Influence of Ballast and Sub-Ballast Thickness on Structural Behavior of Heavy-Haul Railway Platform Determined by Using Finite Element Modeling by Magdiel Acaz de Oliveira Teixeira, William Wilson dos Santos, Lisley Madeira Coelho, Lidiane Hellen dos Santos Santana, Fábio Grisolia de Ávila, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Antônio Carlos Rodrigues Guimarães

“…This study investigates the influence of ballast and sub-ballast thicknesses on the structural behavior of a heavy-haul railway platform by using finite element modeling with SysTrain software (v. 1.84) A parametric analysis was conducted to assess how variations in layer thickness affect key performance parameters, including total deflection, bending moments in the rails, and vertical stresses within the railway track. …”
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Investigating Variations in Gameplay: Cognitive Implications by Kamran Sedig, Robert Haworth, Michael Corridore

“…As a result, cognitive implications can be linked to the game but not to its structural elements. Given that gameplay arises from interaction between the player and the game, it is the structural components of interaction that should be investigated to better understand the design of gameplay. …”
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Design variations in Moroccan calligraphy composition by Ahmed Rahman Guma, Kifah Guma Hafez

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Influence of calcination temperature on gadolinium doped magnesium-zinc ferrite nanoparticles: Structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties for water splitting applications by Shashi Kumar Jakkaraju, Katrapally Vijaya Kumar, N. Hari Kumar

“…They adhered to a cubic spinel structure that was single-phase and devoid of a second-phase element, as evidenced by the Rietveld refinement analysis. …”
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Advanced optic-fiber sensor for progesterone concentration detection relying on the temperature-compensated reflective structure functionalized with molecularly imprinted polymer by Hanlin Liu, Miao Liu, Shuyuan Guo, Jingru Mao, Yongfeng Zou, Yuejiang Yu, Dandan Sun, Jie Ma

“…Simultaneously, it has been established that the sensor has good specificity in ten different real samples. This cascaded structure reflective sensor provides a simple and reliable technology for the quantitative detection of PG concentration in dairy products and water.…”
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Pore Structure Evolution of Coal After Supercritical CO₂–Water–Rock Treatment: A Multifractal Analysis by Sijian Zheng, Yanzhi Liu, Fansheng Huang, Shiqi Liu, Shuxun Sang, Xuguang Dai, Meng Wang

“…However, the conventional single fractal method for characterizing pore structure fails to depict the intricacies and variations in coal pores. …”
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Cross-Disciplinary Rapid Scoping Review of Structural Racial and Caste Discrimination Associated with Population Health Disparities in the 21st Century by Drona P. Rasali, Brendan M. Woodruff, Fatima A. Alzyoud, Daniel Kiel, Katharine T. Schaffzin, William D. Osei, Chandra L. Ford, Shanthi Johnson

“…The results link historical racism/casteism to health disparities occurring in Black and African American, Native American, and other ethnic groups in the US; in Indigenous peoples and other visible minorities in Canada; and in the Dalits of Nepal, a population racialized by caste, grounded on at least four foundational theories explaining structural determinants of health disparities. The evidence from the literature indicates that genetic variations and biological differences (e.g., disease prevalence) occur within and between races/castes for various reasons (e.g., random gene mutations, geographic isolation, and endogamy). …”
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A novel structural modeling magnitude and orientation radiomic descriptor for evaluating response to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancers via MRI by Charlems Alvarez-Jimenez, Jacob T. Antunes, Thomas DeSilvio, Zhouping Wei, Marwa Ismail, Joseph E. Willis, Emily Steinhagen, Andrei Purysko, David Liska, Smitha Krishnamurthi, Marka Crittenden, Michael Gough, Kristina Young, Anant Madabhushi, Eduardo Romero, Pallavi Tiwari, Satish E. Viswanath

“…The integrated StODeO-texture signature demonstrated robustness across annotation sources and imaging variations, intuitive modeling of therapy-associated structural changes, and statistical associations with tumor-immune biology, including macrophages and CD8+ T-cells from multiplexed biopsy analysis. …”
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Low-cost video-based air quality estimation system using structured deep learning with selective state space modeling by Maqsood Ahmed, Xiang Zhang, Yonglin Shen, Tanveer Ahmed, Shahid Ali, Ayaz Ali, Aminjon Gulakhmadov, Won-Ho Nam, Nengcheng Chen

“…This study proposes Air Quality Prediction-Mamba (AQP-Mamba), a video-based deep learning model that integrates a structured Selective State Space Model (SSM) with a selective scan mechanism and a hybrid predictor (HP) to estimate air quality. …”
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Rap1 and mTOR signaling pathways drive opposing immunotoxic effects of structurally similar aryl-OPFRs, TPHP and TOCP by Bilin Zhao, Shuang Zheng, Gaoxiang Yang, Zhijun He, Jiewei Deng, Lijuan Luo, Xinyan Li, Tiangang Luan

“…This study not only clarified the distinct immunotoxic mechanisms of TPHP and TOCP but also provided critical insights into how structural variations in aryl-OPFRs can lead to markedly different immune responses, thereby informing future risk assessments and regulatory strategies for these compounds.…”
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Optimized planting density and nitrogen rate improved grain yield of drip-fertigated maize by enhancing canopy structure and photosynthetic capacity by Zhenlin Lai, Zhenqi Liao, Yiyao Liu, Hongtai Kou, Zhijun Li, Junliang Fan

“…Improving the canopy structure can enhance the light energy interception and photosynthetic capacity of maize. …”
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The impacts of landscape structure changes on urban surface temperature and heat islands formation of a growing city in southern Sri Lanka by Dilnu Chanuwan Wijesinghe, Dilnu Chanuwan Wijesinghe, Neel Chaminda Withanage, Neel Chaminda Withanage, Prabuddh Kumar Mishra, Wasana Surandi Frenando, Kamal Abdelrahman, Mohammed S. Fnais

“…Much research has been conducted in other countries on the effects of changing urban landscape structures on LST and UHI formation. However, in Sri Lanka, only a few studies have been available on this topic, primarily concentrating on major cities like Colombo. …”
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Exploring the determinants of AIGC usage intention based on the extended AIDUA model: a multi-group structural equation modeling analysis by Xueyan Bai, Lin Yang, Lin Yang

“…In the data processing and analysis phase, a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was utilized to systematically examine the path relationships among the variables. …”
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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyl]-2-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole by Thaluru M. Mohan Kumar, Papegowda Bhavya, Besagarahally L. Bhaskar, Holehundi J. Shankara Prasad, Hemmige S. Yathirajan, Sean Parkin

“…Both molecules have essentially planar methyl-nitro-1H-imidazole cores, with conformational variation arising from the side chains. The structure lacks conventional hydrogen bonds but features several weak C—H...O, C—H...N, and C—H...Cl interactions, connecting molecules into dimers and layers parallel to the ac-plane. …”
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Longitudinal internalizing psychopathology structure in a diverse community sample of Los Angeles adolescents from 9th to 12th grade by Katherine M. Keyes, Megan C. Finsaas, Catherine A. Gimbrone, Nora C. Kelsall, Ahuva L. Jacobowitz, Adam M. Leventhal, Andrew G. Rundle

“…Understanding variation in the structure and components of internalizing psychopathology may improve diagnosis. …”
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Some Variational Principles for Coupled Thermoelasticity by Francesco Marotti de Sciarra

“…The nonlinear thermoelasticity of type II proposed by Green and Naghdi is considered. The thermoelastic structural model is formulated in a quasistatic range, and the related thermoelastic variational formulation in the complete set of state variables is recovered. …”
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Genetic diversity and population structure studies of West African sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] collection using DArTseq. by Issa Zakari Mahaman Mourtala, Arnaud Comlan Gouda, Dan-Jimo Baina, Nwankwo Innocent Ifeanyi Maxwell, Charlotte O A Adje, Moussa Baragé, Oselebe Ogba Happiness

“…Population structure analysis divided the 271 accessions into four populations (population 1 was characterised by a mixture of accessions from all countries; population 2, mostly comprised of Nigerian breeding lines; population 3 contained exclusively landraces from Benin; and population 4 was composed by only landraces from West African countries) at K = 4, and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on PhiPT values showed that most of the variation was explained when accessions were categorized based on population structure at K = 4 (25.25%) and based on cluster analysis (19.43%). …”
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Existence and Uniqueness of a Solution for a Four-Stage Age-Structured Population Dynamics Model With Spatial Diffusion for Desert Locusts by Ramdé Nestor, Traoré Amidou, Simporé Yacouba, Nakoulima Ousseynou

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Genetic structure and conservation implications of Lancea tibetica (Mazaceae), a traditional Tibetan medicinal plant endemic to the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau by Mingze Xia, Xiaofeng Chi, Jingya Yu, Yun Han, Shuang Han, Shilong Chen, Yan Li, Faqi Zhang

“…Geographic isolation and climatic variation are likely the primary factors shaping the population structure of this species. …”
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Effect of different cadmium sources on the optical and structural properties of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) co-stabilized with GSH-TGA by Zusakhe Nguqu, Olamide Abiodun Daramola, Francis Birhanu Dejene

“…Several studies have reported the variation of different reaction conditions in studying the optical and structural properties of the synthesized QDs. …”
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