Investigation of an extensive outbreak of HIV infection among children in Sindh, Pakistan: protocol for a matched case–control study by Victoria Simms, Rashida Ferrand, Baseer Achakzai, Iqbal Azam, Amna R Siddiqui, Apsara Ali Nathwani, Syed H Abidi, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Sobiya Sawani, Abdul M Kazi, Aneeta Hotwani, Sikander Ali Memon, Jamila Soomro, Saqib Ali Shaikh, Quaid Saeed, Palwasha Khan, Fatima Mir

“…Following written informed consent from the guardian, a structured questionnaire will be administered to collect data on sociodemographic indices and exposure to risk factors for parenteral, vertical and sexual (only among those aged above 10 years) HIV transmission. …”
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Optimising Paediatric Transition to Intensive Care for Adults (OPTICAL): study protocol for a mixed method study by Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, Louise Rose, Julie Taylor, Christina Pagel, Jo Wray, Sarah E Seaton, Kate Oulton, Sonya Crowe, Rum Thomas, Qi Huang, Paul R Mouncey, Katherine Malbon, Anjalika Mallick, Charmaine Kohn, Sue Ben Abraham, Clare Windsor

“…To do this, we will: (1) link and analyse UK national data (years 2017–2024) on paediatric and adult ICU admissions, hospital inpatient, outpatient and emergency care visits and survival status, to determine the clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilisation from teenage years to early adulthood of people admitted to an ICU as a young person (admission aged 14 and 15), and how these relate to ICU admissions after age 16; (2) conduct semistructured interviews, online forums and surveys with TYA patients, carers and health professionals to understand their experience of transition in ICU services; and (3) synthesise these strands of evidence and use a structured process of stakeholder engagement to propose potential targeted improvements as appropriate.Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the East of England - Cambridge South Research Ethics Committee on 1 August 2024 (research ethics committee number 24/EE/0108), and the Health Research Authority Confidentiality Advisory Group (CAG) on 7 October 2024 (CAG number 24/CAG/0068). …”
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Comparative analysis of corpus callosum lipidome and transcriptome in schizophrenia and healthy brain by Maria S. Osetrova, Olga I. Efimova, Marina D. Zavolskova, Elena A. Stekolschikova, Gleb N. Vladimirov, Dmitry A. Senko, Tatiana A. Zhuravleva, Anna Y. Morozova, Yana A. Zorkina, Denis S. Andreyuk, George P. Kostyuk, Evgeniy N. Nikolaev, Philipp E. Khaitovich

“…BACKGROUND: Functional and structural studies of the brain highlight the importance of white matter alterations in schizophrenia. …”
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Vulvovaginal candidiasis: knowledge, practices and occurrence among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in a teaching hospital, Ghana by Florence Shine Edziah, Florence Shine Edziah, Princess Ruhama Acheampong, Philip Apraku Tawiah, Cedric Dzidzor Amengor, Godsway Edem Kpene, Grace Otobea Amponsah, Priscilla Appiah Baffoe, Georgina Korankye, John Gameli Deku

“…This study assessed the knowledge, practices and occurrence of Vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women accessing antenatal care at a teaching hospital in Ghana.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 336 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the Ho Teaching Hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge of the infection and practices on vaginal hygiene. …”
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The experience of immersive virtual reality in patients with heart failure during cardiac rehabilitation: a qualitative study by Valentina Micheluzzi, Valentina Micheluzzi, Gavino Casu, Gavino Casu, Francesco Burrai, Antonella Canu, Antonio Sircana, Pierluigi Merella, Pierluigi Merella, Angelo Laconi, Angelo Laconi, Andrea Chelo, Andrea Chelo, Piero Cozzula, Michela Piredda, Ercole Vellone, Ercole Vellone

“…The intervention group experienced iVR in natural settings, while the control group received standard care. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted in person after the intervention group’s eighth rehabilitation session. …”
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Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding pulmonary rehabilitation among patients with chronic respiratory diseases: a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study in a tertiary ho... by Xueli Bai, Yuan Chen, Xiansheng Liu, Lingling Wang, Xiaohong Zhang, Jie Ding, Lin Su, Ruiying Wang, Shuang Wei

“…The secondary outcome assessed the association between demographic factors (age, gender, income, education, smoking status) and KAP scores using structural equation modelling (SEM).Results The mean KAP scores were 1.26±2.85 for knowledge, 30.46±3.63 for attitudes and 34.58±5.55 for practices. …”
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Innovative strategies for bone organoid: Synergistic application and exploration of advanced technologies by Xu Lou, Qirong Zhou, Zhenglin Dong, Long Bai, Jiacan Su, Hua Yue

“…While 3D bioprinting enhances spatial precision and structural complexity, artificial intelligence accelerates organoid optimization through data-driven approaches. …”
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Experiences and perceptions of Chinese patients enrolled in a clinical trial assessing tuina and manual therapies for knee osteoarthritis: a nested qualitative study by Luping Liu, Lingyun Zhang, Sina Li, Meiling Cai, Siyu Han, Zhiwen Weng, Qianji Chen, Yixuan Gao, Xiaoming Yang, Yang Zhang, Duoduo Li, Changxin Liu, Ya’nan Sun, Xiyou Wang, Changhe Yu

“…The interviews were conducted by two researchers who have extensive experience interviewing KOA patients, and data were gathered through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews to ensure a high level of information power. …”
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A Multidata Approach to Open Clusters: Roslund 3 and Ruprecht 174 in CCD UBV and Gaia DR3 Context by Hülya Karagöz, Talar Yontan, Selçuk Bilir, Olcay Plevne, Tansel Ak, Serap Ak, Remziye Canbay, Timothy Banks

“…A detailed analysis of the structural, astrophysical, kinematic, and dynamical properties of the open clusters Roslund 3 and Ruprecht 174 is carried out using CCD UBV photometry in conjunction with astrometric and photometric data from Gaia DR3. …”
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Fostering achievement of sustainable development goals through green culture and digital transformation: Empirical evidence from an Indonesian education human resources university by Indah Prabawati, Wiwik Sri Utami, Harmanto, Meirinawati, Suci Megawati, Artanti Indrasetianingsih, Sud Sudirman

“…Utilizing a quantitative approach, a survey was conducted with 435 students from State University of Surabaya, a leading IEHRU. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. …”
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Quantitative Characterization and Determination of the Main Factors That Control Fracture Development in the Lower Paleozoic Shale in Southeastern Chongqing, China by Zhiping Zhang, Xiangye Kong, Qing Chen, Ye Zhang, Zhi Deng, Chuan Yu, Zhian Lei, Haijie Zhang, Xiaofeng Wang, Guanghua Yao, Licheng Yang, Xianfeng Tan

“…The results obtained showed that there are three types of fractures in the lower Paleozoic shale in southeastern Chongqing, which are structural, diagenetic, and abnormal high-pressure fractures. …”
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Astragaloside IV attenuates podocyte apoptosis via regulating TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy by Zhibo Hu, Yu Zhou, Cailing Gao, Junfen Liu, Congqing Pan, Jun Guo

“…Conclusions The anti-pyroptosis effect of AS-IV via the TXNIP-NLRP3-GSDMD axis improves the renal function and podocyte damage of db/db mice and delays the onset of DKD, according to in vivo and in vitro experimental data.…”
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Effects of timely case conferencing between general practitioners and specialist palliative care services on symptom burden in patients with advanced chronic disease: results of th... by Tina Mallon, Josefine Schulze, Nadine Pohontsch, Thomas Asendorf, Jan Weber, Silke Böttcher, Uta Sekanina, Franziska Schade, Nils Schneider, Judith Dams, Michael Freitag, Christiane Müller, Friedemann Nauck, Tim Friede, Martin Scherer, Gabriella Marx

“…Methods The cluster-randomised controlled trial compared a structured palliative care nurse visit followed by an interprofessional case conference to usual care. …”
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Adherence to Life’s Essential 8 enhances gut microbiota diversity and cognitive performance by Yannick N. Wadop, Jazmyn Muhammad, Rebecca Bernal, Claudia L. Satizabal, Claudia L. Satizabal, Claudia L. Satizabal, Claudia L. Satizabal, Alexa Beiser, Alexa Beiser, Alexa Beiser, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Ramnik Xavier, Ramnik Xavier, Ramnik Xavier, Tiffany Kautz, Tiffany Kautz, Sudha Seshadri, Sudha Seshadri, Sudha Seshadri, Sudha Seshadri, Jayandra Jung Himali, Jayandra Jung Himali, Jayandra Jung Himali, Jayandra Jung Himali, Jayandra Jung Himali, Jayandra Jung Himali, Bernard Fongang, Bernard Fongang, Bernard Fongang

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The microbiologist's guide to metaproteomics by Tim Van Den Bossche, Jean Armengaud, Dirk Benndorf, Jose Alfredo Blakeley‐Ruiz, Madita Brauer, Kai Cheng, Marybeth Creskey, Daniel Figeys, Lucia Grenga, Timothy J. Griffin, Céline Henry, Robert L. Hettich, Tanja Holstein, Pratik D. Jagtap, Nico Jehmlich, Jonghyun Kim, Manuel Kleiner, Benoit J. Kunath, Xuxa Malliet, Lennart Martens, Subina Mehta, Bart Mesuere, Zhibin Ning, Alessandro Tanca, Sergio Uzzau, Pieter Verschaffelt, Jing Wang, Paul Wilmes, Xu Zhang, Xin Zhang, Leyuan Li, The Metaproteomics Initiative

“…As the primary catalytic and structural components of microbiomes, proteins provide unique insights into the active processes and ecological roles of microbial communities. …”
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Genomic landscape of diffuse glioma revealed by whole genome sequencing by Ben Kinnersley, Josephine Jung, Alex J. Cornish, Daniel Chubb, Ross Laxton, Anna Frangou, Andreas J. Gruber, Amit Sud, Giulio Caravagna, Andrea Sottoriva, David C. Wedge, Thomas Booth, Safa Al-Sarraj, Samuel E. D. Lawrence, Erminia Albanese, Giulio Anichini, David Baxter, Alexandros Boukas, Yasir A. Chowdhury, Pietro D’Urso, Robert Corns, Andrew Dapaah, Ellie Edlmann, Fay Greenway, Paul Grundy, Ciaran S. Hill, Michael D. Jenkinson, Sandhya Trichinopoly Krishna, Stuart Smith, Susruta Manivannan, Andrew J. Martin, Samir Matloob, Soumya Mukherjee, Kevin O’Neill, Puneet Plaha, Jonathan Pollock, Stephen Price, Ola Rominiyi, Bobby Sachdev, Fozia Saeed, Saurabh Sinha, Lewis Thorne, Ismail Ughratdar, Peter Whitfield, Amir Saam Youshani, Helen Bulbeck, Prabhu Arumugam, Richard Houlston, Keyoumars Ashkan

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Humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in paediatric heart transplant recipients by Amanda Bermejo-Gómez, Laura Tarancon-Diez, Beatriz Lazaro-Martin, Begoña Santiago-Garcia, Nuria Gil Villanueva, Roberto Alonso, Mª Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández, Manuela Camino López, Alicia Hernanz-Lobo, María Luisa Navarro Gómez

“…The T-lymphocyte phenotype and SARS-CoV2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell response was studied by multiparametric flow cytometry through peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the quantification of degranulation markers (CD107a) and intracellular cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) after in vitro stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 peptides from structural proteins (S, M, N, E) and non-structural viral proteins. …”
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Faster efficacy and reduced nodule occurrence with PLLA (poly-l-lactic acid) porous microspheres by Qihua Cao, Qihua Cao, Qihua Cao, Jiayu Chen, Jiayu Chen, Jiayu Chen, Jiayu Chen, Zijun Zhang, Yufei Xiong, Jinxia Ma, Wei Sun, Xin Chen, Qilei Lou, Kaijia Tang, Kaijia Tang, Kaijia Tang, Kaijia Tang, Feng Lin, Feng Lin, Feng Lin, Yueliang Zhu, Yueliang Zhu, Yueliang Zhu, Xiaohua Yu, Xiaohua Yu, Xiaohua Yu, Xiaohua Yu

“…Post-euthanasia, tissue sections underwent histological examination through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson’s trichrome technique, with subsequent statistical analysis of the observational data.ResultsThe PLLA porous microsphere group demonstrated significantly faster onset of action compared to the control, with observable collagen deposition as early as week 2, enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration, more homogeneous tissue distribution, and substantially fewer microaggregates upon histological examination.DiscussionStructural modification of PLLA microspheres has successfully accelerated their onset of action while reducing nodule formation, thereby providing novel insights for clinical applications.…”
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An open-source simulation platform to support and foster research collaboration in natural hazards engineering by Adam Zsarnóczay, Gregory G. Deierlein, Frank McKenna, Matthew Schoettler, Sang-Ri Yi, Barbaros Cetiner, Aakash Bangalore Satish, Jinyan Zhao, Justin Bonus, Abiy F. Melaku, Sina Naeimi, Pedro Arduino, Rachel Davidson, Rachel Davidson, Catherine Gorle, Sanjay Govindjee, Ahsan Kareem, Tracy L. Kijewski-Correa, Tracy L. Kijewski-Correa, Laura N. Lowes, Michael Motley, Seymour M. J. Spence, Ertugrul Taciroglu, Alexandros A. Taflanidis, Matthew DeJong

“…This paper presents the conceptual foundation and current capabilities of the SimCenter platform, covering hazard characterization, structural response analysis, damage and loss estimation, and recovery modeling. …”
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Signatures of omicron-like adaptation in early SARS-CoV-2 variants and chronic infection by Mark Tsz Kin Cheng, Mazharul Altaf, Jesu Castin, Ann-Kathrin Reuschl, Benjamin L. Sievers, Kimia Kamelian, Dejan Mesner, Rebecca B. Morse, Adam Abdullahi, Bo Meng, Kata Csiba, Steven A. Kemp, Darren P. Martin, Clare Jolly, Christopher Ruis, Lipi Thukral, Ravindra K. Gupta

“…These data shed light on the balance between SARS-CoV-2 upper airway adaptation/immune evasion, syncytium formation, and pathogenic potential.…”
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