Advancing Monoclonal Antibody Manufacturing: Process Optimization, Cost Reduction Strategies, and Emerging Technologies by Ranbhor R

“…The analysis addresses critical challenges in current manufacturing processes while evaluating innovative solutions to improve production efficiency and economic viability.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of recent literature on mAb manufacturing, examining traditional batch processing, continuous processing, and hybrid systems. …”
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When Multimodal Large Language Models Meet Computer Vision: Progressive GPT Fine-Tuning and Stress Testing by Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis, Nikolaos D. Tselikas, Dimitrios K. Nasiopoulos

“…Although ResNet-50 and ConvNeXt-tiny exhibited lower fine-tuning costs, achieving comparable performance required larger batch sizes and lower learning rates. GPT-4o’s multimodal learning approach achieved 87% accuracy with minimal training—just three epochs and a batch size of one—highlighting its efficiency in few-shot learning with limited labeled data. …”
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Applying machine learning to high-dimensional proteomics datasets for the identification of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers by Christoffer Ivarsson Orrelid, Oscar Rosberg, Sophia Weiner, Fredrik D. Johansson, Johan Gobom, Henrik Zetterberg, Newton Mwai, Lena Stempfle

“…Our methodology includes extensive data preprocessing to address batch effects and missing values, followed by the use of the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) for data augmentation to overcome the small sample size. …”
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Design and Development of a Metamaterial Enhanced Microstrip Antenna Integrated With a Monopulse Comparator for Tracking Applications by V M Jayakrishnan, R. V. Sanjika Devi, Dhanesh G. Kurup

“…This paper presents the design and development of a metamaterial-enhanced pentagonal patch antenna integrated with a monopulse comparator operating at 2.4 GHz for S-band radar tracking and UAV applications. …”
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IMAGE DEHAZING USING FAST ITERATIVE DOMAIN GUIDED IMAGE FILTERING WITH GRAY WORLD OPTIMIZATION by Bhaskar Reddy Bada, Mahaboob Basha S, Imran Khan Patan, Eramma Boda

“…This method is applied in a pixel-wise and patch-wise way. Because of this, the atmospheric effects are resolved in each and every patch that is based on pixels. …”
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Spatial distribution model of anoa, Bubalus spp., in Tanjung Peropa Wildlife Reserve by Ola Aso, Abdul Mustari, Lilik Prasetyo

“…In the Tanjung Peropa Wildlife Reserve, an isolated habitat patch, we used MaxEnt modelling to assess environmental factors influencing their distribution in support of a comprehensive species conservation programme. …”
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Evaluating mangrove forest dynamics and fragmentation in Sundarbans, Bangladesh using high-resolution Sentinel-2 satellite images by Sujit Kumar Roy, Pratik Mojumder, Md Ashik Arman Chowdhury, Md. Mahmudul Hasan

“…Notably, the ‘Patch’ class indicated localized regeneration, while the ‘Core (>202 ha)’ declined due to deforestation, urban expansion, and shifting agriculture. …”
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Crack Identification for Bridge Condition Monitoring Combining Graph Attention Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks by Feiyu Chen, Tong Tong, Jiadong Hua, Chun Cui

“…At first, the original large-sized images are divided into small-sized patches, and these patches are input into a CNN architecture to extract features by decreasing dimensions. …”
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A Proposed Molecular Mechanism for Physical Analgesia in Chronic Pain by Norio Saito, Rei Shima, Yurika Yamada, Masaru Nagaoka, Etsuro Ito, Tohru Yoshioka

“…Recently, we have developed a novel method of physical analgesia using an adhesive “pyramidal thorn patch.” When we apply about 3 trials of these patches on the skin of a pain region, the pain region moves toward the spinal cord like a “cutaneous rabbit,” and finally, the pain vanishes. …”
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Complementary Split Ring Resonator-Inspired Antenna for Wearable Multiband Applications Using Biodegradable Polylactic Acid by saranya Srinivasan, Hariharan Selvaraj, Gopi Pitchaimani, Kamal Bishnoi

“…Additionally, the integration of taffeta fabric as a conductive patch material provided elasticity and enhanced wearability. …”
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Thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of wheel/rail contact in case of train hunting motion by Haitao Li, Yunpeng Wei, Tao Yang, Yingkang Li

“…The study indicates that the initial contact patch shape of wheel/rail is similar to an ellipse, with an area of 164.3 mm2. …”
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Differences in foraging behavior in wild and pen‐raised northern bobwhites by Jacob F. Jung, Steven E. Hayslette

“…Both wild and pen‐raised bobwhites foraged more in safe patches than in riskier patches. Vigilance rates were similar between wild and pen‐raised bobwhites. …”
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Folding wings like a cockroach: a review of transverse wing folding ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae: Afrevania and Trissevania). by István Mikó, Robert S Copeland, James P Balhoff, Matthew J Yoder, Andrew R Deans

“…While the setal patch is an evolutionary novelty, the retinaculum, which originally evolved to facilitate fore and hind wing coupling in Hymenoptera, exemplifies morphological exaptation. …”
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Convolutional Edge Constraint-Based U-Net for Salient Object Detection by Le Han, Xuelong Li, Yongsheng Dong

“…Besides, the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based models predict saliency maps at patch scale, which causes the objects edges of the output to be fuzzy. …”
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ASIC currents in cultured primate retinal amacrine/ganglion cells by Talib Saafir, Tiandong Leng, Koichi Inoue, Zhi‐Gang Xiong, Peter MacLeish

“…RT‐PCR detected the expression of ASIC1a, 2a, 3, and 4 in intact monkey retina and cultured retinal cells. Patch‐clamp recordings showed transient ASIC currents with a pH 0.5 of 4.69. …”
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Initial Stand Volume and Residual Live Trees Drive Deadwood Carbon Stocks in Fire and Harvest Disturbed Boreal Forests at North‐Central Alberta by Richard Osei, Charles A. Nock

“…ABSTRACT Retention forestry involves leaving single or groups of unharvested trees within harvest areas. Patch retention, which resembles structures such as unburned patches remaining after wildfire, is one practice implemented within the framework of Ecosystem‐based Forest Management (EBM), which seeks to use natural forests as a model and minimize differences in natural and managed forests. …”
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Contrasting spatial patterns in active-fire and fire-suppressed Mediterranean climate old-growth mixed conifer forests. by Danny L Fry, Scott L Stephens, Brandon M Collins, Malcolm P North, Ernesto Franco-Vizcaíno, Samantha J Gill

“…Most of the trees were in patches, averaging six to 11 trees per patch at 0.007 to 0.014 ha(-1), and occupied 27-46% of the study areas. …”
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Epithelioid sarcoma in the chest wall: a case report and literature review by Teiko Sakurai, Hidenori Kusumoto, Tomoko Wakasa, Yoshio Ohta, Eiichi Konishi, Hiroyuki Shiono

“…We performed complete resection of the tumor in our case, and a polytetrafluoroethylene patch was effective for reconstructing the deficit in the chest wall.…”
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Effects of pattern dynamics on carbon storage capacity in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1980 to 2020 by Jiajia Li, Guohua Liu, Xukun Su, Junyan Zhao, Lingli Zuo, Shuyuan Zheng, Kui Luo

“…Carbon storage was positively correlated with Aggregation Index and Largest Patch Index, but negatively correlated with Patch Density and Edge Density. …”
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High-resolution in situ ultrasonic imaging platform for studying localized corrosion morphology by Yunda Chen, Fangxin Zou, Guozhe Meng, Wei Zhang

“…The dedicated experimental specimens for the technique are prepared by permanently installing, on a substrate, a large-scale piezoelectric transducer patch. During an experiment, different zones of the transducer patch are activated in a round-robin fashion to generate ultrasonic waves and acquire reflections. …”
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