Defect Diagnosis of Photovoltaic Module Visible Light Images Under Imbalanced Sample Conditions by Huiqing Rao, Qiong Li, Long Chen, Sha Jin, Yong Lu, Zhiguang Li

“…This enables the generation of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$512\times 512$ </tex-math></inline-formula> resolution images using fewer network layers and avoids the problems of gradient vanishing or gradient exploding caused by excessive layers. …”
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Unravelling NbSe2 single crystal: First principle insights, optical properties, synthesis and X-ray diffraction profile investigation by Mehul S. Dave, Ranjan Kr. Giri, Rajiv D. Vaidya, Kaushik R. Patel, Shivani R. Bharucha, Mitesh B. Solanki

“…Niobium diselenide (NbSe2) crystals were synthesized using the chemical vapour transport (CVT) technique. The Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) method was used in the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. …”
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A voltage-gated H+ channel underlying pH homeostasis in calcifying coccolithophores. by Alison R Taylor, Abdul Chrachri, Glen Wheeler, Helen Goddard, Colin Brownlee

“…We have used electrophysiological approaches to identify a plasma membrane voltage-gated H+ conductance in Coccolithus pelagicus ssp braarudii with remarkably similar biophysical and functional properties to those found in metazoans. We show that both C. pelagicus and Emiliania huxleyi possess homologues of metazoan H(v)1 H+ channels, which function as voltage-gated H+ channels when expressed in heterologous systems. …”
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Unlocking the structural, vibrational, electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of K2X (X=S, Se, Te) monolayers via DFT and ML by G. Sneha, R.D. Eithiraj

“…The computational analysis that involves density functional theory (DFT) was achieved by WIEN2k software. …”
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Ultrahigh-field animal MRI system with advanced technological update by Yaohui Wang, Guyue Zhou, Haoran Chen, Pengfei Wu, Wenhui Yang, Feng Liu, Qiuliang Wang

“…Further research investigation will be performed to promote more scientific outputs with enhanced functional capabilities.…”
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Comparative Study of the Flavonoid Content in Radix Scutellaria from Different Cultivation Areas in China by Yiying Zheng, Shengnan Zhou, Haokang Zhang, Zongyuan Lu, Ruixue Deng, Yihao Feng, Pu Liu

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CPDDA: A Python Package for Discrete Dipole Approximation Accelerated by CuPy by Dibo Xu, Paerhatijiang Tuersun, Shuyuan Li, Meng Wang, Lan Jiang

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A Data-Driven Front Tracking Algorithm for Autonomous Undersea Vehicles by Jieyang LU, Yongpeng WEN, Qian GUO, Xinke ZHU, Junsheng JIAO

“…The PSO algorithm was employed to iteratively optimize the hyperparameters within the kernel function, which were then substituted back into the GPR model to obtain predictions of the adjacent temperature field. …”
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Adaptive Focal Loss for Keypoint-Based Deep Learning Detectors Addressing Class Imbalance by Zhihao Su, Afzan Adam, Mohammad Faidzul Nasrudin

“…This function is specifically designed to mitigate the impact of large gradients during the early stages of training. …”
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Variations in alveolar partial pressure for carbon dioxide and oxygen have additive not synergistic acute effects on human pulmonary vasoconstriction. by Quentin P P Croft, Federico Formenti, Nick P Talbot, Daniel Lunn, Peter A Robbins, Keith L Dorrington

“…The human pulmonary vasculature constricts in response to hypercapnia and hypoxia, with important consequences for homeostasis and adaptation. One function of these responses is to direct blood flow away from poorly-ventilated regions of the lung. …”
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Linear Simultaneous Equations’ Neural Solution and Its Application to Convex Quadratic Programming with Equality-Constraint by Yuhuan Chen, Chenfu Yi, Jian Zhong

“…A gradient-based neural network (GNN) is improved and presented for the linear algebraic equation solving. …”
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The Heat Equation Solution Near the Interface Between Two Media by Natalia T. Levashova, Olga A. Nikolaeva

“…The  solution  of the  boundary value  problem  for such an equation  can have the  form of a contrast structure, that is, a function  whose domain  contains  a subdomain, where the  function  has a large gradient. …”
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First-principles calculations of elastic and optical properties of Aluminum Nitride (AlN) in cubic and hexagonal phase by Burhan Ahmed, B. Indrajit Sharma

“… Investigation of elastic and optical properties of AlN in rocksalt, zincblende and wurtzite phase is done under the framework of Density Functional Theory (DFT) with modified Becke Johnson Generalised Gradient Approximation (mBJ-GGA) as exchange-correlation functional. …”
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First principles calculations of mechanical, electronic, thermoelectric and thermal properties of ZnCu by Shashit Kumar Yadav, Subash Dahal, Bhupal Guragain

“… The structural, elastic, electronic, thermoelectric, and thermal properties of ZnCu were investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation functional within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) was employed in the Quantum ESPRESSO package for the purpose. …”
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Research on cardiac image segmentation algorithm based on improved level set modeling by Shuaishuai ZHANG, Ruixia LIU, Ke SHAN, Zhenhua GUO

“…However, the uneven grayscale of images and the symbolic distance function in the gradient descent method lead to issues such as computational complexity and high computational cost during segmentation. …”
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Riparian habitat quality and seasonality drives spatiotemporal habitat ecology of sympatric Asian otters in southern Western Ghats by Ankit Moun, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Tharmalingam Ramesh, Riddhika Kalle, Riddhika Kalle

“…IntroductionRiparian habitats in the Western Ghats are vital semi-terrestrial zones playing multi-functional roles in the conservation of freshwater species. …”
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Single-cell transcriptional dissection illuminates an evolution of immunosuppressive microenvironment during pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastasis by Xiaowei Liu, Jinen Song, Meiling Yuan, Fengli Zuo, Huihui Li, Leyi Tang, Xinmin Wang, Xueyan Wang, Qian Xiao, Li Li, Xinyu Liu, Zhankun Yang, Jianlin Wu, Jing Jing, Xuelei Ma, Hubing Shi

“…Abstract How the host immune system loses its surveillance function during the evolution from normal cell to malignancy is still largely unknown. …”
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Safety Decision-Making for Autonomous Vehicles Integrating Passenger Physiological States by fNIRS by Xiaofei Zhang, Haoyi Zheng, Jun Li, Zongsheng Xie, Huamu Sun, Hong Wang

“…This study proposes an intelligent safety decision-making algorithm with passengers’ risk assessment by analyzing passenger physiological states online using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). This algorithm is developed based on twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3), and it can overcome the functional insufficiencies of traditional TD3 and guide TD3 using passengers’ risk assessment by analyzing passenger physiological states online while confronting risky scenarios. …”
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A novel Wasserstein generative adversarial network for stochastic wind power output scenario generation by Xiurong Zhang, Daoliang Li, Xueqian Fu

“…Wasserstein distance with gradient penalty adapts to the gradient vanishing problem that is easy to occur in the new energy generation scenario. …”
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Predicting physiologically-relevant oxygen concentrations in precision-cut liver slices using mathematical modelling. by S J Chidlow, L E Randle, R A Kelly

“…Simulations explore how the internal oxygen concentration changes as a function of the diameter of the slice, the position inside the well and the external incubator oxygen concentration. …”
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