A low illumination target detection method based on a dynamic gradient gain allocation strategy by Zhiqiang Li, Jian Xiang, Jiawen Duan

“…To address these issues, this study introduces an efficient target detection method for low illumination, named DimNet. This method optimizes the model through enhancements in multi-scale feature fusion, feature extraction, detection head, and loss function. …”
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Harnessing <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>–Moss Synergy: Carbon–Structure Optimization for Erosion-Resistant Barrier Formation in Cold Mollisols by Tianxiao Li, Shunli Zheng, Zhaoxing Xiao, Qiang Fu, Fanxiang Meng, Mo Li, Dong Liu, Qingyuan Liu

“…This demonstrates the following: (1) <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> enhances microbial metabolism, driving carbon conversion into stable pools, while mosses reduce carbon leaching via physical barriers, synergistically forming a dual “carbon protection–structural reinforcement” barrier. (2) The combined inoculation optimizes soil structure by increasing the proportion of large soil particles and enhancing aggregate stability, effectively suppressing soil loss even under extreme rainfall erosion. …”
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Design of a Broadband Integrated Mode Converter Based on Non-Uniform Binary Long-Period Grating by Direct Multiparameter Optimization by Edyta Sroda, Jacek Olszewski, Waclaw Urbanczyk

“…The optimal grating parameters were determined by minimizing the deviation of the transmission characteristics calculated using the transfer matrix method from the predefined target functions using the multistart optimization procedure. …”
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Corrosion inhibition effects of eco-friendly clarithromycin molecules on aluminium in hydrochloric acid solution via experimental, theoretical and optimization approach by O.D. Onukwuli, I.A. Nnanwube, F.O. Ochili, M. Omotioma, J.I. Obibuenyi

“…Corrosion inhibition effect of expired clarithromycin on aluminium in 1 M HCl was examined with weight loss, electrochemical, theoretical and optimization methods. …”
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HY-Deepnet : A new Optimal Deep transfer learning empowered framework for an autonomous Alzheimer’s disease detection and diagnosis system by S. Veluchamy, R. Bhuvaneswari, K. Ashwini, Samah Alshathri, Walid El-Shafai

“…These results underscore the effectiveness of the framework in enhancing Alzheimer’s detection and diagnosis, particularly when leveraging the synergy of deep transfer models and COATI optimization techniques.…”
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Two-stage strategic optimal planning of distributed generators and energy storage systems considering demand response program and network reconfiguration by Saleh Ba-swaimi, Renuga Verayiah, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy, Ahmad K. ALAhmad, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban

“…In contrast, the inner-stage problem emphasizes the reduction of hourly operational expenses, power losses, and voltage deviations through the identification of optimal scheduling for demand response programs (DRPs) and network reconfiguration (NR). …”
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Gelatin from red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) scales: Optimization of its extraction and detailed characterization of its chemical and viscoelastic properties by Jairo Andrés Camaño Echavarría, Amine Nekkaa, Philippe Arnoux, Christelle Mathé, Céline Cakir-Kiefer, Loïc Stefan, Cédric Paris, Katalin Selmeczi, José Edgar Zapata Montoya, Laetitia Canabady-Rochelle

“…This study aimed to optimize the gelatin extraction from red tilapia scales using a fractional factorial design and evaluate its physicochemical and viscoelastic properties. …”
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A Mathematical Programming Approach for Joint Optimization of Wind Farm Layout and Cable Routing Based on a Three‐Dimensional Gaussian Wake Model by Ziwei Cao, Longwen Chen, Ke Li, Guoqing Huang, Ruili Liu

“…Since increasing the distance between turbines can reduce wake loss but increase cable cost, these two optimizations are coupled and jointly affect the revenue of wind farms. …”
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A Distributional Robust Distribution Network Reconfiguration Method Based on Compressed Switch Candidate Set by Haocheng DU, Shilong LI, Yuntao JU, Jinqi ZHANG

“…The first stage took the minimization of active network loss of the system as the objective function and used the optimal matching loop flow method to compress the switch candidate set; the second stage took the minimization of the sum of the power purchase cost and the switch action cost as the objective function, constructed the chance constraints on the capacity limits of the power point, and adopted a Wasserstein ball-based distributional robust method to deal with the uncertainty of distributed generation. …”
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Circle-Based Ratio Loss for Person Reidentification by Zhao Yang, Jiehao Liu, Tie Liu, Li Wang, Sai Zhao

“…Softmax loss is one of the widely used loss functions in re-id. …”
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A Multi-Objective PSO-GWO Approach for Smart Grid Reconfiguration with Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles by Tung Linh Nguyen, Quynh Anh Nguyen

“…Comparative analyses further demonstrate that the hybrid method surpasses conventional optimization techniques, as evidenced by enhanced convergence rates and superior objective function outcomes. …”
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HSPiP and QbD oriented optimized stearylamine-elastic liposomes for topical delivery of ketoconazole to treat deep seated fungal infections: In vitro and ex vivo evaluations by Afzal Hussain, Mohammad A. Altamimi, Yaser Saleh Alneef

“…Stearylamine was used for dual functionalities (electrostatic interaction and flexibility in lipid bilayer). …”
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A new hybrid approach for solving partial differential equations: Combining Physics-Informed Neural Networks with Cat-and-Mouse based Optimization by Nursyiva Irsalinda, Maharani A. Bakar, Fatimah Noor Harun, Sugiyarto Surono, Danang A. Pratama

“…The integration of CMBO into PINN enabled efficient parameter initialization, driving a substantial reduction in the loss function compared to conventional PINN approaches. …”
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Validation of 4DOF maneuvering coefficients optimization using hydrodynamic force and moment estimated from free-running model test results by Kiwon Kim, Sungeun Choi, Jeonghwa Seo, Ki-In Na, Shin Hyung Rhee, Dong-Hwan Kim

“…The hull dynamics modeling relates the motion and hydrodynamic force and moment is developed by optimizing maneuvering coefficients which leads to minimum loss function of hydrodynamic force and moment and maneuvering criteria. …”
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A novel mechanism of sperm midpiece epididymal maturation and the role of CCDC112 in sperm midpiece formation and establishing an optimal flagella waveform by Maddison L. Graffeo, Joseph Nguyen, Farin Yazdan Parast, Jessica E. M. Dunleavy, Denis Korneev, Hongyi Yang, Hidenobu Okuda, Anne E. O’Connor, Donald F. Conrad, Reza Nosrati, Brendan J. Houston, Moira K. O’Bryan

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A Vehicle Path Planning Algorithm Based on Mixed Policy Gradient Actor-Critic Model with Random Escape Term and Filter Optimization by Wei Nai, Zan Yang, Daxuan Lin, Dan Li, Yidan Xing

“…At the same time, in order to avoid the model converging local optimum, a random escape term has been added in the policy weight update process to overcome the problem that it is difficult to optimize the non-convex loss function, and the random escape term can help to explore the policy in more directions. …”
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Uncertainty management in multiobjective electric vehicle integrated optimal power flow based hydrothermal scheduling of renewable power system for environmental sustainability by Susanta Dutta, Siddhartha Ghosh, Tushnik Sarkar, Provas Kumar Roy, Chandan Paul, Ruba Abu Khurma, Mohd Asif Shah, Saurav Mallik

“…Secondly, renewable energy sources such as wind-solar-EV are integrated with the aforesaid systems for lowering fuel cost, emission, active power loss (APL), aggregated voltage deviation (AVD), voltage stability index (VSI) and also cost, emision, APL, AVD, VSI are reduced simultaneously considering different cases for multi-objective functions.Proposed sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) embedded with quasi-oppositional based learning (QOBL), known as QOSCA is used to balance the exploration and exploitation ability in order to overcome shortcomings and provide global optimal solutions. …”
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Optimizing Car Collision Detection Using Large Dashcam-Based Datasets: A Comparative Study of Pre-Trained Models and Hyperparameter Configurations by Muhammad Shahid, Martin Gregurić, Amirhossein Hassani, Marko Ševrović

“…Our methodology systematically investigates the influence of optimizers, loss functions, schedulers, and learning rates on model generalization. …”
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Optimizing Attenuation Correction in ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET Imaging Using Deep Learning and Artifact-Free Dataset Refinement by Masoumeh Dorri Giv, Guluzar Ozbolat, Hossein Arabi, Somayeh Malmir, Shahrokh Naseri, Vahid Roshan Ravan, Hossein Akbari-Lalimi, Raheleh Tabari Juybari, Ghasem Ali Divband, Nasrin Raeisi, Vahid Reza Dabbagh Kakhki, Emran Askari, Sara Harsini

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Inference and Optimal Design on Partially Accelerated Life Tests for the Power Half-Logistic Distribution Under Adaptive Type II Progressive Censoring by Hanan Haj Ahmad, Mahmoud M. El-Awady

“…Bayesian estimates are also obtained using Lindley’s approximation and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method under different loss functions. Additionally, D- and A-optimality criteria are applied to determine the optimal stress-changing time. …”
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