Optimized Temporal Interference Stimulation Based on Convex Optimization: A Computational Study by Chao Geng, Yang Li, Long Li, Xiaoqi Zhu, Xiaohan Hou, Tian Liu

“…Performance analysis of CVXTI shows superior results compared to other methods, particularly in deep brain regions. Subject variability analysis on four individuals highlights the necessity of customized stimulus optimization. …”
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HEE-SegGAN: A holistically-nested edge enhanced GAN for pulmonary nodule segmentation. by Yong Wang, Seri Mastura Mustaza, Mohammad Syuhaimi Ab-Rahman, Siti Salasiah Mokri

“…However, this task remains challenging due to the complex morphological variability of pulmonary nodules in CT images and the limited availability of well-annotated datasets. …”
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Smart Fermentation Technologies: Microbial Process Control in Traditional Fermented Foods by Chong Shin Yee, Nur Asyiqin Zahia-Azizan, Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim, Nurul Aqilah Mohd Zaini, Raja Balqis Raja-Razali, Muhammad Ameer Ushidee-Radzi, Zul Ilham, Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar

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Study on the Photosynthetic Physiological Responses of Greenhouse Young Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. <i>Chinensis Group</i>) Affected by Particulate Matter Based on Hyp... by Lijuan Kong, Siyao Gao, Jianlei Qiao, Lina Zhou, Shuang Liu, Yue Yu, Haiye Yu

“…Particulate matter affects both the light environment and air quality in greenhouses, obstructing normal gas exchange and hindering efficient physiological activities such as photosynthesis. …”
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Elucidating Genotypic Variation in Quinoa via Multidimensional Agronomic, Physiological, and Biochemical Assessments by Samreen Nazeer, Muhammad Zubair Akram

“…The results revealed that significant variation was observed across all measured parameters, highlighting the diverse adaptive strategies and functional capacities among the tested genotypes. More specifically, genotypes Q4, Q11, Q15, and Q126 demonstrated superior agronomic potential and canopy-level physiological efficiencies, including high biomass accumulation, low infrared canopy temperatures and sustained NDVI values. …”
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Advancing geohazard risk assessment – A digital tool for steep slope management by Cherry Rose Godes, One-Bin Lim, Shanelle Aira Rodrigazo, Yongseong Kim, Yongjin Kim, Seungjoo Lee, Jaeheum Yeon

“…Growing climatic variability and rapid urbanization have increased landslide occurrences, posing significant challenges for risk assessment. …”
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Compositional and nutritional value of lupin cultivars: Identifying high-protein seeds for enhanced protein isolate production and phytochemical valorisation by Pau Taberner-Pibernat, Albert Ribas-Agustí, Gisela Quinteros, Gerard Sabeña, Miguel López-Gómez, Rubén Domínguez-Valencia, Ricard Bou

“…The findings revealed significant inter- and intra-species variability in protein, total dietary fibre, and fat content among the studied cultivars. …”
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On the added value of sequential deep learning for the upscaling of evapotranspiration by B. Kraft, B. Kraft, B. Kraft, J. A. Nelson, S. Walther, F. Gans, U. Weber, G. Duveiller, M. Reichstein, W. Zhang, M. Rußwurm, D. Tuia, M. Körner, Z. Hamdi, M. Jung

“…</p> <p>The generated patterns of global ET variability were relatively consistent across the ML models overall, but in regions with low data support via eddy covariance (EC) stations, we observed substantial biases across models and covariate setups and large ensemble uncertainties. …”
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Hierarchical GraphCut Phase Unwrapping Based on Invariance of Diffeomorphisms Framework by Xiang Gao, Xinmu Wang, Zhou Zhao, Junqi Huang, Xianfeng David Gu

“…However, the presence of noise, occlusions, and piecewise continuous phase functions induced by complex 3D surface geometry makes the inverse reconstruction of the true phase extremely challenging. …”
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Influence of Migratory Strategy, Group Size, and Environmental Conditions on the Movements of Caribou in Eastern Alaska by Kyle Joly

“…Migration is a diverse behavior exhibited by a wide array of organisms. Variability in the type of movements is rooted in their purpose, environmental factors, demographics, and individual physiological condition. …”
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Mobile machine design through dynamic load simulation on their drive units by S. A. Partko, L. M. Groshev, A. N. Sirotenko

“…The root cause for the occurrence of vibration effects is the profile irregularity of the mobile machine path, and the variability of physicomechanical characteristics of the soil. …”
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Intelligent Field Sensor Station for Monitoring Agrophysical Parameters and Phenotyping in Precision Agriculture System by S. A. Vasilyev, S. Ye. Limonov, S. A. Mishin

“…(Results and discussion) The intelligent field sensor station successfully demonstrated its efficiency, confirming both its functionality and reliability in simultaneous data collection. …”
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Observational partitioning of water and CO₂ fluxes at National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites: a 5-year dataset of soil and plant components for spatial... by E. Zahn, E. Bou-Zeid

“…<p>Long-term time series of transpiration, evaporation, plant net photosynthesis, and soil respiration are essential for addressing numerous research questions related to ecosystem functioning. However, quantifying these fluxes is challenging due to the lack of reliable and direct measurement techniques, which has left gaps in the understanding of their temporal cycles and spatial variability. …”
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Artificial intelligence Defect Detection Robustness inReal-time Non-Destructive Testing of Metal Surfaces by Chaoyu Dong, Jovian Sanjaya Putra, Andrew A. Malcolm

“…Factors such as surface variability, environmental influences, and defect types can significantly impact the performance of an AI real-time NDT system. …”
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Genome-wide association study of blood vitamin D metabolites and bone remodelling markers in pigs by Dipanwita Paul, Michael Oster, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Klaus Wimmers, Henry Reyer

“…Due to the substantial inter-individual variation observed in serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and bone remodelling markers, this study aimed to investigate the genetic contributions to this variability. The genetic determinants of serum calcidiol, calcitriol, β-CTX, and CICP were investigated in a population of 610 purebred German Landrace pigs. …”
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Optimization of Mangiferin extraction from Mangifera Indica leaves Peruvian Criollo variation using ultrasound assisted surface response methodology by Elena Sofia Espinoza Rodríguez, Stephanie Elena Sosa Pulcha, Naysha Y. M․ Elguera, Abdel Alejandro Portocarrero Banda, Hugo Guillermo Jiménez Pacheco

“…Response surface methodology (RSM) and a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were employed to enhance the process. The evaluated variables included extraction temperature, time, and solvent composition, aiming to maximize yield while ensuring the integrity of the bioactive compound. …”
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Application of multi-objective neural network algorithm in industrial polymerization reactors for reducing energy cost and maximising productivity by Fakhrony Sholahudin Rohman, Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi, Dinie Muhammad, Ashraf Azmi, Zainuddin Abd Manan, Jeng Shiun Lim, Hong An Er, Siti Nor Azreen Ahmad Termizi

“…According to their preferences, decision-makers can use the resulting Pareto to decide on the most acceptable alternative. The decision variable plots show that both initiators in the reacting zone highly affected the optimal solution with the opposite action.…”
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Predicting the Likelihood of Operational Risk Occurrence in the Banking Industry Using Machine Learning Algorithms by Hamed Naderi, Mohammad Ali Rastegar Sorkhe, Bakhtiar Ostadi, Mehrdad Kargari

“…Capital coverage is then determined based on the cumulative distribution of these variables. Since the LDA is data-driven, the Basel framework (BCBS, 2004) emphasizes the necessity of a robust database for collecting operational risk data. …”
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Analysis of Factors Influencing the Development of Community-Based Tourism in Rural Areas, Case Study: Villages Targeted by Tourism in the Markazi Province by Hamid Afshari, Behrouz Mohammadi Yeganeh, Hossein Farahani, Mehdi Cheraghi

“…Thus, the aim of the present research is to find the variables affecting community-based tourism in the target villages of Markazi Province. …”
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AER-Net: Attention-Enhanced Residual Refinement Network for Nuclei Segmentation and Classification in Histology Images by Ruifen Cao, Qingbin Meng, Dayu Tan, Pijing Wei, Yun Ding, Chunhou Zheng

“…Moreover, the coarse predictions and refined predictions are combined by using a loss function that employs cross-entropy loss and generalized dice loss to efficiently tackle the challenge of class imbalance among nuclei in histology images. …”
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