LCFANet: A Novel Lightweight Cross-Level Feature Aggregation Network for Small Agricultural Pest Detection by Shijian Huang, Yunong Tian, Yong Tan, Zize Liang

“…Furthermore, we introduce the MPDINIoU loss function, combining InnerIoU and MPDIoU to optimize bounding box regression. …”
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Convolutional Edge Constraint-Based U-Net for Salient Object Detection by Le Han, Xuelong Li, Yongsheng Dong

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Design of a Classification Recognition Model for Bone and Muscle Anatomical Imaging Based on Convolutional Neural Network and 3D Magnetic Resonance by Ting Pan, Yang Yang

“…After that, a new activation function Mish is introduced, and its advantages over other activation functions are experimentally demonstrated. …”
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Handwritten W-Net for High-Frequency Guided Single-Image Super-Resolution by Xiang Yang, Chen Fang, Xiaolan Xie, Minggang Dong

“…To address these problems, we propose an enhanced U-Net, called the handwritten W-Net (HW-Net) architecture, as well as a loss function that uses high-frequency components for guidance. …”
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Research on a UAV-View Object-Detection Method Based on YOLOv7-Tiny by Yuyang Miao, Xihan Wang, Ning Zhang, Kai Wang, Lianhe Shao, Quanli Gao

“…The algorithm’s performance in handling object occlusion and multi-scale detection is enhanced by introducing the VarifocalLoss loss function and improving the feature fusion network to BiFPN. …”
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Synergistic Evolution in the Digital Transformation of the Whole Rural E-Commerce Industry Chain: A Game Analysis Using Prospect Theory by Yanling Wang, Junqian Xu

“…The findings indicate that when the behavior characteristics of the players are introduced, the threshold interval of the cost–benefit ratio of the two sides to reach the optimal state of decision-making is obviously reduced. …”
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Research on multimodal social media information popularity prediction based on large language model by WANG Jie, WANG Zitong, PENG Yan, HAO Bowen

“…Finally, an improved direct preference optimization (DPO) algorithm IDPOP was developed by constructing preference data and adding a parameter-tuned penalty to the DPO loss function, resolving instability and non-convergence in RLHF and incorrect optimization in standard DPO for social media popularity prediction. …”
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Efficacy of Laparoscopic versus Open Donor Nephrectomy in the Living Kidney Donor: A Retrospective Cohort Study by Sashikant Asabe, Shivam Singh, Sunil Mhaske, Vilas P Sabale

“…Introduction: Renal transplantation is the optimal treatment for End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD), with living donor nephrectomy providing significant advantages over deceased donor renal transplantation. …”
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ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: Shakin' off the rust—Oxidative stress and redox status as underlying factors of immune dysfunction in periparturient cows and preweaning calves by Angel Abuelo

“…A key factor responsible for the development of immune dysfunction in transition cows and newborn calves is oxidative stress (OS), which results from the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) during times of high metabolic demands and the availability of antioxidant defenses that are needed to reduce oxidant-induced cellular damage and subsequent loss of function. Elevated OS is linked to increased disease susceptibility, impaired immune responses, and inflammation. …”
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SKGRec: A Semantic-Enhanced Knowledge Graph Fusion Recommendation Algorithm with Multi-Hop Reasoning and User Behavior Modeling by Siqi Xu, Ziqian Yang, Jing Xu, Ping Feng

“…The model constructs a semantic interaction graph (USIG) of user behaviors and employs a self-attention mechanism and a ranked optimization loss function to mine user interactions in fine-grained semantic associations. …”
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Synergistic Effects of Natural Products and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteoarthritis Treatment: A Narrative Review by Hamoud H. Alfaqeh, Ruszymah Binti Hj Idrus, Aminuddin Bin Saim, Abid Nordin

“…Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disorder characterized by cartilage degradation, inflammation, and loss of joint function. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise for OA therapy due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, challenges such as poor survival, suboptimal differentiation, and an inflammatory microenvironment limit their clinical efficacy. …”
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Perioperative sildenafil citrate administration in hepatectomy: a study protocol of randomized controlled trial by Qisheng Chen, Shixuan Peng, Yingying Zhou, Shuzhai Li, Feng Xu, Yi Yu, Pan Wang, Xinran Peng, Chunbo Zhao, Aowen Xie, Zhiming Zhang

“…The primary outcome is the intraoperative blood loss (IBL). Secondary outcomes include the classification of the surgical field, the cumulative consumption of nitroglycerine, hemodynamic parameters, blood gas analysis, coagulation function (comprising thromboelastogram (TEG), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and prothrombin time (PT)), intraoperative urine output, adverse events in the recovery room (hypotension, hypoxemia and hematuria), biochemical markers (total bilirubin, total albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, urea nitrogen), complete blood count (Hb, Plt, and Hct), cardiac function (brain natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase isoenzyme, troponin), postoperative hospital stay and indwelling time of drainage tube, and postoperative complications. …”
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Medical foods in Alzheimer’s disease by Klaus W. Lange, Jianjun Guo, Shigehiko Kanaya, Katharina M. Lange, Yukiko Nakamura, Shiming Li

“…Improvements in symptomatology and regional brain atrophy in AD have been claimed for several medical foods, for example, those providing ketone bodies as alternative energy supply to neurons, those containing precursors believed to improve synaptic function, and those addressing oxidative stress related to memory loss. …”
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PreMode predicts mode-of-action of missense variants by deep graph representation learning of protein sequence and structural context by Guojie Zhong, Yige Zhao, Demi Zhuang, Wendy K. Chung, Yufeng Shen

“…Pathogenic missense variants in the same gene may act through different modes of action (i.e., gain/loss-of-function) by affecting different aspects of protein function. …”
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Unmasking Greenwashing in the Building Materials Industry Through an Evolutionary Game Approach via Prospect Theory by Zihan Li, Yi Zhang, Zihan Hu, Yixi Zeng, Xin Dong, Xinbao Lu, Jie Peng, Mingtao Zhu, Xingwei Li

“…First, a higher initial willingness by both enterprises and certifiers to engage in ethical practices increases the likelihood of convergence to an optimal and stable outcome. Second, a greater degree of diminishing sensitivity in the value function promotes the adoption of authentic green behavior by enterprises. …”
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Simulation of Suitable Distribution and Differentiation in Local Environments of <i>Cercospora arachidicola</i> in China by Ying Lin, Xue Pei, Chunhao Liang

“…This study aimed to develop a predictive model, optimized using the Biomod tuning function, to assess the future risk and spatial distribution of ELS under various climate change scenarios. …”
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Landscape ecological risk assessment of the northern coastal region of China based on the improved ESRISK framework: A case study of Cangzhou City by Guohao Hu, Yu Guo, Changchun Zhang, Yao Chen, Yu Lang, Lei Su, Haolin Huang

“…It optimizes the ESRISK framework and employs the Entropy Weighting Method − Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP-EWM) to construct a future loss probability index model. …”
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Multi-Branch Network with Multi-Feature Enhancement for Improving the Generalization of Facial Forgery Detection by Siyu Meng, Quange Tan, Qianli Zhou, Rong Wang

“…Finally, independent loss functions are designed for each branch to ensure the effective learning of specific features while promoting collaborative optimization of the model through the overall loss function. …”
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Automatic Road Extraction from Historical Maps Using Transformer-Based SegFormers by Elif Sertel, Can Michael Hucko, Mustafa Erdem Kabadayı

“…We applied the variants of the transformer-based SegFormer model and evaluated the effects of different encoders, batch sizes, loss functions, optimizers, and augmentation techniques on road extraction performance. …”
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DMSO-free cryopreservation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes: low temperature characterization and protocol development by Akshat S. Mallya, Tessa Burrows, Jeanne Hsieh, Troy Louwagie, James R. Dutton, Brenda M. Ogle, Allison Hubel

“…However, conventional hiPSC-CM cryopreservation protocols largely use dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the cryoprotectant (CPA), which is linked with a loss of post-thaw recovery and function for various cell types and is not ideal for therapeutic protocols. …”
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