Advances in YIG thin films: Deposition strategies and substrate effects by N. Askarzadeh, H. Shokrollahi

“…Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) thin films are key materials for advanced microwave, spintronic, and optoelectronic devices due to their ultra-low ferromagnetic losses, high electrical resistivity, and broad functional bandwidth. …”
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Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for postoperative frailty in older adults:a multicenter study by Shilong Lu, Hao Liang, Jiamin Fang, Rui Chen, Huilian Liao, Mingming Xu, Yumei Chen, Huijin Sun, Lijuan Dong, Yingui Guo, Zhixia Jiang, Hui Xiao, Lin Wei

“…Results The final model included the following variables: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, intraoperative blood loss, economic income, caregiver status, sedentary behavior, cognitive function, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) level, and postoperative ICU admission. …”
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Research on soybean leaf disease recognition in natural environment based on improved Yolov8 by Chen Chen, Chen Chen, Xiaolei Lu, Lei He, Lei He, Ruoxue Xu, Ruoxue Xu, Yi Yang, Yi Yang, Jing Qiu, Jing Qiu

“…A lightweight detection head (LSCD) is further introduced to facilitate multiscale feature interactions while reducing the overall model parameter count. Lastly, the WIoUv3 loss function is employed to place greater emphasis on small targets and moderate-quality samples, thereby enhancing detection precision. …”
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Comminuted Proximal Pediatric Femur Fractures Treated with External Fixation: A Case Series and Literature Review by Bicheng Yong, Anirejuoritse Bafor, Christopher Iobst

“…Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, alignment, and clinical outcomes were recorded. …”
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Characterizing Optimum N Rate in Waterlogged Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Remote Sensing by Bhawana Acharya, Syam Dodla, Brenda Tubana, Thanos Gentimis, Fagner Rontani, Rejina Adhikari, Dulis Duron, Giulia Bortolon, Tri Setiyono

“…The artificial intelligence SciPy (version 1.5.2) optimization algorithm and spherical function were used to estimate the economically optimum N rate under the different treatments. …”
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A Cross-Stage Focused Small Object Detection Network for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Assisted Maritime Applications by Gege Ding, Jiayue Liu, Dongsheng Li, Xiaming Fu, Yucheng Zhou, Mingrui Zhang, Wantong Li, Yanjuan Wang, Chunxu Li, Xiongfei Geng

“…Finally, to enhance the model’s robustness, WIoUv2 loss function was employed, ensuring a balanced treatment of positive and negative samples. …”
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Depth-Enhanced Tumor Detection Framework for Breast Histopathology Images by Integrating Adaptive Multi-Scale Fusion, Semantic Depth Calibration, and Boundary-Guided Detection by A. Robert Singh, Suganya Athisayamani, Hariharasitaraman S, Faten Khalid Karim, Jose Varela-Aldas, Samih M. Mostafa

“…DG-TDM refines tumor boundary detection by combining depth and RGB features using spatial and channel-wise attention mechanisms, which highlight boundary differences and reduce redundancy from background noise. The proposed loss function optimizes RGB-depth feature alignment, balancing contributions from each modality for robust tumor detection. …”
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A comparative study of arthroscopic treatment of popliteal cyst with internal drainage and internal drainage combined with cyst wall resection by Peng-Fei Fu, Cong-Yong Ye, Ao-Ran Sun, Zi-Hao Wang, Hao Liu, Li-Gong Fu, Lian-Xu Chen

“…Group B had longer operative time and greater blood loss (both P < 0.05). Final outcomes showed equivalent functional scores (Lysholm, R-L; P > 0.05), but Group B achieved significantly higher complete cyst resolution rates (Group A 46.4% vs. …”
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LGVM-YOLOv8n: A Lightweight Apple Instance Segmentation Model for Standard Orchard Environments by Wenkai Han, Tao Li, Zhengwei Guo, Tao Wu, Wenlei Huang, Qingchun Feng, Liping Chen

“…The proposed model integrates three key improvements: (1) the GSConv module, which enhances feature interaction and reduces computational cost; (2) the VoVGSCSP module, which optimizes multi-scale feature representation for small objects; and (3) the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>U</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> loss function, which improves target localization accuracy, particularly for occluded fruits. …”
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GAB-YOLO: a lightweight deep learning model for real-time detection of abnormal behaviors in juvenile greater amberjack fish by Mingxin Liu, Mingxin Liu, Chun Zhang, Cong Lin, Cong Lin

“…Finally, the introduction of the Wise-ShapeIoU loss function further accelerates the model’s convergence and optimization process. …”
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The Role of Ferroptosis in Osteoporosis and Advances in Chinese Herbal Interventions by Pan Li, Tian-Yang Xu, Ao-Xue Yu, Jing-Ling Liang, Ya-Shuang Zhou, Huai-Zhu Sun, Yu-Lin Dai, Jia Liu, Peng Yu

“…Emerging research highlights ferroptosis—an iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation—as a critical contributor to OP pathogenesis, characterized by dysregulated iron metabolism, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxide accumulation, which disrupt bone remodeling by impairing osteoblast function and enhancing osteoclast activity. This review elucidates the mechanistic interplay between ferroptosis and OP subtypes (diabetic osteoporosis (DOP), glucocorticoid-induced (GIOP), and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP)) and evaluates the efficacy of Chinese herbal interventions in mitigating ferroptosis-driven bone loss. …”
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<i>DSW-YOLO</i>-Based Green Pepper Detection Method Under Complex Environments by Yukuan Han, Gaifeng Ren, Jiarui Zhang, Yuxin Du, Guoqiang Bao, Lijun Cheng, Hongwen Yan

“…A <i>SimAM</i> parameter-free attention mechanism was added to the last layer of the backbone, boosting P, R, mAP50, and mAP50-95 to 90.6%, 84.0%, 91.8%, and 68.5%, and reducing average detection time to 1.1 ms. The <i>CIOU</i> function was replaced with <i>WIOUv3</i> to accelerate convergence, decrease loss, and significantly enhance detection performance. …”
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Dual-Branch Deep Learning with Dynamic Stage Detection for CT Tube Life Prediction by Zhu Chen, Yuedan Liu, Zhibin Qin, Haojie Li, Siyuan Xie, Litian Fan, Qilin Liu, Jin Huang

“…Furthermore, a dynamic phase detector is applied to integrate the prediction results from both branches. In terms of optimization strategy, a dynamically weighted triplet mixed loss function is designed to adjust the weight ratios of different prediction tasks, effectively solving the problems of sample imbalance and uneven prediction accuracy. …”
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AER U-Net: attention-enhanced multi-scale residual U-Net structure for water body segmentation using Sentinel-2 satellite images by Naga Surekha Jonnala, Shaik Siraaj, Y. Prastuti, P. Chinnababu, B. Praveen babu, Shonak Bansal, Prashant Upadhyaya, Krishna Prakash, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque, K. S. Al-mugren

“…The model is trained using the Adam optimizer combined with a binary cross-entropy loss function, making it highly effective for binary segmentation tasks with an IoU score of 0.94, highlighting its effectiveness for practical environmental applications.…”
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Perineal stapled prolapse resection in combination with Thiersch operation for relapsed rectal prolapse: a case report by Teppei Kamada, Hironori Ohdaira, Junji Takahashi, Yoshinobu Fuse, Wataru Kai, Keigo Nakashima, Yuichi Nakaseko, Norihiko Suzuki, Masashi Yoshida, Takeo Usui, Yutaka Suzuki

“…However, there is no consensus on the optimal surgical procedure for relapsed rectal prolapse. …”
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Contrastive learning with transformer for adverse endpoint prediction in patients on DAPT post-coronary stent implantation by Fang Li, Zenan Sun, Ahmed abdelhameed, Tiehang Duan, Laila Rasmy, Xinyue Hu, Jianping He, Yifang Dang, Jingna Feng, Jianfu Li, Yichen Wang, Tianchen Lyu, Naomi Braun, Si Pham, Michael Gharacholou, DeLisa Fairweather, Degui Zhi, Jiang Bian, Cui Tao

“…Meanwhile, the model was holistically optimized using multiple loss functions, to ensure the predicted results closely align with the ground-truth values from various perspectives. …”
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The Evaluation of Small-Scale Field Maize Transpiration Rate from UAV Thermal Infrared Images Using Improved Three-Temperature Model by Xiaofei Yang, Zhitao Zhang, Qi Xu, Ning Dong, Xuqian Bai, Yanfu Liu

“…The results indicate that when the potential energy function parameter β value is 0.1, the optimal performance is provided. (2) The feasibility of utilizing UAV-based TIR remote sensing in conjunction with the 3T model for estimating Tr has been demonstrated, showing a significant correlation between the measured and the estimated transpiration rate (T_r-3T_C), derived from T_C data obtained through the segmentation and processing of TIR imagery. …”
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Clinical efficacy and complications of 10 surgical interventions for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: an updated systematic review and network meta-ana... by Xiao Chen, Yuanhe Fan, Jie Chen, Hongliang Tu

“…Abstract Background The optimal surgical techniques for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) remain controversial due to insufficient high-level evidence. …”
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Development and Test of Pomelo Fruit Inventory Grading Management System Based on RFID Technology by Haijun QI, Jintao ZHANG, Bofeng ZENG, Yizhi LUO, Xingxing ZHOU

“…【Result】The experimental process was identified by five different distances, and the optimal distance for identifying fruit frames was 1.3-1.5 meters. …”
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Experimental study on the pneumatic conveying characteristics of stiff shotcrete materials by Lianjun Chen, Meiyue Liu, Zhenjiao Sun

“…Airflow velocity and pipe diameter are identified as critical factors affecting stable conveying velocity and pressure loss, with smaller pipe diameters resulting in higher velocities but increased pressure loss. …”
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