Genetic variability analysis indicated that days to flowering exhibited high heritability (0.7) and genetic advance (19.6%) as percent of mean, suggesting strong genetic control, while grain yield displayed extremely low h2 (0.003). …”
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Network Meta-Analysis of Factors Influencing the Carbon Sink Capacity of Urban Park Green Spaces by Yutong JI, Tianyi LIN, Lian LIU, Xiong LI

“…While habitat composition and planting strategies offer substantial localized benefits, their variability necessitates tailored interventions informed by specific ecological and social contexts. …”
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Software with artificial intelligence-derived algorithms for detecting and analysing lung nodules in CT scans: systematic review and economic evaluation by Julia Geppert, Peter Auguste, Asra Asgharzadeh, Hesam Ghiasvand, Mubarak Patel, Anna Brown, Surangi Jayakody, Emma Helm, Dan Todkill, Jason Madan, Chris Stinton, Daniel Gallacher, Sian Taylor-Phillips, Yen-Fu Chen

“…A significant correlation between software-aided and manual measurement was observed (two studies). Inter-reader variability (three studies) and intra-reader variability (one study) in nodule size measurement was significantly reduced in readers with software use compared with manual measurement. …”
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A group psychological intervention for postnatal depression in British mothers of South Asian origin – the ROSHNI-2 RCT by Nusrat Husain, Karina Lovell, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Farah Lunat, Penny Bee, Matthias Pierce, Najia Atif, Saadia Aseem, Kamaldeep Bhui, Peter Bower, Traolach Brugha, Nasim Chaudhry, Akbar Ullah, Linda Davies, Nadeem Gire, Deepali Sharma, Jahanara Miah, Waqas Ahmed, Joe Kai, Ilyas Mirza, Jillian Morrison, Naeem Mohmed, Atif Rahman, Shanaya Rathod, Najma Siddiqi, Waquas Waheed, Christopher Williams, Nosheen Zaidi, Richard Emsley, Richard Morriss

“…Improved emotional and social support, better coping strategies, and an enhanced sense of well-being demonstrate the mediating variables between PHP and the reduction of depression. …”
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On the added value of sequential deep learning for the upscaling of evapotranspiration by B. Kraft, B. Kraft, B. Kraft, J. A. Nelson, S. Walther, F. Gans, U. Weber, G. Duveiller, M. Reichstein, W. Zhang, M. Rußwurm, D. Tuia, M. Körner, Z. Hamdi, M. Jung

“…</p> <p>The generated patterns of global ET variability were relatively consistent across the ML models overall, but in regions with low data support via eddy covariance (EC) stations, we observed substantial biases across models and covariate setups and large ensemble uncertainties. …”
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Challenges and Obstacles in the Development of Winter Sports Tourism in the Ski Slopes of Tehran by Siavash Imeni, Leyla Asadpour Shirazi

“…Ultimately, the questionnaire was completed by 384 participants. To assess the variables, the DEMATEL technique was employed to calculate the quantitative relationships between multiple factors and the impact of each factor on others. 5. …”
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