Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L) wood for preparation of high quality extract by Moh Djaeni, Setia Budi Sasongko, Devi Yuni Susanti, F Widhi Mahatmanti, Andri Cahyo Kumoro, Laeli Kurniasari

“…High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) confirmed the presence of brazilin, while Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) analysis indicated the retention of functional groups. UAE was shown to enhance extraction efficiency and preserve phenolic compounds. …”
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Optimization Method for Reliability–Redundancy Allocation Problem in Large Hybrid Binary Systems by Florin Leon, Petru Cașcaval

“…The proposed method uses a zero–one integer programming formulation that applies log-transformed reliability functions and binary decision variables to represent subsystem configurations. …”
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Fuzzy System for the Quality Assessment of Educational Multimedia Edition Design by Vsevolod Senkivskyy, Liubomyr Sikora, Nataliia Lysa, Alona Kudriashova, Iryna Pikh

“…A multilevel model of fuzzy logical inference is constructed, representing the dependency between quality factors. Membership functions for linguistic variables are formed and their weight coefficients are determined using pairwise comparison matrices. …”
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ТНЕ WORLD OIL MARKET: THE SEARCH FOR BALANCE IN THE NEW "OIL" REALITY by T. A. Malova, V. I. Sisoeva

“…The proposed approach allows toreveal the substance of the transformation of the world oil market, to assess the changes in the oil market with the development of rhenium in terms of efficiency and functioning of the mechanism, the prospects of price volatility in the oil market. …”
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Characterizing the Growth Kinetics of Oyster Mushroom Through Substrate Supplementation and Environmental Control by Khurram Shahzad, Hamza Aslam, Shahid Hussain

“…Conclusion: Future work should explore additional nutrient additives, environmental variables, and the mushrooms’ bioactive compounds to further improve cultivation efficiency and nutritional value. …”
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Characterizing the Growth Kinetics of Oyster Mushroom Through Substrate Supplementation and Environmental Control by Khurram Shahzad, Hamza Aslam, Shahid Hussain

“…Conclusion: Future work should explore additional nutrient additives, environmental variables, and the mushrooms’ bioactive compounds to further improve cultivation efficiency and nutritional value. …”
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Optimization of the Screw Conveyor Device Based on a GA-BP Neural Network by Qiang Guo, Yunpeng Zhuang, Houzhuo Xu, Wei Li, Haitao Li, Zhidong Wu

“…In this paper, we analyze the force and velocity components acting on the straw, give the design principles for the screw’s conveying parameters under the premise of ensuring maximum conveying capacity and minimum power consumption, and determine the optimal design variables, objective functions, and constraints according to the specific optimization problem; we establish a specific mathematical model, and introduce algorithm optimization for nonlinear problems with many variables and large amounts of calculations. …”
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Application of Optimization Algorithms in Voter Service Module Allocation by Edgar Jardón, Marcelo Romero, José-Raymundo Marcial-Romero

“…A five-step methodology was implemented: defining variables, executing heuristics, compiling results, evaluating outcomes, and selecting the most effective heuristic. …”
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Agronomic Information Extraction from UAV-Based Thermal Photogrammetry Using MATLAB by Francesco Paciolla, Giovanni Popeo, Alessia Farella, Simone Pascuzzi

“…Nowadays, these sensors can be integrated as payloads on unmanned aerial vehicles, providing high spatial and temporal resolution, to deeply understand the variability of crop and soil conditions. However, few commercial software programs, such as PIX4D Mapper, can process thermal images, and their functionalities are very limited. …”
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Alleviative Effect of Exogenous Application of Fulvic Acid on Nitrate Stress in Spinach (<i>Spinacia oleracea</i> L.) by Kangning Han, Jing Zhang, Cheng Wang, Youlin Chang, Zeyu Zhang, Jianming Xie

“…FA application promoted the accumulation of biomass in spinach under nitrate stress and increased chlorophyll content, the net photosynthetic rate, the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Photosystem II) (Fv/Fm), the quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry [Y(II)], the electron transport rate, and the overall functional activity index of the electron transport chain between the PSII and PSI systems (PItotal); moreover, FA decreased PSII excitation pressure (1 − qP), quantum yields of regulated energy dissipation of PSII [Y(NPQ)], and the relative variable initial slope of fluorescence. …”
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Environmental impacts of floating solar panels on freshwater systems and their techno-ecological synergies by Sofia M G Rocha, Alona Armstrong, Stephen J Thackeray, Rebecca R Hernandez, Andrew M Folkard

“…However, understanding of the ecological consequences for water bodies is very limited despite the variable and far-reaching range of potential impacts. …”
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FORMAL REPRESENTATION OF THE PIXEL-BY-PIXEL CLASSIFICATION PROCESS USING A MODIFIED WANG-MENDEL NEURAL NETWORK by Oleksii Kolomiitsev, Volodymyr Pustovarov

“…The following results were obtained: the use of a fuzzy Wang-Mendel neural network as a classifier of a modified U-Net decoder based on the representation of membership functions in IFST2 and the implementation of phasing, aggregation and activation operations using operations on IFST2; introduction of an additional operation of type reduction in the phase of dephasification of the original variable based on the classical method of the center of gravity (centroid); introduction of several outputs of the network to recognize the appropriate number of classes (subclasses) of the subject area. …”
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A Novel Exploration Stage Approach to Improve Crayfish Optimization Algorithm: Solution to Real-World Engineering Design Problems by Harun Gezici

“…It is deprived of a stochastic variable and is not able to generate an applicable balance between exploration and exploitation. …”
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Identifying and Validating Indicators of Ritualism in the Iranian Higher Education System: A Mixed-Methods Study by Seyed Hedayat Davarpanah, Reza Hoveida, Mostafa Bagherian Far

“…Neglecting its indicators in the core functions of the university—teaching, research, and services—can lead to institutions that lack quality and fail to make a significant impact on society, both formally and functionally.  …”
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Sensitivity to Instruction Strategies in Motor Learning Is Predicted by Anterior–Posterior TMS Motor Thresholds by Michael L. Perrier, Kylee R. Graham, Jessica E. Vander Vaart, W. Richard Staines, Sean K. Meehan

“…Recent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies suggest that variability in interneuron recruitment by anterior–posterior (AP) currents is linked to differences in functional connectivity between premotor and motor regions. …”
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Building Credible VTOL Flight Models for Handling Quality Certification by Simulation by Lorenzo Favaro, Agata Rylko, Giuseppe Quaranta

“…Applied to a lift + cruise VTOL model performing a deceleration-to-hover manoeuvre, the study demonstrates that while longitudinal control dynamics largely remained within MUAD limits, indicating the model’s credibility for those aspects, vertical axis dynamics coupled with longitudinal inputs for some uncertain configurations exceeded these limits, correlating with observed flight test performance variability. Readers will find a structured, quantitative approach to model validation for HQ certification by simulation, leveraging MUAD to determine if a nominal model is sufficiently representative for certification, thereby supporting safer and more efficient VTOL development.…”
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The role of personalized precision medicine in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes by Shamala Devi Sekaran, Rishya Manikam, Gaythri Thergerajan, Haymond Prasad, Munandy Alagar, Chung Keat Tan

“…Autologous or allogeneic stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells can be used for direct tissue treatment in a rapid, personalized, and efficient manner. This approach of engineering cells and altering their functions before clinical use offers numerous benefits that are essential for personal health.…”
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The Brain Behind the Grid: A Comprehensive Review on Advanced Control Strategies for Smart Energy Management Systems by Gowthamraj Rajendran, Reiko Raute, Cedric Caruana

“…In addressing persistent challenges—including demand-side variability, supply intermittency, and regulatory complexity—the coordinated implementation of these technologies enables real-time optimization, predictive maintenance, and data-informed decision-making. …”
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Non-Destructive Detection of Fillet Fish Quality Using MQ135 Gas Sensor and Neutrosophic Logic-Enhanced System by M. Y. Shams, M. R. Darwesh, Roheet Bhatnagar, N. S. A. Al-Sattary, A. A. Salama, M. S. Ghoname

“…This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using an electronic nose to assess fish quality by analyzing air quality and examining volatile organic compounds (VOCs) alongside physical variables, with pH, protein content, and VOCs serving as chemical reference points. …”
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Optimizing Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power Renewable and Thermal Systems Using Advanced Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controllers and Catch Fish Algorithm by Saleh A. Alnefaie, Abdulaziz Alkuhayli, Abdullah M. Al-Shaalan

“…Additionally, by contrasting the performance of the PID, PI, cascaded PI(PDN), and FOPID, PI(1+DD) controllers, the efficiency of the CFA is confirmed. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis that considers simultaneous modifications of the frequency bias coefficient (B) and speed regulation (R) within a range of ±25% validates the efficacy and dependability of the suggested CFA-tuned PI(1+DD). …”
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