MaxEnt-Based Distribution Modeling of the Invasive Species <i>Phragmites australis</i> Under Climate Change Conditions in Iraq by Nabaz R. Khwarahm

“…The study area covers approximately 430,632.17 km², of which 64,065.66 km² (14.87% of the total region) was classified as the optimal habitat for <i>P. australis</i>. While climate projections indicate an overall decline (i.e., SSP126 (5.33% loss) and SSP585 (6.74% loss)) in suitable habitats for <i>P. australis</i> across Iraq, certain localized regions may experience increased habitat suitability, reflecting potential gains (i.e., SSP126 (3.58% gain) and SSP585 (1.82% gain)) in specific areas. …”
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Hybrid Integration of a Beam-Steering Leaky-Wave Antenna and Power Amplifier MMIC Using UPD Printing in 220 to 325 GHz Range by Georg Gramlich, Elizabeth Bekker, Luca Valenziano, Joel Dittmer, Martin Roemhild, Holger Baur, Fabian Thome, Axel Tessmann, Michael Kuri, Tom Neerfeld, Andreas Stohr, Sebastian Randel, Christian Koos, Norbert Fruehauf, Thomas Zwick, Akanksha Bhutani

“…The UPD-printed CPW interconnect is optimized to maintain a characteristic impedance of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50 \Omega$ </tex-math></inline-formula> by analyzing the dielectric properties and thickness of the various materials on which the printing is performed. …”
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Ultra-small millimeter-wave filter chips based on high-K single-crystal lithium niobate by Qun Li, Junyan Zheng, Yansong Yang

“…However, achieving an optimal balance between miniaturization, low insertion loss, high selectivity, and low cost of millimeter-wave filters remains a challenge for existing technologies. …”
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Medial femoral condyle vascularised corticoperiosteal graft: A suitable choice for scaphoid non-union by Samir Kumta, Sudhir Warrier, Leena Jain, Rani Ummal, Manik Menezes, Shrirang Purohit

“…Options for scaphoid fracture treatment have been described over several decades, however, none with an optimal solution to achieve union along with good hand function. …”
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Precise Rail Transit Sleeper Positioning Technology Based on Improved YOLOv8n Model by YAN Xiaoxia, GUO Jianqin, ZHAI Huchao, LIU Yutao, LI Junxin, WANG Liangxian

“…Based on the YOLOv8n model, a new EIoU (enhanced intersection over union) method is used. Through optimization of loss function and structural constraints on sleeper counting, a sleeper object detection model YOLOv8n_SC is proposed based on the improved YOLOv8n model. …”
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Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction: A Method of Combined Deep Learnings by Chuanxiang Ren, Chunxu Chai, Changchang Yin, Haowei Ji, Xuezhen Cheng, Ge Gao, Heng Zhang

“…Then, the neuron number, loss function, optimization algorithm, and other parameters of the CDLP model are discussed and set through experiments. …”
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OR-FCOS: an enhanced fully convolutional one-stage approach for growth stage identification of Oudemansiella raphanipes by Runze Fang, Huamao Huang, Nuoyan Guo, Haichuan Wei, Shiyi Wang, Haiying Hu, Ming Liu

“…A neural architecture search (NAS)-enhanced FCOS decoder replaces both the traditional feature pyramid networks (FPN) and prediction head in FCOS, optimizing feature fusion and prediction. Integrating the complete intersection over union (CIoU) loss function addresses standard IoU limitations by factoring in aspect ratio and bounding box center distance. …”
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Application of a Hybrid Model Based on CEEMDAN and IMSA in Water Quality Prediction by GUO Li-jin, WU Hao-tian

“…Directly removing them could lead to information loss, so outliers were retained. After integrating decomposition, use of entropy, algorithm optimization, and error correction models, eleven comparative experiments were established to evaluate the effectiveness of each optimization method. …”
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The impact of herd age structure on the performance of commercial sow-breeding farms by Santos Sanz-Fernández, Cipriano Díaz-Gaona, João Simões, José Carlos Casas-Rosal, Nuria Alòs, Llibertat Tusell, Raquel Quintanilla, Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez

“…., distribution of sows within a farm based on their parity number, and its management are essential to optimizing farm reproductive efficiency. The objective of this study is to define different types of herd age structure using data from 623 Spanish commercial sow farms. …”
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Management of Severe Gunshot Injuries of the Lower Third of the Face: A Case Series and Review by Elia Kassouf, MD, Samer Abou Zeid, MD, Aref Nassar, MD, Marc Aoude, MD, Charbel El Feghaly, MD, Fadi Sleilati, MD

“…Secondary operations were needed for optimal functional and cosmetic results.…”
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Bone‐targeted hybrid extracellular vesicles for alveolar bone regeneration by Anqi Liu, Gang Yang, Yijie Zhao, Jiajia Deng, Jialiang Liu, Kairun Zhang, Li Mei, Yan Liu, Tingjiao Liu

“…Abstract Prolonged tooth loss causes a blade‐like narrowing of the alveolar bone, severely impairing chewing function and aesthetics and complicating subsequent orthodontic or restorative treatments. …”
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Token-Mol 1.0: tokenized drug design with large language models by Jike Wang, Rui Qin, Mingyang Wang, Meijing Fang, Yangyang Zhang, Yuchen Zhu, Qun Su, Qiaolin Gou, Chao Shen, Odin Zhang, Zhenxing Wu, Dejun Jiang, Xujun Zhang, Huifeng Zhao, Jingxuan Ge, Zhourui Wu, Yu Kang, Chang-Yu Hsieh, Tingjun Hou

“…Built on a transformer decoder and trained with causal masking, Token-Mol introduces a Gaussian cross-entropy loss function tailored for regression tasks, enabling superior performance across multiple downstream applications. …”
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Identification of Low‐Value Defects in Infrared Images of Porcelain Insulators Based on STCE‐YOLO Algorithm by Shaotong Pei, Weiqi Wang, Chenlong Hu, Keyu Li, Haichao Sun, Mianxiao Wu, Bo Lan

“…And the multiple attention mechanism improved to the third generation of variability convolution is used to detect the head to improve the accuracy of the algorithm's target localization. Finally, the SIoU loss function is employed to further enhance performance in complex scenes containing small targets. …”
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Strong and Weak Prompt Engineering for Remote Sensing Image-Text Cross-Modal Retrieval by Tianci Sun, Chengyu Zheng, Xiu Li, Yanli Gao, Jie Nie, Lei Huang, Zhiqiang Wei

“…Finally, the adaptive hard sample elimination module optimizes the triplet loss function by training the model with negative sample pairs of varying difficulty, assigning higher weights to simpler pairs. …”
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High-Accuracy Iris Center Localization Using Mediapipe Keypoints and Xception-Based Deep Regression by Wattanapong Kurdthongmee, Arsanchai Sukkuea, Korakot Suwannarat, Piyadhida Kurdthongmee

“…Comprehensive testing was undertaken to refine critical parameters, such as the depth of the backbone layers, selection of optimizer, and resolution of input images, with training conducted over 200 epochs via the Huber loss function. …”
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Artificial intelligence for screening and early diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms in the context of centralization of the laboratory service in the region by S. I. Panin, V. A. Suvorov, A. V. Zubkov, S. A. Bezborodov, A. A. Panina, N. V. Kovalenko, A. R. Donsckaia, I. G. Shushkova, A. V. Bykov, Ya. A. Marenkov

“…A comparative assessment of machine learning techniques showed that the best option for creating the appropriate software was Hist Gradient Boosting (diagnostic accuracy 0.909, sensitivity 0.642, specificity 0.965, negative predictability 0.928, positive predictability 0.794, F1 0.828, logistic regression loss function 0.352, area under the ROC curve 0.89). …”
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Influence of paeoniflorin dietary supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, blood parameters, carcass characteristics and meat quality in broiler chickens by Yefei Zhou, Cunyi Qiu, Zhiding Zhou, Dunlin Zhang, Yao Cai, Jun Yuan, Shanguo Mao

“…Therefore, the data suggest that paeoniflorin can be an effective natural feed additive for broiler diets, with an optimal dosage of 150–300 mg/kg.…”
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Study on Corrosion Laws of Wind Power Tower Tube Material Q345D Alloy Steel Under Simulated Oceanic Atmospheric Environment by XU Jing - ming, HU Jie - zhen, DENG Pei - chang, WU Jing - quan, WANG Gui

“…In order to accurately understand the corrosion laws of tower tube materials in acidic atmosphere environment, and provide a theoretical basis for the anticorrosion optimization of offshore wind turbine tower tube structure, the dry and wet acid salt spray test was used to simulate the coastal atmospheric environment to corrode Q345D alloy steel for 24, 48, 72, 96, 168,240, 360， 480 h to study the corrosion laws of the tower tube material Q345D steel in this environment. …”
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Integrating the Prior Shape Knowledge Into Deep Model and Feature Fusion for Topologically Effective Brain Tumor Segmentation by Salma Asif, Ahmad Raza Shahid, Kiran Aftab, Syed Ather Enam

“…Deep learning techniques totally rely on the loss function optimization and due to the lack of explicit form of prior knowledge, they may struggle to generate the accurate tumor shapes. …”
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Most Significant Factors Affecting the Survival of Patients with Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest by Isuf Bajrami, Avdyl Pacolli, Amire Dragusha, Haki Dragusha, Defrim Qerimi

“… Introduction: Cardiac arrest, the sudden loss of heart function, often strikes without warning. …”
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