Artificial intelligence Defect Detection Robustness inReal-time Non-Destructive Testing of Metal Surfaces by Chaoyu Dong, Jovian Sanjaya Putra, Andrew A. Malcolm

“…Factors such as surface variability, environmental influences, and defect types can significantly impact the performance of an AI real-time NDT system. …”
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Genome-wide association study of blood vitamin D metabolites and bone remodelling markers in pigs by Dipanwita Paul, Michael Oster, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Klaus Wimmers, Henry Reyer

“…Due to the substantial inter-individual variation observed in serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and bone remodelling markers, this study aimed to investigate the genetic contributions to this variability. The genetic determinants of serum calcidiol, calcitriol, β-CTX, and CICP were investigated in a population of 610 purebred German Landrace pigs. …”
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The Capabilities of Optical and C-Band Radar Satellite Data to Detect and Understand Faba Bean Phenology over a 6-Year Period by Frédéric Baup, Rémy Fieuzal, Clément Battista, Herivanona Ramiakatrarivony, Louis Tournier, Serigne-Fallou Diarra, Serge Riazanoff, Frédéric Frappart

“…These double logistic functions are capable of reproducing the differences in phenological development observed between fields and years, providing a reference set of functions that can be used to monitor the phenological development of faba beans in real time. …”
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Assessment of upper limb motor control: establishing normative benchmarks for clinical applications by Pablo Martín-Sierra, Cristina Sanchez, Eloy Urendes, Rafael Raya

“…A combination of clinical functional scales with the quantitative metrics presented here is expected to enable better evaluation of motor control. …”
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Development of smart samplers and their comparison to dried serum spots for the analysis of growth hormone releasing hormone analogs using LCHRMS/MS by Christina Johannsen, Anna Kha Tu Nguyen, Sasha Shabani, Inger Oulie, Siri Dørum, Yvette Dehnes, Leon Reubsaet, Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen

“…Results showed that DSS yielded higher overall signal intensities but exhibited greater variability. In contrast, smart samplers demonstrated improved reproducibility and sensitivity at lower concentrations. …”
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Systematic Evaluation of Isolation Techniques and Freeze‐Thaw Effects on Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Heterogeneity and Subpopulation Profiling by Xueqi Li, Xiangyu Li, Lingjun Tong, Liqiao Hu, Yanfen Hong, Ruoyu Zhou, Zonghong Li, Ming Dong, Junjie Hou, Tao Xu, Wen Zhong

“…However, standardizing blood‐derived EV isolation remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of EV populations and variability among isolation techniques. In this study, we systematically evaluated three distinct EV isolation methods, including asymmetrical flow field‐flow fractionation (AF4), size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) and automated centrifugal microfluidic disc system combined with functionalized membranes (Exo‐CMDS), to compare their efficiency in isolating EVs from both freshly frozen and freeze‐thawed plasma samples. …”
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Optimized Dual-Battery System with Intelligent Auto-Switching for Reliable Soil Nutrient Monitoring in Remote IoT Applications by Doan Perdana, Pascal Lorenz, Bagus Aditya

“…Implementing the DLB–PAO algorithm elevates the average reliability to 91.7% over 120 h, whereas the DLB–GA algorithm achieves near-perfect reliability (99.9%) for over 170 h, exhibiting minimal variability (standard deviation: 0.9%). The integration of intelligent auto-switching mechanisms and metaheuristic optimisation algorithms demonstrates a marked enhancement in both reliability and energy efficiency for soil nutrient monitoring systems. …”
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Effectiveness of eHealth for Medication Adherence in Renal Transplant Recipients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Lili Zhou, Ke Cheng, Linbin Chen, Xinyi Hou, Jingjing Wan

“…Primary outcomes included adherence measured by self-reported questionnaires, electronic monitoring devices, tacrolimus trough levels, intrapatient variability of tacrolimus concentrations, and the proportion of patients achieving a tacrolimus coefficient of variation <40%. …”
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A Systematic Review on Insights to Community Medicine and Clinical Research: Competency Training in Medical and Dental Education by Madeeha Minhas, Bilal Masood, Muhammad Hassaan Saeed, Amna Iqbal Butt, Fareed Ud Din Ahmad Chishti, Fatima Ali

“…The certainty of evidence showed moderate results for communication skills and patient satisfaction, and low to moderate results for the readiness in clinical trials and cultural competence due to variability in study design. Discussion: Effective competency training curricula substantially enhanced the functioning of healthcare systems and results for patients. …”
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TROLL 4.0: representing water and carbon fluxes, leaf phenology, and intraspecific trait variation in a mixed-species individual-based forest dynamics model – Part 2: Model evaluat... by S. Schmitt, S. Schmitt, S. Schmitt, F. J. Fischer, J. G. C. Ball, N. Barbier, M. Boisseaux, D. Bonal, B. Burban, X. Chen, G. Derroire, G. Derroire, G. Derroire, J. W. Lichstein, D. Nemetschek, N. Restrepo-Coupe, S. Saleska, G. Sellan, P. Verley, G. Vincent, C. Ziegler, J. Chave, I. Maréchaux

“…The simulated canopy height distribution showed a high correlation coefficient (CC) with observed aerial and satellite data (CC <span class="inline-formula">&gt;</span> 0.92), while the species and functional composition were well represented (CC <span class="inline-formula">&gt;</span> 0.75). …”
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Investigating the influence of soil organic carbon on pore structure within aggregates by Jingjing Liu, Yu Tian, Chiara Pasut, Mark Farrell, Shenggao Lu

“…The results revealed that the hydrogen peroxide treatment variably reduced organic carbon in soil aggregates, with Cambisol samples showing a higher removal efficiency (38.58–63.31%) compared to Ultisol samples (27.33–45.74%). …”
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Optimizing processing methods for maximum bioactive retention: comparative metabolomic analysis of dried loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) flowers and their powdered extracts by Mingzheng Duan, Jieming Feng, Jing-Han Feng, Xi Wang, Xu Xiao, Shirong He, Hengcui Guo, Wenyan Zhang, Zhumao Jiang, Tongfa Wan, Muhammad Junaid Rao

“…These insights guide the development of standardized loquat flower products, balancing bioactive preservation with processing efficiency for functional food and herbal medicine applications.…”
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Novel pyrochlores in the Bi2O3–MgO–Ta2O5 (BMT) system: Synthesis optimisation, phase equilibria and dielectric properties by K.B. Tan, P.Y. Tan, Y. Feng, C.C. Khaw, V. Raman, H.C. Ananda Murthy, R. Balachandran, S.K. Chen, O.J. Lee, K.Y. Chan, D. Zhou, M. Lu

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FVPNet: A Fuzzy Visual Positioning Perception Network for Small Object Segmentation in Remote Sensing Images by Yu Yan, Jindong Xu, Qianpeng Chong, Guangyi Wei, Zhixiang Wang

“…Furthermore, grayscale variability intensifies boundary uncertainty, complicating accurate segmentation. …”
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Natural Diversity of <i>Crataegus monogyna</i> Jacq. in Northeastern Türkiye Encompassing Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Features by Bora Erkek, Mehmet Yaman, Ahmet Sümbül, Serap Demirel, Fatih Demirel, Ömer Faruk Coşkun, Ahmet Say, Barış Eren, Adnan Aydin, Ayten Eroglu

“…The Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged from 0.04 (M9 and M16) to 0.63 (M17 and M3), indicating substantial genetic variability. …”
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Recent Advances in Vitamin E TPGS-Based Organic Nanocarriers for Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Active Compounds: A Systematic Review by Chee Ning Wong, Siew-Keah Lee, Yang Mooi Lim, Shi-Bing Yang, Yik-Ling Chew, Ang-Lim Chua, Kai Bin Liew

“…Despite using the same excipient, variability in particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency among nanocarriers indicates the need for tailored formulations. …”
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Enhanced neurological anomaly detection in MRI images using deep convolutional neural networks by Ahmed Mateen Buttar, Zubair Shaheen, Abdu H. Gumaei, Mogeeb A. A. Mosleh, Mogeeb A. A. Mosleh, Indrajeet Gupta, Samah M. Alzanin, Muhammad Azeem Akbar

“…This study introduces a deep learning framework designed to automate neuro-diagnostics, addressing the limitations of current manual interpretation methods, which are often time-consuming and prone to variability.MethodsWe propose a specialized deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) framework aimed at detecting and classifying neurological anomalies in MRI data. …”
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Spatial Differentiation and Correlation of Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Cynodon dactylon and Soil in the Water-level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir... by XU Liwen, ZHANG Yuewei, JIAN Chen, ZHANG Yuanyuan, WANG Xiaofeng

“…However, the variability in C/N and C/P ratios in roots and stems were slightly stronger than that in leaves, suggesting that C. dactylon has evolved a strategy for maintaining stable physiological functions in leaves. 4) There were significant correlations of the nutrient contents between C. dactylon and soil, with the nitrogen supply of soil being the key factor influencing the variation of nutrient contents in C. dactylon. …”
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Sensitivity Analysis of Soil Hydraulic Parameters for Improved Flow Predictions in an Atlantic Forest Watershed Using the MOHID-Land Platform by Dhiego da Silva Sales, Jader Lugon Junior, David de Andrade Costa, Renata Silva Barreto Sales, Ramiro Joaquim Neves, Antonio José da Silva Neto

“…The hydraulic soil parameters of VGM are dependent on soil type and are typically estimated from experimental data; however, they are often obtained using pedotransfer functions, which carry significant uncertainty. As a result, calibration is frequently required to account for both the natural spatial variability of soil and uncertainties estimation. …”
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Sustainable forest management: success and challenges in Ethiopia by Rusha Begna Wakweya

“…It also aims to guide and support initiatives that would enable the country to better adapt to the impacts of climate variability and change Climate Resilient Green Economy Strategy. …”
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