On Applicability of the Radially Integrated Geopotential in Modelling Deep Mantle Structure by Robert Tenzer, Wenjin Chen, Peter Vajda

“…., gravity potential) is smoother than its gradient (i.e., gravity), we apply the integral operator to geopotential and then investigate the spatial pattern of this functional (i.e., radially integrated geopotential). …”
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The Spiral Discovery Network as an Automated General-Purpose Optimization Tool by Adam B. Csapo

“…Besides directly helping to identify functional patterns in such systems, SDM also simplifies their control through its characteristic spiral structure. …”
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Iterative approach for photonic crystal devices design by Pavel V. Mokshin, Dimitriy L. Golovashkin, Vladimir S. Pavelyev

“…The design of functional PhC structures with expected characteristics (for example, waveguides) for a certain wavelength (albeit given by a monochromatic radiation source) is described. …”
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Echocardiographic Monitoring of Intracardiac Hemodynamics in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome by S. A. Perepelitsa, A. M. Golubev

“…Group 1 comprised 34 infants with severe RDS who received the exogenous surfactant Curosurf and Group 2 consisted of 17 apparently healthy premature newborn infants. Results. Functional tension of the cardiovascular system was characterized for premature neonates with RDS. …”
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Left ventricular segmentation method based on optimized UNet and improved CBAM: ESV and EDV tracking study. by Kerang Cao, Miao Zhao, Minghui Geng, Shuai Zheng, Hoekyung Jung

“…To further stabilize training and address gradient issues, we combine binary cross-entropy and Dice loss functions. …”
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A DRL-based optimization method for microgrid operation by ZENG Lei, DING Quan, CHEN Xiaoyu, YUE Xianya

“…The twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient （TD3） algorithm is employed to derive microgrid scheduling strategies in a data-driven manner. …”
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Combined effects of Hall and ion-slip currents and heat transfer on peristaltic transport of a copper–water nanofluid by Khalid Nowar, Borhen Halouani

“…The expressions for the velocity field, stream function, pressure gradient, pressure rise, temperature distribution, and nanoparticle concentration are computed. …”
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Novel Special Orthogonal Group Optimization for Coarse Alignment Method of SINS on a Rocking Base by Fujun Pei, Siyuan Li, Li Peng, Shunan Yin

“…In order to directly reflect the change in the attitude error in the new innovation term and enable the attitude error to converge to zero as fast as possible, the gradient of the new attitude error function has been selected as the new innovation term to compensate for the attitude in the estimation process. …”
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Gradience and optionality in the syntactic realization of focus by Silvio Cruschina, Laia Mayol

“…In addition, while Catalan is insensitive to the grammatical function of the focus, in both Spanish and Italian preverbal subjects are rated higher than preverbal objects. …”
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Radionuclide methods in assessing pulmonary perfusion and ventilation in patients with connective tissue dysplasia by Zh. V. Vesnina, Zh. Zh. Anashbaev, A. V. Teteneva, N. G. Krivinogov, I. D. Bespalova, S. I. Sazonova, N. A. Serdyukov, K. V. Potapov

“…Static pulmonary ventilation – perfusion scintigraphy allows to identify functional disorders in patients with CTD at the preclinical stage: a decrease in the perfusion gradient on average by 24% compared with the control group and an increase in alveolar – capillary membrane permeability.…”
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Coastal urbanization-related stressors affect fish herbivory in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia by Estradivari, Estradivari, Andi M. A. Pratama, Gunawan Syafruddin, Puspita L. Kanna, Marleen Stuhr, Andrew F. Torres, Andrew F. Torres, Munawwarah, Dino A. Ramos, Rohani Ambo-Rappe, Sonia Bejarano, Oscar Puebla, Oscar Puebla, Christian Wild, Sebastian C. A. Ferse, Sebastian C. A. Ferse, Sebastian C. A. Ferse

“…Quantifying fish herbivory, a key ecological process mitigating such transitions, is essential for understanding reef health, functioning, and resilience. This study examined herbivory rates (bites multiplied by fish biomass) across five fish functional groups (detritivores, croppers, browsers, scrapers, and excavators) in relation to coral reef conditions along a gradient of urban influence in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia. …”
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A class of constrained optimal control problems arising in an immunotherapy cancer remission process by Yineng Ouyang, Zhaotao Liang, Zhihui Ma, Lei Wang, Zhaohua Gong, Jun Xie, Kuikui Gao

“…Then, we derive gradients of the cost function and/or the constraints in the resulting problems. …”
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A cell-and-plasma numerical model reveals hemodynamic stress and flow adaptation in zebrafish microvessels after morphological alteration. by Swe Soe Maung Ye, Li-Kun Phng

“…The development of a functional cardiovascular system ensures a sustainable oxygen, nutrient and hormone delivery system for successful embryonic development and homeostasis in adulthood. …”
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Research on the Design and Simulation of Missile Intelligent Agent Autopilot Integrated With Deep Reinforcement Learning by Jianqi Wang, Shengtao Long, Su Wang, Kaiyu Zhan

“…This paper proposes an innovative method for missile autopilot design based on the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm. Under the framework of deep reinforcement learning, by integrating the missile’s dynamic characteristics to optimize the reward function and network structure, an adaptive control model capable of adapting to complex flight conditions was constructed. …”
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Fundamental Structure of General Stochastic Dynamical Systems: High-Dimension Case by Haoyu Wang, Xiaoliang Gan, Wenqing Hu, Ping Ao

“…According to scientific understanding, we assert that its deterministic part can be decomposed into three significant parts: the gradient of the potential function, friction matrix and Lorenz matrix. …”
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Performance Analysis of Diabetes Detection Using Machine Learning Classifiers by Hung Huynh, Liu Hui, Ngoc Han Nguyen, Ruixuan Qiao

“…Three types of machine learning classifiers are used: Tree-based, Function-based, and Rule-based. Results have shown that Stochastic Gradient Descent (function), Logistic Regression (function), JRip (rules) and Random Forests (trees) are among the top performing classifiers. …”
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The variational theory of fracture: diffuse cohesive energy and elastic-plastic rupture by Gianpietro Del Piero, Giovanni Lancioni, Riccardo March

“…The model predicts different fracture modes, brittle and ductile, depending on the analytical form of the cohesive energy function.…”
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Application of machine learning and neural network models based on experimental evaluation of dissimilar resistance spot-welded joints between grade 2 titanium alloy and AISI 304 s... by Marwan T. Mezher, Alejandro Pereira, Rusul Ahmed Shakir, Tomasz Trzepieciński

“…The best prediction model was found to be the ANN model when training the conjugate gradient with the Polak-Ribiere updates (Traincgp) training function with the hyperbolic tangent sigmoid transfer function (Tansig) with the mean squared error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (R2) values recorded as 0.01886 and 0.94973, respectively. …”
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Identification of bacterial key genera associated with breast cancer using machine learning techniques by Md. Kaderi Kibria, Isteaq Kabir Sifat, Md. Bayazid Hossen, Farhana Hasan, Md Parvez Mosharaf, Md Ziaul Hassan

“…Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota, which influences immune function, metabolism, and inflammation, may also play a critical role in BC risk. …”
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Can Right Heart Catheterization Improve the Prediction of Positive Response to Resynchronization Therapy? by Karolina Barańska-Pawełczak, Wojciech Jacheć, Andrzej Tomasik, Bettina Ziaja, Michalina Mazurkiewicz, Tomasz Kukulski, Celina Wojciechowska

“…<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the interventional methods of heart failure (HF) treatment, with the criteria for CRT device implantation based on the value of the left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association functional class, QRS complex duration, and electrocardiographic morphology. …”
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